Co-pyrolysis of rice straw with industrial wastes: Waste disposal and environmental remediation

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110270
Author(s):  
Yong-Deuk Seo ◽  
Tae-Cheol Seo ◽  
Seok-Young Oh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Barium Chromate ◽  
Sulfur Containing

To reduce waste volumes and recover valuable products, char was synthesized via co-pyrolysis of rice straw (RS) with spent tires, sulfur wastes, and CO2. The inclusion of wastes and CO2 in pyrolysis of RS was hypothesized to enhance the sorption ability of char for various contaminants, including 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP), lead, barium, chromate (CrO42−), and selenate (SeO42−). Using a lab-scale electrical furnace, the co-pyrolysis was conducted, and the soprtion capacity of char was evaluated via a series of batch sorption experiments. The maximum sorption capacity of spent tire–RS char for DNT was 16.8 ± 0.2 mg g−1, much higher than that of RS biochar (10.1 ± 0.3 mg g−1) due to increasing carbon content from the spent tires. The sorption of DCP to the spent tire–RS char was also enhanced via hydrophobic sorption to carbon residues, although not to the same degree of DNT due to deprotonation of the DCP. Compared with RS biochar, co-pyrolysis with raw sulfur wastes and CO2 enhanced sorption of lead, barium, and chromate, which can be attributed to increased cation and anion exchange capacities resulting from developments of oxygen or sulfur-containing functional groups. Sorption of selenate was strongly affected by pH. The results suggest that co-pyrolysis of agricultural and industrial wastes and CO2 is a promising option for the final waste disposal and the production of valuable char, which can be selectively customized for various types of contaminants as sorbents.

scholarly journals Metal Doping Silicates as Inorganic Ion Exchange Materials for Environmental Remediation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Mohamed Abou-Mesalam ◽  
Mohamed Ragab Abass ◽  
Essam Saleh Zakaria ◽  
Ali Mostafa Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Inorganic Ion ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model

Abstract Titano-silicate (TiSi) and in-situ dopped composites were obtained by precipitation technique. The composition of these materials was established by IR, XRD, TGA&DTA, and XRF. The capacity for Co(II), & Cd(II) ions revealed that Co-TiSi & Cd-TiSi is a higher capacity than those obtained for TiSi by 1.81, & 1.41 values, respectively. To explore the separation potentiality of Co-TiSi for studied cations distribution coefficients in HNO3 were estimated. Langmuir isotherm model is the most representative for discussing the sorption process with a maximum sorption capacity of 16.02, and 10.96 mg/g for Co(II), & Cd(II) ions, respectively. Co-TiSi is suitable for the column technique for the recovery of studied cations. The investigation proved that Co-TiSi composite is suitable for the uptake of the studied ions from liquid solutions and could be considered as potential material for the refining of effluent polluted with these ions.

scholarly journals Antimonate Sequestration from Aqueous Solution Using Zirconium, Iron and Zirconium-iron Modified Biochars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Aminur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mezbaul Bahar ◽  
Peter Sanderson ◽  
Dane Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Anions And Cations ◽  
Sorption Study

Abstract Antimony (Sb) is increasingly being recognized as an important contaminant due to its various industrial applications and mining operations. Environmental remediation approaches for Sb are still lacking, as is the understanding of Sb environmental chemistry. In this study, biosolid biochar (BSBC) was produced and utilized to remove antimonate (Sb(V)) from aqueous solution. Zirconium (Zr), Zirconium-iron (Zr-Fe) and Fe-O coated BSBC were synthesized for enhancing Sb(V) sorption capacities of BSBC. The combined results of specific surface area, FTIR, SEM-EDS, TEM-EDS, and XPS confirmed that Zr and/or Zr-Fe were successfully coated onto BSBC. The effects of reaction time, pH, initial Sb(V) concentration, adsorbate doses, ionic strength, temperature, and the influence of major competitive co-existing anions and cations on the adsorption of Sb(V) were investigated. The maximum sorption capacity of Zr-O, Zr-Fe, Zr-FeCl3, Fe-O, and FeCl3 coated BSBC were 66.67, 98.04, 85.47, 39.68, and 31.54 mg/g respectively under acidic conditions. The XPS results revealed redox transformation of Sb(V) species to Sb(III) occurred under oxic conditions, demonstrating the biochar’s ability to behave as an electron shuttle during sorption. The sorption study suggest that Zr-O and Zr-O-Fe coated BSBC could perform as favourable adsorbents for mitigating Sb(V) contaminated waters.

scholarly journals Stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils of tidal swamplands is influenced by the types and the amounts of organic matter application

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Saidy ◽  
I Khairullah ◽  
M Septiana ◽  
E Triatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Eichornia Crassipes

<p>Farmers in tidal swamplands annually added organic matter (OM) onto the raised beds to maintain organic matter contents and thereby maintain soil productivity of the raised beds. This experiment aimed to study the influence of the types and the amounts of OM on the stabilization of organic matter in the raised-bed soils. Four types of OM: rice straw, eceng gondok (<em>Eichornia crassipes</em>), purun tikus  (<em>Eleocharis dulcis</em>) and mixed  rice straw-eceng gondok were added to a 27-year raised bed soil with 4 different rates: 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0  of maximum sorption capacity (Q<sub>max</sub>), and the OM stabilization was quantified after 10 weeks of OM addition.  Results of this study showed with the exception of rice straw, OM addition to soil resulted in increases in the mineralization of soil OM thereby inducing priming effect. Addition of rice straw at rate of 0.5 of Q<sub>max</sub> resulted in stabilization of 46% added OM, while only 30% and 37% of added OM was stabilized when OM was added to soils at rates of 1.0 and 2.0 Q<sub>max</sub>, respectively.  This study showed that the stabilization of OM in raised bed soils were influenced by the chemical composition of OM and the amount of added OM.</p>

Performance of biochar derived from rice straw for removal of Ni(II) in batch experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-834
Author(s):  
Lijia Dong ◽  
Wensheng Linghu ◽  
Donglin Zhao ◽  
Yinyan Mou ◽  
Baowei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Endothermic Process

Abstract Biochar, as a cost-efficient adsorbent, is of major interest in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Herein, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the performance of biochar derived from rice straw for the removal of Ni(II) as a function of various environmental conditions. The results showed that Ni(II) sorption was strongly dependent on pH but independent of ionic strength and the effects of electrolyte ions could be negligible over the whole pH range. Ionic exchange and inner-sphere surface complexation dominated the sorption of Ni(II). Humic/fulvic acids clearly enhanced the Ni(II) sorption at pH &lt;7.2 but inhibited the sorption at pH &gt;7.2. The sorption reached equilibrium within 10 hours, and the kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order rate model. Any of the Langmuir, Freundlich, or Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models could describe the sorption well, but the Langmuir model described it best. The maximum sorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir model was 0.257 m·mol/g. The thermodynamic parameters suggested that Ni(II) sorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process and was enhanced at high temperature. The results of this work indicate that biochar derived from rice straw may be a valuable bio-sorbent for Ni(II) in aqueous solutions, but it still requires further modification.

scholarly journals Antimonate sequestration from aqueous solution using zirconium, iron and zirconium-iron modified biochars

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Aminur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mezbaul Bahar ◽  
Peter Sanderson ◽  
Dane Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Environmental Chemistry ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Anions And Cations ◽  
Sorption Study

AbstractAntimony (Sb) is increasingly being recognized as an important contaminant due to its various industrial applications and mining operations. Environmental remediation approaches for Sb are still lacking, as is the understanding of Sb environmental chemistry. In this study, biosolid biochar (BSBC) was produced and utilized to remove antimonate (Sb(V)) from aqueous solution. Zirconium (Zr), Zirconium-iron (Zr–Fe) and Fe–O coated BSBC were synthesized for enhancing Sb(V) sorption capacities of BSBC. The combined results of specific surface area, FTIR, SEM–EDS, TEM–EDS, and XPS confirmed that Zr and/or Zr–Fe were successfully coated onto BSBC. The effects of reaction time, pH, initial Sb(V) concentration, adsorbate doses, ionic strength, temperature, and the influence of major competitive co-existing anions and cations on the adsorption of Sb(V) were investigated. The maximum sorption capacity of Zr–O, Zr–Fe, Zr–FeCl3, Fe–O, and FeCl3 coated BSBC were 66.67, 98.04, 85.47, 39.68, and 31.54 mg/g respectively under acidic conditions. The XPS results revealed redox transformation of Sb(V) species to Sb(III) occurred under oxic conditions, demonstrating the biochar’s ability to behave as an electron shuttle during sorption. The sorption study suggests that Zr–O and Zr–O–Fe coated BSBC could perform as favourable adsorbents for mitigating Sb(V) contaminated waters.

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

scholarly journals Phosphate Removal Using Polyethylenimine Functionalized Silica-Based Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Maria Xanthopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios Giliopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Tzollas ◽  
Konstantinos S. Triantafyllidis ◽  
Margaritis Kostoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Phosphate Anions ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

In water and wastewater, phosphate anions are considered critical contaminants because they cause algae blooms and eutrophication. The present work aims at studying the removal of phosphate anions from aqueous solutions using silica particles functionalized with polyethylenimine. The parameters affecting the adsorption process such as pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competitive anions, such as carbonate, nitrate, sulfate and chromate ions, were studied. Equilibrium studies were carried out to determine their sorption capacity and the rate of phosphate ions uptake. The adsorption isotherm data fitted well with the Langmuir and Sips model. The maximum sorption capacity was 41.1 mg/g at pH 5, which decreased slightly at pH 7. The efficiency of phosphate removal adsorption increased at lower pH values and by increasing the adsorbent dose. The maximum phosphate removal was 80% for pH 5 and decreased to 75% for pH 6, to 73% for pH 7 and to 70% for pH 8, for initial phosphate concentration at about 1 mg/L and for a dose of adsorbent 100 mg/L. The removal rate was increased with the increase of the adsorbent dose. For example, for initial phosphate concentration of 4 mg/L the removal rate increased from 40% to 80% by increasing the dose from 0.1 to 2.0 g/L at pH 7. The competitive anions adversely affected phosphate removal. Though they were also found to be removed to a certain extent. Their co-removal provided an adsorbent which might be very useful for treating waters with low-level multiple contaminant occurrence in natural or engineered aquatic systems.

scholarly journals Modified Exfoliated Carbon Nanoplatelets as Sorbents for Ammonium from Natural Mineral Waters

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3541
Author(s):  
Ion Ion ◽  
Daniela Bogdan ◽  
Monica Maria Mincu ◽  
Alina Catrinel Ion
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Mineral Waters ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Sorption Mechanism ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Sorption Characteristic ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption

In this manuscript an improved sorbent based on modified exfoliated carbon nanoplatelets, applied in the removal of ammonium from aqueous samples, is presented. This sorbent showed better efficiency in comparison with the previous one obtained in our group for ammonium removal, the values of the maximum sorption capacity being improved from 10 to 12.04 mg/g. In terms of kinetics and sorption characteristic parameters, their values were also improved. Based on these results, a sorption mechanism was proposed, taking into account ion-exchange and chemisorption processes at the surface of the oxidized exfoliated carbon nanoplatelets. Future applications for simultaneous removal of other positive charged contaminants from natural waters might be possible.

Sorption Profile of Hg(II) onto Mixed Phase of Copper Sulphide and Copper Sulphate

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 537-546
Author(s):  
Yow Loo Au Yoong ◽  
Pei Lay Yap ◽  
Muralithran G. Kutty ◽  
Olaf Timpe ◽  
Malte Behrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Surface Complexation ◽  
Mixed Phase ◽  
Copper Sulphide ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Sorption Behaviour ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Equilibrium Data

The use of surface oxidized covellite (CuS), namely mixed phase copper sulphide (CuS and CuSO4) was studied for the removal of mercury from aqueous solution under the effect of various reaction parameters (pH, time, Hg(II) concentration). From batch sorption studies, the equilibrium data revealed that the sorption behaviour of Hg(II) onto mixed phase copper sulphide follows well with Langmuir isotherm and the maximum sorption capacity (Qmax) determined ≈ 400mg Hg(II) /g of sorbent. Meanwhile, all the unreacted and reacted mixed phase copper sulphides were also characterized by Powder XRD, SEM and XPS techniques. The results indicated that the sorption of Hg(II) onto mixed phase copper sulphide occurs initially through the dissolution of surface oxidized CuSO4layer. After that, the surface complexation product formed and sorbed onto the surface of CuS. These outcomes suggest the potential ability of CuS in removing Hg(II) even if the CuS layer is being surrounded by oxidized layer of CuSO4.

Canning Waste Disposal INDUSTRIAL WASTES.

1953 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 101A-103A
Author(s):  
Harold R. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Industrial Wastes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document