Highlights Regarding The Use Of Metallic Nanoparticles Against Pathogens Considered A Priority By The World Health Organization

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Bento da Silva ◽  
Victor Hugo Sousa Araújo ◽  
Bruno Fonseca-Santos ◽  
Mariana Cristina Solcia ◽  
Camila Maringolo Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The World ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Health Organization

: The indiscriminate use of antibiotics has facilitated the growing resistance of bacteria, and this has become a serious public health problem worldwide. Several microorganisms are still resistant to multiple antibiotics, and are particularly dangerous in the hospital and nursing home environment, and to patients whose care requires devices such as ventilators and intravenous catheters. A list of twelve pathogenic genera, which especially included bacteria that were not affected by different antibiotics, was released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017, and the research and development of new antibiotics against these genera has been considered a priority. Nanotechnology is a tool that offers an effective platform for altering the physical-chemical properties of different materials, thereby enabling the development of several biomedical applications. Owing to their large surface area and high reactivity, metallic particles on the nanometric scale have remarkable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Nanoparticles with sizes between 1 and 100 nm have several applications, mainly as new antimicrobial agents for the control of microorganisms. In the present review, more than 200 reports of various metallic nanoparticles, especially those containing copper, gold, platinum, silver, titanium, and zinc were analyzed with regard to their antibacterial activity. However, of these 200 studies, only 42 reported about trials conducted against the resistant bacteria considered a priority by the WHO. All studies are in the initial stage, and none are in the clinical phase of research.

scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism as a Targetable Metabolic Vulnerability in Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Yekaterina Zaytseva
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Colorectal cancer (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths according to the World Health Organization, remains a substantial public health problem worldwide [...]

Antimicrobial stewardship in equine practice

UK-Vet Equine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
David Rendle ◽  
Sarah Gough
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
One Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Veterinary Profession ◽  
The World ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Health Organization

The veterinary profession's use of critically important antimicrobials is a One Health issue that has come under the scrutiny of the World Health Organization and the European Parliament. Failure by the veterinary profession to demonstrate the ability to self-regulate may result in restriction on the freedom to dispense antimicrobials, in an effort to protect human health. The implementation of such legislation would have a considerable impact on veterinary practices and would likely impair our ability to treat some conditions. These concerns, and the increasing frequency of multi-resistant bacterial infections in equine patients, should prompt implementation and audit of antimicrobial stewardship practices and measures to limit the development and spread of multi-resistant bacteria.

Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Konsumsi Tablet FE Pada Saat Menstruasi Pengan Anemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Rizka Angrainy ◽  
Lidia Fitri ◽  
Vipit Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

<p><em><em><em>Anemia is a public health problem in the world. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), anemia cases occur 24.8% of the population and an estimated 50-80% of anemia is caused by iron deficiency. Anemia most often occurs in adolescents during menstruation and can be prevented by consuming Fe tablets. Initial survey of 10 female students showed most do not know about consuming Fe tablets during menstruation and 3 of them have Hb below 12 g%. The purpose of research to know the relationship of the adolescent knowledge about consuming fe tablets when menstrual with anemia in Junior High School 20 Pekanbaru 2018. The research design is quantitative Analitic with Cross Sectional approach.The population in this research amounted to 148 people with sampling using technique is purposive sampling as many as 86 people. The data obtained from the questionnaire and Hb measurements on the respondents.The statistical analysis used chi-square. The result of univariate analysis showed that most of the respondents (59,3%) had good knowledge about consuming Fe tablets during menstruation and the majority of respondents (84,3%) is not anemic. Test result obtained P Value &lt; α (0,001&lt;0,05), and it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between of the adolescent knowledge about consuming Fe tablets when menstrual with anemia.</em></em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat diseluruh dunia. Menurut World Health Organization (WHO), kasus anemia terjadi 24,8% dari populasi dan diperkirakan sekitar 50-80% anemia disebabkan oleh defisiensi besi. Anemia paling sering terjadi pada remaja saat menstruasi dan dapat dicegah dengan mengonsumsi tablet Fe. Survei awal terhadap 10 siswi menunjukkan sebagian besar tidak mengetahui tentang konsumsi tablet Fe pada saat menstruasi dan 3 diantaranya memiliki Hb dibawah 12 gr%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang  konsumsi tablet Fe pada saat menstruasi dengan anemia di SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Jenis penelitian Analitik Kuantitatif dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi sebanyak 148 orang dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 86 orang. Data penelitian diperoleh dari kuesioner dan pengukuran Hb. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian sebagian besar responden 59,3% memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang mengonsumsi tablet Fe pada saat menstruasi dan mayoritas responden 84,3% tidak anemia. Hasil uji diperoleh Pvalue  &lt; α (0,001&lt;0,05) dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan remaja putri tentang konsumsi tablet Fe pada saat menstruasi dengan anemia.</em></p>

scholarly journals A Prevalência de Pré-Obesidade/Obesidade nas Crianças do Ensino Pré-Escolar e Escolar na Autarquia de Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Camarinha ◽  
Pedro Graça ◽  
Paulo Jorge Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Over 30% of Portuguese children present overweight. Being a serious public health problem with multiple causes, only a cross-sectorial and concerted action could contribute to their resolution. Municipalities have a set of skills that make them ideal for effective intervention in the fight against this problem. For this action to be effective there must be a local assessment of the extent of the problem and their spatial distribution. The aim of this study was to characterize, from the point of view of the prevalence of overweight, the population of pre-school and first cycle basic education under the responsibility of the municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia, the third most populous municipality in the country.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Were evaluated 8 974 pre and basic-school children, in school year 2013/14. The assessment of the nutritional status of the sample was made using anthropometric measures height and weight. In the classification of nutritional status was considered z-scores or percentiles of body mass index for age according to the World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Obesity Task Force.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of overweight by the World Health Organization requirements was 37.4%. There were some disparities in the distribution of overweight in schools of the municipality.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> The results were slightly higher than those of other national and international studies, being the sampling size the possible justification for the differences founded.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence found is high and with irregular geographical distribution, which could help identifying the main causes of the problem at the local level.</p>

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Literature on Colistin Resistance: 1947-2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhat Sirekbasan ◽  
Serap Süzük Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is defined as a global public health problem. The World Health Organization aims to raise awareness among users and policy makers by grouping both critically importantl antibiotics and resistant bacteria. In this study, it is aimed to make the bibliometric evaluation of of the literature on the resistance of colistin. Method: Specific keywords associated with colistin resistance were used in Scopus database covering the period between 1947, and 2019. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of retrieved data were presented using appropriate bibliometric indicators, the number, and language of the publications, the countries that contributed mostly to the literature, the most influential institutions, the most frequently cited publications, active writers and active journals. Results: A total of 1454 articles were evaluated. Although the number of articles showed an increase from 2009 to 2015, it was determined that the increases after 2015 were quite dramatical. The most common language in the published articles was English (95.75%) followed by Chinese (1.16%). The United States of America (USA) contributed mostly with 21.46% of the articles followed by China with 16.02% of articles. Approximately 13% of the retrieved articles on colistin resistance were published in the journal of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Conclusion: There has been a dramatical increase in the number of publications on the resistance to colistin, which came into use due to the widespread use of carbapenemases. This bibliometric study is expected to help health policy makers and researcher on the planning and development of policies regarding colistin.

scholarly journals World Health Organization Strategies to Reduce Smoking

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Nadia Aguilar Castro ◽  
Eduardo Hernández Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Educational Communication ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
The World ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
Health Organization

Today, tobacco is a serious public health problem considered a risk factor in chronic diseases and its complications. Tobacco habit is a risk factor completely modifiable, so it is important to quit this bad habit at all ages. Due to tobacco epidemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and the Monitor, Protect, Offer, Warn, Enforce and Raise (MPOWER) Brochures and the importance of the use of social marketing as a tool of educational communication to transmit health information clearly, and promote healthy lifestyles, reinforce knowledge, attitudes or behaviors.

scholarly journals A Prevalência de Pré-Obesidade/Obesidade nas Crianças do Ensino Pré-Escolar e Escolar na Autarquia de Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Bárbara Camarinha ◽  
Pedro Graça ◽  
Paulo Jorge Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Over 30% of Portuguese children present overweight. Being a serious public health problem with multiple causes, only a cross-sectorial and concerted action could contribute to their resolution. Municipalities have a set of skills that make them ideal for effective intervention in the fight against this problem. For this action to be effective there must be a local assessment of the extent of the problem and their spatial distribution. The aim of this study was to characterize, from the point of view of the prevalence of overweight, the population of pre-school and first cycle basic education under the responsibility of the municipality of Vila Nova de Gaia, the third most populous municipality in the country.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Were evaluated 8 974 pre and basic-school children, in school year 2013/14. The assessment of the nutritional status of the sample was made using anthropometric measures height and weight. In the classification of nutritional status was considered z-scores or percentiles of body mass index for age according to the World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and International Obesity Task Force.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of overweight by the World Health Organization requirements was 37.4%. There were some disparities in the distribution of overweight in schools of the municipality.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> The results were slightly higher than those of other national and international studies, being the sampling size the possible justification for the differences founded.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence found is high and with irregular geographical distribution, which could help identifying the main causes of the problem at the local level.</p>

scholarly journals Are We on Our Way to Achieving the 2020 Goals for Schistosomiasis Morbidity Control Using Current World Health Organization Guidelines?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. S245-S252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Toor ◽  
Ramzi Alsallaq ◽  
James E Truscott ◽  
Hugo C Turner ◽  
Marleen Werkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Coverage ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis remains an endemic parasitic disease affecting millions of people around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set goals of controlling morbidity to be reached by 2020, along with elimination as a public health problem in certain regions by 2025. Mathematical models of parasite transmission and treatment impact have been developed to assist in controlling the morbidity caused by schistosomiasis. These models can inform and guide implementation policy for mass drug administration programs, and help design monitoring and evaluation activities. Methods We use these models to predict whether the guidelines set by the WHO are on track for achieving their 2020 goal for the control of morbidity, specifically for Schistosoma mansoni. We examine whether programmatic adaptations; namely increases in treatment coverage and/or expansion to adult inclusion in treatment, will improve the likelihood of reaching the WHO goals. Results We find that in low-prevalence settings, the goals are likely to be attainable under current WHO guidelines, but in moderate to high-prevalence settings, the goals are less likely to be achieved unless treatment coverage is increased and expanded to at least 85% for school-aged children and 40% for adults. Conclusions To improve the likelihood of reaching the WHO goals, programmatic adaptations are required, particularly for moderate- to high-prevalence settings. Furthermore, improvements in adherence to treatment, potential development of candidate vaccines, and enhanced snail control and WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) measures will all assist in achieving the goals.

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