A Simple Synthesis of the Anticancer Drug Altretamine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 628-630
Author(s):  
Vu Binh Duong ◽  
Pham Van Hien ◽  
Tran Thai Ngoc ◽  
Phan Dinh Chau ◽  
Tran Khac Vu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Cyanuric Chloride ◽  
Simple Synthesis ◽  
High Yield ◽  
One Step

A simple and practical method for the synthesis on a large scale of altretamine (1), a wellknown antitumor drug, has been successfully developed. The synthesis method involves the conversion of cyanuric chloride (2) into altretamine (1) by dimethylamination of 2 with an aqueous solution of 40% dimethylamine and potassium hydroxide in 1, -dioxan 4in one step to give altretamine (1) in high yield.

Carbon Nanotube Synthesis: A Review

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole E Baddour ◽  
Cedric Briens
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Carbon Molecules

Discovered in 1991, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have reached the forefront of many industrial research projects. Carbon nanotubes are tubular carbon molecules with remarkable mechanical, chemical, thermal and electrical properties, which make them useful in various applications. This paper reviews three methods of synthesizing the nanomaterial, namely arc-discharge, laser-ablation and fixed bed/fluidized bed catalytic. These methods have generated a large interest in many industrial companies to date. At the moment, the most critical issue faced by industrial companies is determining the best synthesis method, which will give the most economical large-scale production of CNTs. Compared to the other two methods, the catalytic technique to synthesize CNTs is simple, inexpensive, energy-efficient and can produce large CNTs quantities of high yield and purity.

A bottom-up strategy for exfoliation-free synthesis of soluble α-Ni(OH)2 monolayer nanosheets on a large scale

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (88) ◽  
pp. 85367-85373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenle Ma ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Junying Xue ◽  
Hongtao Cui
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Pure Ethanol ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Monolayer Nanosheets ◽  
One Step

α-Ni(OH)2 monolayer nanosheets were successfully synthesized in pure ethanol solution with high yield using NaOH as precipitant, based on a facile one-step “bottom-up” strategy.

scholarly journals Facile Solution Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of n- and p-Type Binary and Ternary Bi–Sb Tellurides

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bejan Hamawandi ◽  
Sedat Ballikaya ◽  
Hazal Batili ◽  
Viking Roosmark ◽  
Martina Orlovská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Solution Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
P Type

The solution synthesis route as a scalable bottom-up synthetic method possesses significant advantages for synthesizing nanostructured bulk thermoelectric (TE) materials with improved performance. Tuning the composition of the materials directly in the solution, without needing any further processing, is important for adjusting the dominant carrier type. Here, we report a very rapid (2 min) and high yield (>8 g/batch) synthetic method using microwave-assisted heating, for the controlled growth of Bi2–xSbxTe3 (x: 0–2) nanoplatelets. Resultant materials exhibit a high crystallinity and phase purity, as characterized by XRD, and platelet morphology, as revealed by SEM. Surface chemistry of as-made materials showed a mixture of metallic and oxide phases, as evidenced by XPS. Zeta-potential analysis exhibited a systematic change of isoelectric point as a function of the material composition. As-made materials were directly sintered into pellets by using spark plasma sintering process. TE performance of Bi2−xSbxTe3 pellets were studied, where the highest ZT values of 1.04 (at 440 K) for Bi2Te3 and 1.37 (at 523 K) for Sb2Te3 were obtained, as n- and p-type TE materials. The presented microwave-assisted synthesis method is energy effective, a truly scalable and reproducible method, paving the way for large scale production and implementation of towards large-area TE applications.

scholarly journals Solvent-Driven Selectivity on the One-Step Catalytic Synthesis of Manoyl Oxide Based on a Novel and Sustainable “Zeolite Catalyst–Solvent” System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitra Makarouni ◽  
Christos Kordulis ◽  
Vassilis Dourtoglou
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
Catalyst Acidity ◽  
The One ◽  
Potential Precursor

AbstractApplication of a novel “zeolite catalyst–solvent” system for the sustainable one-step synthesis of the terpenoid manoyl oxide, the potential precursor of forskolin and ambrox. Manoyl oxide high-yield and large-scale production over a zeolite catalyst has been infeasible so far, while this system results in 90% yields at 135 °C and atmospheric pressure. Substrate-controlled methodology is used to achieve selectivity. Solvent-driven catalysis is shown, as the activation energy barrier decreases in the presence of appropriate solvents, being 62.7 and 93.46 kJmol−1 for a glyme-type solvent and dodecane, respectively. Finally, catalyst acidity is key parameter for the process. Graphic Abstract

One-step controlled synthesis of anisotropic gold nanostructures with aniline as the reductant in aqueous solution

2007 ◽  
Vol 309 (2) ◽  
pp. 518-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhirui Guo ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Lan Huang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Gold Nanostructures ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Practical Synthesis of 2-Iodosobenzoic Acid (IBA) without Contamination by Hazardous 2-Iodoxybenzoic Acid (IBX) under Mild Conditions

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1897
Author(s):  
Hideyasu China ◽  
Nami Kageyama ◽  
Hotaka Yatabe ◽  
Naoko Takenaga ◽  
Toshifumi Dohi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Hypervalent Iodine ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Sequential Procedures ◽  
Iodine Compounds ◽  
Practical Synthesis ◽  
Iodosobenzoic Acid ◽  
Lower Temperature

We report a convenient and practical method for the preparation of nonexplosive cyclic hypervalent iodine(III) oxidants as efficient organocatalysts and reagents for various reactions using Oxone® in aqueous solution under mild conditions at room temperature. The thus obtained 2-iodosobenzoic acids (IBAs) could be used as precursors of other cyclic organoiodine(III) derivatives by the solvolytic derivatization of the hydroxy group under mild conditions of 80 °C or lower temperature. These sequential procedures are highly reliable to selectively afford cyclic hypervalent iodine compounds in excellent yields without contamination by hazardous pentavalent iodine(III) compound.

scholarly journals A Review on Additive Manufacturing Possibilities for Electrical Machines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1940
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Naseer ◽  
Ants Kallaste ◽  
Bilal Asad ◽  
Toomas Vaimann ◽  
Anton Rassõlkin
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
One Step ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

This paper presents current research trends and prospects of utilizing additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to manufacture electrical machines. Modern-day machine applications require extraordinary performance parameters such as high power-density, integrated functionalities, improved thermal, mechanical & electromagnetic properties. AM offers a higher degree of design flexibility to achieve these performance parameters, which is impossible to realize through conventional manufacturing techniques. AM has a lot to offer in every aspect of machine fabrication, such that from size/weight reduction to the realization of complex geometric designs. However, some practical limitations of existing AM techniques restrict their utilization in large scale production industry. The introduction of three-dimensional asymmetry in machine design is an aspect that can be exploited most with the prevalent level of research in AM. In order to take one step further towards the enablement of large-scale production of AM-built electrical machines, this paper also discusses some machine types which can best utilize existing developments in the field of AM.

scholarly journals One-step synthesis of nitrogen-grafted copper-gallic acid for enhanced methylene blue removal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shella Permatasari Santoso ◽  
Vania Bundjaja ◽  
Artik Elisa Angkawijaya ◽  
Chintya Gunarto ◽  
Alchris Woo Go ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
One Step ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Higher Temperature

AbstractNitrogen-grafting through the addition of glycine (Gly) was performed on a metal- phenolic network (MPN) of copper (Cu2+) and gallic acid (GA) to increase its adsorption capacity. Herein, we reported a one-step synthesis method of MPN, which was developed according to the metal–ligand complexation principle. The nitrogen grafted CuGA (Ng-CuGA) MPN was obtained by reacting Cu2+, GA, and Gly in an aqueous solution at a molar ratio of 1:1:1 and a pH of 8. Several physicochemical measurements, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 sorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA), were done on Ng-CuGA to elucidate its characteristics. The analysis revealed that the Ng-CuGA has non-uniform spherical shaped morphology with a pore volume of 0.56 cc/g, a pore size of 23.25 nm, and thermal stability up to 205 °C. The applicational potential of the Ng-CuGA was determined based on its adsorption capacity against methylene blue (MB). The Ng-CuGA was able to adsorb 190.81 mg MB per g adsorbent at a pH of 6 and temperature of 30 °C, which is 1.53 times higher than the non-grafted CuGA. Detailed assessment of Ng-CuGA adsorption properties revealed their pH- and temperature-dependent nature. The adsorption capacity and affinity were found to decrease at a higher temperature, demonstrating the exothermic adsorption behavior.

Large-scale visualization of dispersion of liquid-exfoliated two-dimensional nanosheets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyu Cui ◽  
Wen ying Shi ◽  
Chao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fluorescence Microscope ◽  
Visualization Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Non Invasive

An ultrafast, non-invasive and large-scale visualization method has been developed to evaluate the dispersion of two-dimensional nanosheets in aqueous solution with fluorescence microscope by formation of excimers from improvement of...

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