scholarly journals Phenol biodegradation by isolated Citrobacter strain under hypersaline conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Deng ◽  
Hongyu Wang ◽  
Kai Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Toxic Pollutant ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

Abstract Phenol is a toxic pollutant in many kinds of hypersaline industrial effluents that should be treated properly before discharged into water bodies. In this work, a halophilic strain which could utilize phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy was isolated. Based on 16S rRNA results, it was identified as a member of Citrobacter. The phenol biodegradation ability and cell growth of the strain was evaluated with the variation of initial phenol concentration and salinity. The effect of temperature and pH on phenol removal was also investigated. The results showed that the strain was capable of withstanding high phenol (up to 1,100 mg L−1) environment with varying salinity conditions (0–10% of NaCl). The optimal initial phenol concentration was 400 mg L−1, at which the average removal rates of phenol peaked at 10.8 mg L−1 h−1. The higher initial concentration of phenol could inhibit the microbial metabolism. The optimal temperature, pH, and salinity were 35 °C, 6.0, and 0%, respectively. Under these conditions, 400 mg L−1 of phenol could be completely degraded within 20 h. The high removal rates of phenol by the strain might provide an alternative for treating phenolic wastewaters containing high salinity.

scholarly journals Optimization of phenol biodegradation by immobilized Bacillus subtilis isolated from hydrocarbons-contaminated water using the factorial design methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 679-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamida Hamdi ◽  
Amina Hellal
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Hydrogel Beads ◽  
Bead Diameter ◽  
Degradation Activity

The ability of newly isolated bacteria, identified as Bacillus subtilis immobilized on alginate hydrogel beads, to degrade phenol was investigated under different parameters, such as phenol concentration, bead diameter and inoculums size, and was optimized using full factorial design methodology. A mathematical model that governs the degradation of phenol by the immobilized system was obtained and it fitted the experimental data very well. The model indicated that within the range of variables employed, all the parameters and their interactions influenced the biodegradation process, whereby the phenol concentration was the most significant factor. B. subtilis revealed a very high degradation activity and could be grown using phenol as the sole source of carbon. Phenol was degraded by the new bacteria in 8 h under the optimum conditions obtained by the desirability function: 100 mg L-1 phenol concentration, 3 mm beads diameter and 244.5 mg of cell dry per liter biomass size, with a desirability value of 91.25 %.

scholarly journals Phenol Removal by a Novel Non-Photo-Dependent Semiconductor Catalyst in a Pilot-Scaled Study: Effects of Initial Phenol Concentration, Light, and Catalyst Loading

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Yan Liang ◽  
Xuefei Zhou ◽  
Yanling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Light Area ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

A novel non-photo-dependent semiconductor catalyst (CT) was employed to degrade phenol in the present pilot-scaled study. Effect of operational parameters such as phenol initial concentration, light area, and catalyst loading on phenol degradation, was compared between CT catalyst and the conventional photocatalyst titanium dioxide. CT catalyst excelled titanium dioxide in treating and mineralizing low-level phenol, under both mild UV radiation and thunder conditions of nonphoton. The result suggested that CT catalyst could be applied in circumstances when light is not easily accessible in pollutant-carrying media (e.g., particles, cloudy water, and colored water).

scholarly journals Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by adsorption onto seashells: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papita Das Saha ◽  
Jaya Srivastava ◽  
Shamik Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The efficacy of seashells as a new adsorbent for removal of phenol from aqueous solutions was studied by performing batch equilibrium tests under different operating parameters such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, initial phenol concentration, and temperature. The phenol removal efficiency remained unaffected when the initial pH of the phenol solution was in the range of 3–8. The amount of phenol adsorbed increased with increasing initial phenol concentration while it decreased with increasing temperature. The adsorption equilibrium data showed excellent fit to the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 175.27 mg g−1 at pH 4.0, initial phenol concentration = 50 mg L−1, adsorbent dose = 2 g and temperature = 293 K. Analysis of kinetic data showed that the adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Activation energy of the adsorption process, calculated using the Arrhenius equation, was found to be 51.38 kJ mol−1, suggesting that adsorption of phenol onto seashells involved chemical ion-exchange. The numerical value of the thermodynamic parameters (ΔG0, ΔH0 and ΔS0) indicated that adsorption of phenol onto seashells was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic under the examined conditions. The study shows that seashells can be used as an economic adsorbent for removal of phenol from aqueous solution.

Biodegradation of High Phenol Concentration in a Membrane Bioreactor

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Marrot ◽  
Adrian Barrios-Martinez ◽  
Philippe Moulin ◽  
Nicolas Roche
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Substrate Inhibition ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Haldane Model

Phenol biodegradation by mixed culture was studied in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) over a period of 285 days. Activated sludge was used as the MBR biomass, after controlled acclimation to high phenol concentrations. The MBR permeate flux was stabilized quickly (in a few hours) and always maintained above 90 L.h-1.m-2.bar-1. The acclimatized activated sludge allowed significant phenol degradation (95% average COD removal efficiency and greater than 99% phenol removal efficiency) without supplemental reagent addition. After sludge acclimatization, the Haldane kinetics model for a single substrate was used to obtain the maximum specific growth rate (µm = 0.438 h-1), the half saturation coefficient (Ks = 29.54 mg.L-1) and the substrate inhibition constant (Ki = 72.45 mg.L-1). Biodegradation experiments were conducted at different phenol concentrations (4.9 – 8.5 g.L-1 d-1). Although the phenol concentration was high, the Haldane model was still acceptable, and removal capacities were in agreement with literature. Excellent effluent quality was obtained regardless of the extremely short SRT (5 – 17 days). This work shows the potential of MBR for toxic chemical elimination, charged effluents treatment and process stability.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution using Paper Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Huda Adil Sabbar
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Adsorption Models ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration ◽  
Recyclable Resources ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The exploitation of obsolete recyclable resources including paper waste has the advantages of saving resources and environment protection. This study has been conducted to study utilizing paper waste to adsorb phenol which is one of the harmful organic compound byproducts deposited in the environment. The influence of different agitation methods, pH of the solution (3-11), initial phenol concentration (30-120ppm), adsorbent dose (0.5-2.5 g) and contact time (30-150 min) were studied. The highest phenol removal efficiency obtained was 86% with an adsorption capacity of 5.1 mg /g at optimization conditions (pH of 9, initial phenol concentration of 30 mg/L, an adsorbent dose of 2 g and contact time of 120min and at room temperature). The well-known Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were studied. The results show that the equilibrium data fitted to the Freundlich model with R2=0.9897 within the concentration range studied. The main objective of this study is finding the best mixing and conditions for phenol removal by adsorption via paper waste.

Combined effect of plate pulsation parameters and phenol concentrations on the phenol removal efficiency of a pulsed plate bioreactor with immobilized cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Shetty ◽  
M. R. Kedargol ◽  
G. Srinikethan
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Steady State Performance

Continuous aerobic biodegradation of phenol in synthetic wastewater with phenol at different concentrations (200, 300, 500, 800 and 900 ppm) was carried out in a pulsed plate column, which is used as a bioreactor with immobilised cells of Nocardia hydrocarbonoxydans (NCIM 2386) at a dilution rate of 0.4094 h−1 and amplitude of 4.7 cm at various frequencies of pulsation (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 s−1). The effect of frequency of pulsation on the steady state performance of the bioreactor for phenol biodegradation at different influent concentrations was studied. Percentage degradations were observed to be a combined effect of volumetric phenol loading, reactor residence time, mass transfer limitations and phenol inhibition effect. At 500 ppm influent phenol concentration the effect of frequencies of pulsation on the steady state percentage degradation at different amplitudes was studied. The percentage degradation increased with increase in frequency and almost 100% degradation was achieved at 0.75 s−1, 0.5 s−1 or 0.25 s−1, with 3.3, 4.7 or 6.0 cm amplitudes respectively and hence the vibrational velocity (amplitude*frequency) was found to influence the steady state performance of the reactor. It was found that optimum vibrational velocities need to be fixed for maximum removal efficiency of the bioreactor depending on the influent phenol concentration.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Phenol by Bacillus simplex: Characterization and Kinetics Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mousa K. Magharbeh ◽  
◽  
Khaled M Khleifat ◽  
Mohammad A. Al-kafaween ◽  
Razan Saraireh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Bacillus Simplex ◽  
Haldane Model ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration

Phenol is one of the main pollutants that have a serious impact on the environment and can even be very critical to human health. The biodegradation of phenol can be considered an increasingly important pollution control process. In this study, the degradation of phenol by Bacillus simplex was investigated for the first time under different growth conditions. Six different initial concentrations of phenol were used as the primary substrate. Culture conditions had an important effect on these cells' ability to biodegrade phenol. The best growth of this organism and its highest biodegradation level of phenol were noticed at pH 7, temperature 28 °C, and periods of 36 and 96 h, respectively. The GC-MS analysis of the bacterial culture sample revealed that further degradation of the catechol by 1,2-dioxygenase produce a cis, cis-mucconic acid via ortho-pathway and/or by 2,3-dioxygenase into 2-hydroxymucconic semialdehyde via meta-pathway. The highest biodegradation rate was perceived at 700 mg/L initial phenol concentration. Approximately 90% of the phenol (700 mg / L) was removed in less than 96 hours of incubation time. It was found that the Haldane model best fitted the relationship between the specific growth rate and the initial phenol concentration, whereas the phenol biodegradation profiles with time could be adequately described by the modified Gompertz model. The obtained parameters from the Haldane equation are: 1.05 h−1, 9.14 ppm, and 329 ppm for Haldane's maximum specific growth rate, the half-saturation coefficient, and the Haldane’s growth kinetics inhibition coefficient, respectively. The Haldane equation fitted the experimental data by minimizing the sum of squared error (SSR) to 1.36 X 10-3.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PH ON PHENOL BIODEGRADATION BY A NEWLY IDENTIFIED SERRATIA SP. AQ5-03

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
A. Aisami ◽  
N. A. Yasid ◽  
W. L. W. Johari ◽  
S. A. Ahmad ◽  
M. Y. Shukor
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
Local Soil

Phenol is mainly used by the industries to produce a variety of chemical products such as resins, textiles, pesticides, plastics and explosive. The wide use of phenol and other phenolic compounds by industries, has resulted in an increased presence of these toxic compounds in the environment as pollutants. Bio-removal of phenol by microorganisms especially bacteria has been demonstrated to be the most effective and economical approach compared to physio-chemical methods. The search for efficient phenol-degraders especially local sources to remediate local phenol pollution is important as indigenous bacteria usually have better survival and resilient to local geographical conditions. In this study, a phenol-degrading microorganism was isolated from local soil and waste water bodies. Identification was carried out using gram staining, 16s rRNA gene sequencing and molecular phylogeny analysis using the Phylip software. The isolates were inoculated in mineral salt media with 0.5 g/L phenol as the sole source of carbon. Phenol degradation was determined using 4-amino antipyrine method. Physical and cultural conditions influencing phenol degradation such as pH and temperature were optimized via one-factor-at-a-time. Through phylogeny analysis, the isolate was identified as Serratia sp. and the sequence was deposited the NCBI Genebank and accession number KT693287 was assigned to the bacteria. The highest degradation was achieved at pH 7.5 (phosphate buffer) and temperature of 30°C. Ammonium sulphate was established to be the best nitrogen source at the concentration of 0.4 g/L and a sodium chloride concentration of 0.15 g/L. Aisami, A. | Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

scholarly journals Phenol removal by enhanced electrocoagulation process with persulfate salt

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1592-1598
Author(s):  
Sameh Abdelfattah Araby Ahmed ◽  
Elena S. Gogina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Initial Phenol Concentration ◽  
Robust Process

Introduction. Phenol is classified as priority pollutant. Phenol and its derivatives are stable in water, environmental contamination, and health concerns that are used as raw material in many chemical industries. This study investigated the removal of phenol by the reactivity of free sulfate radicals (SO4•–), activated by electrochemically generated Fe2+/Fe3+ ions which furthermore are evaluated to destroy phenol in aqueous solution. Materials and methods. In the present experimental study, electrocoagulation reactor by iron electrodes is used in the pre­sence of persulfate ions to phenol removing from aqueous solutions. In this regard, the effect of four independent variables including pH, electric current, persulfate dosage, and initial phenol concentration were studied on phenol removal. Results. The study determined the optimum conditions for maximum phenol removal using electro-persulfate process (EPS) as pH 3, 7.4 mM persulfate dosage, 27.78 mA/cm2 current density, and 100 mg/L initial phenol concentration at 30-min reaction time. The results showed that the efficiency of phenol removal was directly related to the initial persulfate dosage. In addition, the pH values, less than the phenol pKa, has slight effect onto the phenol removal. However, it was inversely correlated with a highly alkaline pH and higher phenol concentration. Conclusions. The study concluded that electro-persulfate process is an effective and robust process that can be used for handling of phenol containing wastewater.

Accelerated Phenol Removal by Amplifying the Metabolic Pathway with a Recombinant Plasmid Encoding Catechol 2, 3 Oxygenase

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2191-2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fujita ◽  
M. Ike ◽  
T. Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Recombinant Plasmid ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Phenol Removal

The metabolic pathway of the phenol degradation in Pseudomonasputida BH was amplified by introducing the recombinant plasmid containing catechol 2,3 oxygenase gene isolated fron the chromosome of BH. This strain could degrade phenol and grow much faster than the wild strain at the phenol concentration of 100mg/L. This strain seems to accelerate the phenol removal rate if it is applied to the treatment of wastewater containing phenol.

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