Insights into Potent Therapeutical Antileukemic Agent L-glutaminase Enzyme Under Solid-state Fermentation: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasai Potla Durthi ◽  
Madhuri Pola ◽  
Satish Babu Rajulapati ◽  
Anand Kishore Kola
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Production Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybridoma Technology ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Glutaminase Activity

Aim & objective: To review the applications and production studies of reported antileukemic drug L-glutaminase under Solid-state Fermentation (SSF). Overview: An amidohydrolase that gained economic importance because of its wide range of applications in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as the food industry, is L-glutaminase. The medical applications utilized it as an anti-tumor agent as well as an antiretroviral agent. L-glutaminase is employed in the food industry as an acrylamide degradation agent, as a flavor enhancer and for the synthesis of theanine. Another application includes its use in hybridoma technology as a biosensing agent. Because of its diverse applications, scientists are now focusing on enhancing the production and optimization of L-glutaminase from various sources by both Solid-state Fermentation (SSF) and submerged fermentation studies. Of both types of fermentation processes, SSF has gained importance because of its minimal cost and energy requirement. L-glutaminase can be produced by SSF from both bacteria and fungi. Single-factor studies, as well as multi-level optimization studies, were employed to enhance L-glutaminase production. It was concluded that L-glutaminase activity achieved by SSF was 1690 U/g using wheat bran and Bengal gram husk by applying feed-forward artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The highest L-glutaminase activity achieved under SSF was 3300 U/gds from Bacillus sp., by mixture design. Purification and kinetics studies were also reported to find the molecular weight as well as the stability of L-glutaminase. Conclusion: The current review is focused on the production of L-glutaminase by SSF from both bacteria and fungi. It was concluded from reported literature that optimization studies enhanced L-glutaminase production. Researchers have also confirmed antileukemic and anti-tumor properties of the purified L-glutaminase on various cell lines.

scholarly journals Growth and cutinase activity of Fusarium culmorum grown in solid-state fermentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Sofía Canavati-Alatorre ◽  
Israel Águila ◽  
Ilse Karina Barraza-Soltero ◽  
Elizabeth Castillón ◽  
Ana Laura Correa-Barrón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Wide Range

Cutinase is a very versatile enzyme due to the wide range of substrates that it can use. It has application in several biotechnological areas, acting as biocatalysts in the food industry, in detergents as well as in biodegradation of polymers and other toxic substances. In this research, glucose consumption, protein content, biomass and cutinase production by Fusarium culmorum were evaluated. Cutinolitic activity was observed using gel zymography. This fungus was grown on culture media containing glucose and different concentrations of apple cutin (0, 1, 3 and 10 g/L) in solid-state fermentation. F. culmorum showed the highest production of biomass, protein and cutinase in medium supplemented with 10 g of cutin/L. Glucose uptake was inversely proportional to the cutin concentration. Medium lacking cutin showed the fastest glucose consumption. Heavily stained bands were observed in the gel with increasing concentrations of cutin after 72 h, showing a molecular weight of 50 kDa. These results shown that apple cutin induced cutinase production and was also used as carbon source. It was also observed that glucose did not act as a repressor of cutinase production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Semi-Solid-State Fermentation of Elaeocarpus serratus L. Leaves and Black Soymilk by Lactobacillus plantarum on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Tsui ◽  
Chun-Yao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Fermented Product ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
The Stability

Elaeocarpus serratus L. leaves (EL) containing phenolic compounds and flavonoids, including myricitrin with pharmacological properties, could be valorized as nutritional additive in foods. In this study, the semi-solid-state fermentation of EL and black soymilk (BS) by Lactobacillus plantarum BCRC 10357 was investigated. Without adding EL in MRS medium, the β-glucosidase activity of L. plantarum quickly reduced to 2.33 ± 0.15 U/mL in 36 h of fermentation; by using 3% EL, the stability period of β-glucosidase activity was prolonged as 12.94 ± 0.69 U/mL in 12 h to 13.71 ± 0.94 in 36 h, showing positive response of the bacteria encountering EL. Using L. plantarum to ferment BS with 3% EL, the β-glucosidase activity increased to 23.78 ± 1.34 U/mL in 24 h, and in the fermented product extract (FPE), the content of myricitrin (2297.06 μg/g-FPE) and isoflavone aglycones (daidzein and genistein, 474.47 μg/g-FPE) at 48 h of fermentation were 1.61-fold and 1.95-fold of that before fermentation (at 0 h), respectively. Total flavonoid content, myricitrin, and ferric reducing antioxidant power in FPE using BS and EL were higher than that using EL alone. This study developed the potential fermented product of black soymilk using EL as a nutritional supplement with probiotics.

scholarly journals Optimization of Cultural Conditions for Solid State Fermentation of Amylase Production by Aspergillus species

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Bina Gautam ◽  
Tika B Karki ◽  
Om Prakash Panta
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Amylolytic Enzyme ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Amylase Production ◽  
Selection Of

Amylase is an amylolytic enzyme used in food industry which is generally produced by Aspergillus spp. under solid state fermentation. The present study is concerned with the isolation, screening and selection of suitable strains of Aspergillus spp. and optimization of cultural conditions for the biosynthesis of amylase. Rice and wheat brans were used as substrates which are readily available inexpensive raw materials for amylase production. From 85 samples of rice and wheat grains, 55 colonies obtained on potato dextrose agar (PDA) were suspected to be Aspergillus oryzae and only 35 colonies possessed the morphological characteristics similar to that of A. oryzae indicating the isolates were most likely the strains of A. oryzae. Of all the fungal isolates of Aspergillus spps., Asp.31 gave maximum production of amylase (720.782 IUgds-1) in solid state fermentation media. This strain was selected as a parental strain for optimization for cultural conditions. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS- 11.5 program. Of all the substrates (rice bran, wheat bran and their mixture), rice bran was the best for producing amylase of highest activity 611.614 IUgds-1.The highest enzyme activity of 698.749 IUgds-1 was observed at 50% initial moisture level of the substrate. The optimum temperature was 25°C for producing the crude amylase enzyme with amylase activity of 577.757 IUgds-1. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 14, No. 1 (2013) 67-74 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v14i1.8924

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Valorization of Agro-Food Industrial Residues by Solid-State Fermentation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Gordana Šelo ◽  
Mirela Planinić ◽  
Marina Tišma ◽  
Srećko Tomas ◽  
Daliborka Koceva Komlenić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Industrial Residues ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Of

Agro-food industrial residues (AFIRs) are generated in large quantities all over the world. The vast majority of these wastes are lignocellulosic wastes that are a source of value-added products. Technologies such as solid-state fermentation (SSF) for bioconversion of lignocellulosic waste, based on the production of a wide range of bioproducts, offer both economic and environmental benefits. The versatility of application and interest in applying the principles of the circular bioeconomy make SSF one of the valorization strategies for AFIRs that can have a significant impact on the environment of the wider community. Important criteria for SSF are the selection of the appropriate and compatible substrate and microorganism, as well as the selection of the optimal process parameters for the growth of the microorganism and the production of the desired metabolites. This review provides an overview of the management of AFIRs by SSF: the current application, classification, and chemical composition of AFIRs; the catalytic function and potential application of enzymes produced by various microorganisms during SSF cultivation on AFIRs; the production of phenolic compounds by SSF; and a brief insight into the role of SSF treatment of AFIRs for feed improvement and biofuel production.

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Animal Fat-By Products into ARA-Enriched Fermented Bioproducts by Solid-State Fermentation of Mortierella alpina

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondrej Slaný ◽  
Tatiana Klempová ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
Boris Zimmermann ◽  
Achim Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mortierella Alpina ◽  
Cell Factory ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
By Products

Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a powerful fermentation technology for valorizing rest materials and by-products of different origin. Oleaginous Zygomycetes fungi are often used in SSF as an effective cell factory able to valorize a wide range of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates and produce lipid-enriched bioproducts. In this study, for the first time, the strain Mortierella alpina was used in SSF for the bioconversion of animal fat by-products into high value fermented bioproducts enriched with arachidonic acid (ARA). Two cereals-based matrixes mixed with four different concentrations of animal fat by-product were evaluated for finding optimal conditions of a fat-based SSF. All obtained fermented bioproducts were found to be enriched with ARA. The highest substrate utilization (25.8%) was reached for cornmeal and it was almost double than for the respective wheat bran samples. Similarly, total fatty acid content in a fermented bioproduct prepared on cornmeal is almost four times higher in contrast to wheat bran-based bioproduct. Although in general the addition of an animal fat by-product caused a gradual cessation of ARA yield in the obtained fermented bioproduct, the content of ARA in fungal biomass was higher. Thus, M. alpina CCF2861 effectively transformed exogenous fatty acids from animal fat substrate to ARA. Maximum yield of 32.1 mg of ARA/g of bioproduct was reached when using cornmeal mixed with 5% (w/w) of an animal fat by-product as substrate. Furthermore, implementation of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in characterization of obtained SSF bioproducts was successfully tested as an alternative tool for complex analysis, compared to traditional time-consuming methods.

Application of solid-state fermentation to food industry—A review

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Rodríguez Couto ◽  
Ma Ángeles Sanromán
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Food Industry
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