Biochemical, Hematological and Histopathological Indices of Wistar Rats Fed Vitamin and Mineral Deficient Diets Supplemented with Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-620
Author(s):  
Yanga N. Mhlomi ◽  
Gloria A. Otunola ◽  
Anthony J. Afolayan
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marker Enzymes ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
And Control

Background: Moringa oleifera is currently and rapidly gaining superfood status. Objective: This study evaluated the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOLM) on haematological, biochemical and histopathology indices of rats fed with Vitamins and Minerals Deficient (VMD) diets. Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats (220-290g) were randomly assigned into 5 groups of 5 rats each. The control (normal rat chow), remaining four diets were VMD plus MOLM at 0, 3, 5 and 10%. Haematological, biochemical and histopathological statuses were evaluated after 28 days. Results: Non-significant increase in RBC was observed in rats fed with the MOLM diets compared to control. Rats on VMD diet had the lowest haemoglobin levels, whereas haemoglobin increased with MOLM. No significant differences were observed in haematocrit, MCH, MCHC, platelets, RDW and MPV in all the treatments and control group. However, VMD rats showed a decrease in haemoglobin, and an increase in WBC and platelets. Electrolytes and glucose for all the treatments and control were not significantly different, but, control and VMD10 diets rats showed significantly higher values for creatinine compared to MOLM diets; total protein and albumin increased with MOLM and were higher than in VMD and control rats. Serum activities of hepatic, cardiac and adrenal marker enzymes were observed to be significantly lower in MOLM rats compared to VMD and control. Mild congestion in VMD and VMD3 rats’ liver and diffused congestion in the kidney of VMD diet rats were observed. Conclusion: The significantly high increase in platelet count in the VMD treated rats, indicative of anemia and other physiological imbalances, highlights the effect of micronutrient (mineral and vitamins) deficiencies in the diet. There is also the possibility that the anti-nutrients factors present in Moringa oleifera prevented uptake and bioavailability of nutrients, since the MOLM did not undergo any processing that could have removed or reduced these antinutrients. Further studies are still needed on Moringa oleifera leaves to validate the bioavailability of nutrients from the plant.

scholarly journals Effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet consumption in diabetic rats: Beneficial impact on glycemic and weight control

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (07) ◽  
pp. 16984-16996
Author(s):  
MMC Anyakudo ◽  
◽  
DO Adeniji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Formulated Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

The metabolic response to nutrient ingestion and the rate of digestion and absorption of nutrient molecules in bowel physiology plays an important role in the metabolic control of some human chronic non-infectious diseases. This experimentally-controlled designed nutritional study which lasted eight weeks aimed to determine the effects of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) formulated diet on glycemic tolerance, glycemic control, body weight, organ weight and organ morphometry in healthy and diabetic adult male Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats purchased from a disease-free stock were randomly categorized into four groups (n = 6, each) after two weeks acclimatization period in raised stainless steel cages with 6 mm2mesh floor and replaceable numbered blotters papers placed under each cage in a well-ventilated animal house. Animal groups include: Healthy control group (HC), Healthy treated group (HT), Diabetic control group (DC) and Diabetic treated group (DT. The animals were fed according to the experimental design with water ad libitumfor eight weeks. Diabetes was inducted with freshly prepared alloxan monohydrate solution (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally). Body weights and fasting blood sugar concentrations were measured twice weekly, while oral glucose tolerance test was conducted on the last day of the eighth-week study and subsequently followed by organs extraction after anesthesia for weight and gross assessment. Proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet caused significant reduction in mean body weight of treated diabetic (DT: 22.6%; P= .001) and healthy (HT: 5.8%; P= .007) rats while the control animals on control diet recorded significant (P< .05) increase in body weight gain (DC: 12.4%; HC: 11.2%). Glycemic tolerance and control improved significantly in diabetic treated rats over that of the healthy treated rats. Gross morphometry of the extracted organs (kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and testes) revealed sustained normal morphological features without any visible lesion. In conclusion, consumption of proportional high-protein/low-carbohydrate formulated diet enhanced body weight reduction and sustained normal organ morphological features with good glycemic tolerance and control in experimental rats, suggesting its dietary potentiality, safety and suitability to ameliorate obesity-related diabetes.

Toxicological evaluations of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves in liver and kidney of male Wistar rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola A. Oyagbemi ◽  
Temitayo O. Omobowale ◽  
Ibraheem O. Azeez ◽  
John O. Abiola ◽  
Rahamon A.M. Adedokun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

scholarly journals Antidepressant behavioral effects of duloxetine and amitriptyline in the rat forced swimming test

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honório Sampaio Menezes ◽  
Bárbara Beatriz Moreira Bueno ◽  
Leandro Ciulla ◽  
Alexandre Schuh ◽  
Fernanda de Freitas Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Forced Swimming Test ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Forced Swimming ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
One Way Anova

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of the antidepressant drugs duloxetine and amitriptyline on depressive behaviors in rats. METHODS: Fifteen male Wistar rats were given systemic injections of duloxetine, amitriptyline or saline prior to a Forced Swimming Test (FST). Immobility and number of stops were measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis. RESULTS: Rats given injections of duloxetine displayed fewer stops than the amitriptyline and control group (p< 0.05). The control group and Amitriptyline showed no difference (p=0.8). CONCLUSION: Duloxetine reduced depressive behaviors in the Forced Swimming Test been more effective than amitriptyline.

scholarly journals ASCORBIC ACID;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Umair Ali Soomro ◽  
Shomail Saeed Siddiqui ◽  
Kashif Rasheed Shaikh ◽  
Mumtaz Ali Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Biochemical Testing ◽  
Group B ◽  
Animal House ◽  
And Control

Objectives: Investigating the Renoprotective effects of Ascorbic acid ingentamicin induced renal injury (GIRI) in male Wistar rats. Study design: Experimental study.Place and Duration: Animal house of Al-Tibri from September 2016 to December 2016.Methodology: 60 male Wistar rats were selected by non-probability purposive sampling,and were divided into three groups; Group A- control, Group B- Gentamicin induced renalinjury (GIRI) (70 mg/kg/bwt i.m) daily , and Group C- GIRI + AA (Ascorbic acid - 0.2 mg/kg/bwt) daily. Cardiac puncture was performed by a Disposable Syringe for blood sampling.Sera were used for biochemical testing. Renal tissue was stained with H & E for histologicalexamination. Statistix 8.1 software (USA) was used for data analysis at P≤ 0.05. Results:Blood urea and serum creatinine were elevated in the group B (GIRI) compared to GIRI+AAand the controls (P=0.0001). Serum superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, andcatalase were low in GIRI compared to GIRI+AA and control groups. Renal tissue in ascorbicacid treated rats showed improved tissue architecture. Conclusion: It is concluded that theAscorbic acid exerts Renoprotective effects in gentamicin induced renal injury in rat model.

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on metabolic syndrome induced in male Wistar rats: a preliminary study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 3327-3336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa López ◽  
Mónica Ríos-Silva ◽  
Miguel Huerta ◽  
Yolitzy Cárdenas ◽  
Jaime Alberto Bricio-Barrios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective To evaluate the preventive effects of Moringa oleifera on metabolic syndrome (MS) in male Wistar rats. Methods MS was induced by feeding rats a high-fat diet and drinking water containing 10% fructose for 6 weeks. In the preventive group, M. oleifera was orally administered for 3 weeks prior to the induction of MS, while in the treatment group, M. oleifera was administered for 3 weeks after the onset of MS. The treatment groups were compared with a control group of untreated rats with induced MS. Fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, abdominal circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured before and after MS induction and/or M. oleifera treatment. Results After the induction of MS, the control group had higher fasting glucose levels than the preventive group. No significant differences were observed in insulin tolerance, oral glucose tolerance, cholesterol, triglycerides, abdominal circumference, or systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Compared with untreated controls, rats in the treatment group had significantly improved glucose tolerance, triglycerides, and abdominal circumference. Conclusions M. oleifera treatment attenuates MS in Wistar rats.

Carbamazepine evoked reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats: protective properties of Moringa oleifera leaves methanolic extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187
Author(s):  
Ganiu Jimoh Akorede ◽  
Suleiman Folorunsho Ambali ◽  
Mikail Garba Hudu ◽  
Mohammed M. Suleiman ◽  
Kolawole Yusuf Suleiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves

scholarly journals The protective role of saffron petal extracts on gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Omidi ◽  
Zahra Totrabi
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Different potentially therapeutic approaches to prevent or attenuate gentamicin sulfate (GM) induced nephrotoxicity have been proposed. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the saffron petals extracts (<em>Crocus sativus</em>) (SPE) on male Wistar rats with kidney failure. Rats (40) were randomly assigned into five groups of 8 animals each: i) the control group, that received normal saline (0.5 mL/kg); ii) the GM group, that received GM (80 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection on a daily basis; iii) the <em>GM+SPE</em> group that received the same dose of GM and SPE (40 mg/kg) by i.p. injection on a daily basis; iv) the <em>GM+2SPE</em> group, that received the same dose of GM and twofold of SPE (80 mg/kg) by i.p. injection on a daily basis; whereas v) <em>2SPE+GM</em> group, that received 80 mg/kg of SPE a week before initiating the treatment with GM (prevention group). Significant differences were seen in the concentration of glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine between treatment groups and control in the male Wistar rats. GM was observed to cause nephrotoxicity, which was evidenced by an elevation of serum BUN and creatinine levels. The biochemical findings of the current study are concordant with those of histopathologic findings. The results of this study indicate that SPE especially in dose of 40 mg/kg can ameliorate harmful effects of GM on the kidney. The present results may suggest that the SPE have ameliorative effects on kidney failures induced by GM.

scholarly journals The potential effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in Wistar rat oral cancer cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Dwicha Rahma Nuriska Hartono ◽  
Theresia Indah Budhy Sulisetyawati ◽  
Edhi Jularso
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Oral Cancer Cells

Background: Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal and uncontrolled growth of tissue cells. In Indonesia, cancer ranks as the fifth largest cause of mortality, while it is the second largest worldwide. Cancer affected by angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels to provide the nutrient and oxygen necessary for tumor growth. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represents a pro-angiogenic factor. Moringa oleifera leaf extract can be used as an anticancer agent by reducing the expression of VEGF. Purpose: The study aimed to prove that Moringa oleifera leaf extract can reduce VEGF expression in benzopyrene-induced oral cancer cells of Wistar rats. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory research with posttest-only control group design. All experimental subjects presented symptoms of cancer following induction with 8 mg/KgBW of benzopyrene. The sample consisted of 28 Wistar rats, divided into four groups, namely; a control group (K) whose members were administered with only aquadest and three treatment groups (P) treated with Moringa oleifera leaves extract at percentages of 3.125% (P1), 4.6875% (P2) and 6.25% (P3) respectively. Observation of VEGF expression was undertaken by means of immunohistochemical staining. Results: A decrease in VEGF expression occurred in all treatment groups when compared with the control group. A significant difference existed between the control group (K) and the treatment group (P1), while there were no significant differences between the treatment groups (P1, P2 and P3). Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf extract with a percentage of 3.125% proved most effective at reducing VEGF expression in oral cancer cells in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Biochemical implication of administration ofmethanol extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaf on haematological profile of Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Dasofunjo Kayode ◽  
Obem O. Okwari ◽  
Ujong P. Ujong ◽  
Boniface U. Ati ◽  
Christopher O. Igwe
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group D ◽  
Ameliorative Measure

In the search for medicinal plants that will provide ameliorative measure to patients with anaemic disorders. The methanol extract of O. gratissimum leaf was administered to Wistar rats for its effect on haematological profile. Twenty-eight (28) male Wistar rats ranging from 180-200g was randomly picked and placed into plastic cages labeled A-D. Group A served as the control group while groups B-D was the test groups. The  animals in group A was administered with distilled water orally by gavage. Group B were administered 50mg/ kg body weight of methanol extract of O. gratissimum, group C were administered with 100mg/kg bodyweight while group D were administered with 200mg/body of methanol extract of O. gratissimum for 14 days. Blood was collected from all the test rats and control by cardiac puncture using disposable syringe and needle then dispensed into tubes containing EDTA. The extract displayed a significant increase (p<0.05) in RBCs, Hb, PCV and platelet counts. More so, the  extract produced no significant (p>0.05)difference in MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW WBC counts when compared with the normal control .Therefore, it will be logical to conclude that the extract of O. gratissimum might be a panacea in the management of anaemic conditions when properly harnessed due to its erythropoietic, haematopoietic and thrombopoietic effect. Keywords: Anaemia, erythropoietic, haematopoietic, thrombopoietic and phytochemicals.

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