Performance of biochar derived from rice straw for removal of Ni(II) in batch experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-834
Author(s):  
Lijia Dong ◽  
Wensheng Linghu ◽  
Donglin Zhao ◽  
Yinyan Mou ◽  
Baowei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Endothermic Process

Abstract Biochar, as a cost-efficient adsorbent, is of major interest in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Herein, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the performance of biochar derived from rice straw for the removal of Ni(II) as a function of various environmental conditions. The results showed that Ni(II) sorption was strongly dependent on pH but independent of ionic strength and the effects of electrolyte ions could be negligible over the whole pH range. Ionic exchange and inner-sphere surface complexation dominated the sorption of Ni(II). Humic/fulvic acids clearly enhanced the Ni(II) sorption at pH <7.2 but inhibited the sorption at pH >7.2. The sorption reached equilibrium within 10 hours, and the kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order rate model. Any of the Langmuir, Freundlich, or Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models could describe the sorption well, but the Langmuir model described it best. The maximum sorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 0.257 m·mol/g. The thermodynamic parameters suggested that Ni(II) sorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process and was enhanced at high temperature. The results of this work indicate that biochar derived from rice straw may be a valuable bio-sorbent for Ni(II) in aqueous solutions, but it still requires further modification.

Adsorption of CuCl2 on Mg-Al HTlc: Effect of EDTA and Addition Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Yun Bo Zang ◽  
Nai Ying Wu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, removal of copper ions from aqueous solutions by synthetic Mg-Al-HTlc was investigated as a function of contact time, EDTA and addition sequences at room temperature. It is found that HTlc could reduced copper ions concentration effectively. The kinetics closely fit pseudo-second order kinetics with necessary time 9 h to reach equilibrium. The sorption process followed langmuir model. The maximum sorption capacity calculated was found to be 39.4 mg/g. The presence of EDTA and addition sequences could affect sorption of Cu(II) onto HTlc.

scholarly journals Batch Study for Insecticide Carbofuran Adsorption onto Palm-Oil-Fronds-Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jassem M. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Batch Study ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency

The adsorption of insecticide, carbofuran from aqueous solution onto activated carbon derived from palm oil fronds (PFAC) was investigated through batch study. The effects of both initial concentration and pH of the carbofuran over the range of 25 to 250 mg/L and 2 to 12, respectively, on the adsorption of the prepared PFAC were studied in batch experiments. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir, the Freundlich, and the Temkin isotherm models. The results obtained from application of these models show that the best fits were achieved with the Langmuir model, and a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 164 mg/g was obtained at 30°C. The regeneration efficiency of spent activated carbon was studied and it was found to be 90.0–96.4%. The results indicated that PFAC has good capability as adsorbent for the removal of carbofuran from aqueous solutions.

Thermodynamics of Fluoride Adsorption onto Magnesia-Amended Activated Carbon

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 960-963
Author(s):  
Zhi Li He
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Equations ◽  
Scanning Electron

Removal of fluoride from drinking water using magnesia-amended activated carbon (MgO-AC) was investigated. The MgO-AC was characterized scanning electron microscope (SEM). Attempts were made to fit the isothermal data using Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The experimental results have demonstrated that the equilibrium data are fitted well by a Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum sorption capacity of fluoride evaluated is 7.22 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters of ∆G0, ∆H0 and ∆S0 show that the adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process.

Co-pyrolysis of rice straw with industrial wastes: Waste disposal and environmental remediation

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110270
Author(s):  
Yong-Deuk Seo ◽  
Tae-Cheol Seo ◽  
Seok-Young Oh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Barium Chromate ◽  
Sulfur Containing

To reduce waste volumes and recover valuable products, char was synthesized via co-pyrolysis of rice straw (RS) with spent tires, sulfur wastes, and CO2. The inclusion of wastes and CO2 in pyrolysis of RS was hypothesized to enhance the sorption ability of char for various contaminants, including 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), lead, barium, chromate (CrO42−), and selenate (SeO42−). Using a lab-scale electrical furnace, the co-pyrolysis was conducted, and the soprtion capacity of char was evaluated via a series of batch sorption experiments. The maximum sorption capacity of spent tire–RS char for DNT was 16.8 ± 0.2 mg g−1, much higher than that of RS biochar (10.1 ± 0.3 mg g−1) due to increasing carbon content from the spent tires. The sorption of DCP to the spent tire–RS char was also enhanced via hydrophobic sorption to carbon residues, although not to the same degree of DNT due to deprotonation of the DCP. Compared with RS biochar, co-pyrolysis with raw sulfur wastes and CO2 enhanced sorption of lead, barium, and chromate, which can be attributed to increased cation and anion exchange capacities resulting from developments of oxygen or sulfur-containing functional groups. Sorption of selenate was strongly affected by pH. The results suggest that co-pyrolysis of agricultural and industrial wastes and CO2 is a promising option for the final waste disposal and the production of valuable char, which can be selectively customized for various types of contaminants as sorbents.

scholarly journals Boron Removal by Sorption on Modified Chitosan Hydrogel Beads

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5646
Author(s):  
Joanna Kluczka ◽  
Gabriela Dudek ◽  
Wojciech Pudło ◽  
Alicja Kazek-Kęsik ◽  
Roman Turczyn
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Hydrogel Beads ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Naoh Solution

An excess concentration of boron in irrigation and drinking water can negatively affect the yield of plants and the human nervous system, respectively. To meet the recommended levels, hybrid biosorbent hydrogel beads based on chitosan and manganese (II-IV) were employed for the removal of boron from aqueous media. The results showed that the biosorbent effectively removed boric acid from the aqueous medium at neutral pH over a sorption time of 2 h and the liquid/hydrogel ratio of 20 mL/g, achieving a maximum sorption capacity near 190 mg/g. The modeling of the sorption equilibrium data indicated that the Freundlich isotherm equation gave the best fit out of the isotherm models examined. A pseudo-second-order model was found to best describe the sorption kinetics. The favorable attachment of manganese to the chitosan structure enabled the sorption of boron and was confirmed by FTIR, RS, XRD, SEM and ICP-OES methods. Boron desorption from the spent biosorbent was successfully achieved in three cycles using a NaOH solution. In general, the results of this research indicate that this method is one of the possibilities for improving water quality and may contribute to reducing pollution of the aquatic environment.

scholarly journals Enhanced Removal of Lead by Chemically and Biologically Treated Carbonaceous Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Mahmoud ◽  
Maher M. Osman ◽  
Somia B. Ahmed ◽  
Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Microscope Imaging ◽  
Carbonaceous Sorbents ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms

Hybrid sorbents and biosorbents were synthesized via chemical and biological treatment of active carbon by simple and direct redox reaction followed by surface loading of baker’s yeast. Surface functionality and morphology of chemically and biologically modified sorbents and biosorbents were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis and scanning electron microscope imaging. Hybrid carbonaceous sorbents and biosorbents were characterized by excellent efficiency and superiority toward lead(II) sorption compared to blank active carbon providing a maximum sorption capacity of lead(II) ion as 500 μmol g−1. Sorption processes of lead(II) by these hybrid materials were investigated under the influence of several controlling parameters such as pH, contact time, mass of sorbent and biosorbent, lead(II) concentration, and foreign ions. Lead(II) sorption mechanisms were found to obey the Langmuir and BET isotherm models. The potential applications of chemically and biologically modified-active carbonaceous materials for removal and extraction of lead from real water matrices were also studied via a double-stage microcolumn technique. The results of this study were found to denote to superior recovery values of lead (95.0–99.0±3.0–5.0%) by various carbonaceous-modified-bakers yeast biosorbents.

scholarly journals Equilibrium isotherm studies of copper and zinc removal from model solutions using natural and alkaline treated hornbeam sawdust

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Zdenka Kováčová ◽  
Štefan Demčák ◽  
Magdaléna Bálintová
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Zinc Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Fourier Transform

AbstractIn the present study, sawdust an industrial by-product available in large quantities as sorbent material was studied. The removal adsorption capacity of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from aquatic solutions was obtained. The batch experiments were carried out to determine the effect of initial concentration of copper/zinc solution at pH=4.0 onto natural hornbeam and hornbeam modified with NaOH and KOH. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determined the changes in functional groups after the modification of sawdust. The equilibrium data were fitted with four isotherm models - Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin– Radushkevich. The Langmuir model was found to be most suitable and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained for modified hornbeam sawdust was 2 to 4-times higher as in natural one for both heavy metals.

scholarly journals Stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils of tidal swamplands is influenced by the types and the amounts of organic matter application

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Saidy ◽  
I Khairullah ◽  
M Septiana ◽  
E Triatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Eichornia Crassipes

<p>Farmers in tidal swamplands annually added organic matter (OM) onto the raised beds to maintain organic matter contents and thereby maintain soil productivity of the raised beds. This experiment aimed to study the influence of the types and the amounts of OM on the stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils. Four types of OM: rice straw, eceng gondok (<em>Eichornia crassipes</em>), purun tikus  (<em>Eleocharis dulcis</em>) and mixed  rice straw-eceng gondok were added to a 27-year raised bed soil with 4 different rates: 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0  of maximum sorption capacity (Q<sub>max</sub>), and the OM stabilization was quantified after 10 weeks of OM addition.  Results of this study showed with the exception of rice straw, OM addition to soil resulted in increases in the mineralization of soil OM thereby inducing priming effect. Addition of rice straw at rate of 0.5 of Q<sub>max</sub> resulted in stabilization of 46% added OM, while only 30% and 37% of added OM was stabilized when OM was added to soils at rates of 1.0 and 2.0 Q<sub>max</sub>, respectively.  This study showed that the stabilization of OM in raised bed soils were influenced by the chemical composition of OM and the amount of added OM.</p>

scholarly journals Green Preparation of Nanoporous Pyrrhotite by Thermal Treatment of Pyrite as an Effective Hg(Ⅱ) Adsorbent: Performance and Mechanism

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Lu ◽  
Tianhu Chen ◽  
Haibo Liu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Shuchuan Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Natural Pyrite

The removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solutions by pyrrhotite derived from the thermal activation of natural pyrite was explored by batch experiments. The adsorption isotherms demonstrated that the sorption of Hg(II) by modified pyrite (MPy) can be fitted well by the Langmuir model. The removal capacity of Hg(II) on MPy derived from the Langmuir model was determined to 166.67 mg/g. The adsorption process of Hg(II) on MPy was well fitted by a pseudo-second-order model. The sorption of Hg(II) on MPy was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The removal of Hg(II) by MPy was mainly attributed to a chemical reaction resulting in cinnabar formation and the electrostatic attraction between the negative charges in MPy and positive charges of Hg(II). The results of our work suggest that the thermal activation of natural pyrite is greatly important for the effective utilization of ore resources for the removal of Hg(II).

Sorption of Cd2+ Ions From Aqueous Solutions on Organic Wastes / Sorpcja Jonów Cd2+ Z Roztworów Wodnych Na Odpadach Organicznych

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-686
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Bożęcka ◽  
Stanisława Sanak-Rydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Natural Sorbent ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Walnut Shells ◽  
Maximum Sorption

Abstract This article presents the results of research on the Cd2+ ions sorption from model aqueous solutions on sunflower hulls, walnut shells and plum stones. The effect of various factors, such as mass of the natural sorbent, the pH, the time and the temperature was studied. The process of Cd2+ ions sorption on studied sorbents was described by the Langmuir model. The best sorption capacity has been achieved for sunflower hulls. The maximum sorption capacity for this material was 19.93 mg/g.

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