Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for treatment of ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rucheng Liu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yundi Zhang ◽  
Maryam Farzaneh ◽  
Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
A Cell

: Stroke is a life-threatening disease and one of the leading causes of death and physical disability worldwide. Currently, no drugs on the market promote neural recovery after stroke insult, and spontaneous remodeling processes are limited to induce recovery in the ischemic regions. Therefore, promoting a cell-based therapy has been needed to elevate the endogenous recovery process. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as candidate cell sources for therapeutic purposes of ischemic stroke, which their therapeutic effects are mediated by exosomes. The microRNA cargo in these extracellular vesicles is mostly responsible for the positive effects. When it comes to the therapeutic viewpoint, MSCs-derived exosomes could be a promising therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke. The aim of this review is to discuss the current knowledge around the potential of MSCs-derived exosomes in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Exosomes in Ischemic Stroke Treatment

Biomolecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Lingling Jiang ◽  
Weiqi Chen ◽  
Jinyi Ye ◽  
Yilong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Neuroprotective Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Neurovascular Remodeling

Ischemic stroke is a life-threatening cerebral vascular disease and accounts for high disability and mortality worldwide. Currently, no efficient therapeutic strategies are available for promoting neurological recovery in clinical practice, except rehabilitation. The majority of neuroprotective drugs showed positive impact in pre-clinical studies but failed in clinical trials. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for new promising therapeutic approaches for ischemic stroke treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomes mediate communication between cells in both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes have received extensive attention for therapy following a stroke, because of their unique characteristics, such as the ability to cross the blood brain–barrier, low immunogenicity, and low toxicity. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated positively neurorestorative effects of exosome-based therapy, which are largely mediated by the microRNA cargo. Herein, we review the current knowledge of exosomes, the relationships between exosomes and stroke, and the therapeutic effects of exosome-based treatments in neurovascular remodeling processes after stroke. Exosomes provide a viable and prospective treatment strategy for ischemic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Unraveling the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mirershadi ◽  
Mahdi Ahmadi ◽  
Aysa Rezabakhsh ◽  
Hadi Rajabi ◽  
Reza Rahbarghazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Cell Sources

Abstract Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with airway hyper-responsiveness, chronic inflammatory response, and excessive structural remodeling. The current therapeutic strategies in asthmatic patients are based on controlling the activity of type 2 T helper lymphocytes in the pulmonary tissue. However, most of the available therapies are symptomatic and expensive and with diverse side outcomes in which the interruption of these modalities contributes to the relapse of asthmatic symptoms. Up to date, different reports highlighted the advantages and beneficial outcomes regarding the transplantation of different stem cell sources, and relevant products from for the diseases’ alleviation and restoration of injured sites. However, efforts to better understand by which these cells elicit therapeutic effects are already underway. The precise understanding of these mechanisms will help us to translate stem cells into the clinical setting. In this review article, we described current knowledge and future perspectives related to the therapeutic application of stem cell-based therapy in animal models of asthma, with emphasis on the underlying therapeutic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Stem/Progenitor Cells, Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Regeneration

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Dotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cell Trafficking ◽  
Chronic Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Atherosclerosis Progression ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

Regenerative cell based therapy has potential to become effective adjuvant treatment for patients with atherosclerotic disease. Although data from animal studies support this notion, clinical studies undertaken in patients with acute and chronic coronary artery disease do not conclusively demonstrate benefits of such therapy. There are many questions on the stem cell translational roadmap. The basic mechanisms of stem cell-dependent tissue regeneration are not well understood. There is a debate regarding characterization of specific cell types conferring therapeutic effects. In particular, the role of endothelial progenitor cells as a specific reparative cell subtype is questioned, and the role of myeloid cell linage in fostering of vasculo- and angiogenesis is being increasingly appreciated. Intense discussions surround the place of stem/progenitor cells in atherosclerosis progression, plaque destabilization and vessel remodeling. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on the regenerative stem/progenitor cell definitions, mechanisms of stem cell trafficking, homing and their involvement in atherosclerosis progression.

scholarly journals The Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Cell Therapy on Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity After Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1213-1226
Author(s):  
Li Gao ◽  
Zhenghong Song ◽  
Jianhua Mi ◽  
Pinpin Hou ◽  
Chong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of mortality and disability worldwide. However, efficient therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Stem/progenitor cell-based therapy, with its vigorous advantages, has emerged as a promising tool for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The mechanisms involve new neural cells and neuronal circuitry formation, antioxidation, inflammation alleviation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis promotion. In the past decades, in-depth studies have suggested that cell therapy could promote vascular stabilization and decrease blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage after ischemic stroke. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms on BBB integrity induced by the engrafted cells in ischemic stroke have not been reviewed yet. Herein, we will update the progress in research on the effects of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke and review the underlying mechanisms. First, we will present an overview of BBB dysfunction under the ischemic condition and cells engraftment for ischemic treatment. Then, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge about the effects and underlying mechanisms of cell therapy on BBB integrity after ischemic stroke. In particular, we will review the most recent studies in regard to the relationship between cell therapy and BBB in tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)-mediated therapy and diabetic stroke.

scholarly journals A Brief History in Cardiac Regeneration, and How the Extra Cellular Matrix May Turn the Tide

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atze van der Pol ◽  
Carlijn V. C. Bouten
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cardiac Regeneration ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Extra Cellular Matrix ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Cell Sources ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Contractile Tissue ◽  
Cellular Matrix

Tissue homeostasis is perturbed by stressful events, which can lead to organ dysfunction and failure. This is particularly true for the heart, where injury resulting from myocardial infarction or ischemic heart disease can result in a cascading event ultimately ending with the loss of functional myocardial tissue and heart failure. To help reverse this loss of healthy contractile tissue, researchers have spent decades in the hopes of characterizing a cell source capable of regenerating the injured heart. Unfortunately, these strategies have proven to be ineffective. With the goal of truly understanding cardiac regeneration, researchers have focused on the innate regenerative abilities of zebrafish and neonatal mammals. This has led to the realization that although cells play an important role in the repair of the diseased myocardium, inducing cardiac regeneration may instead lie in the composition of the extra cellular milieu, specifically the extra cellular matrix. In this review we will briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding cell sources used for cardiac regenerative approaches, since these have been extensively reviewed elsewhere. More importantly, by revisiting innate cardiac regeneration observed in zebrafish and neonatal mammals, we will stress the importance the extra cellular matrix has on reactivating this potential in the adult myocardium. Finally, we will address how we can harness the ability of the extra cellular matrix to guide cardiac repair thereby setting the stage of next generation regenerative strategies.

scholarly journals Main Properties of Canola Oil Components: A Descriptive Review of Current Knowledge

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Loganes ◽  
Simonetta Ballali ◽  
Clara Minto
Keyword(s):  
Canola Oil ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dietary Choice

Together with olive and soybean, canola is one of the most important and diffuse oilseed crops. Due to high oleic acid and antioxidant contents, canola oil shows positive effects on cholesterol, glycemic control, blood pressure and cancer. For these reasons, canola oil can be considered an important food-resource: future scientific research is expected to provide further evidence on adoption of canola oil as a standard dietary choice in healthy subjects as well as a therapeutic strategy in disease treatment.

Cell Sources in Cardiac Tissue Engineering: Current Choices

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiman Brouki Milan ◽  
Naser Amini ◽  
Arezu Mehrabi ◽  
Sepideh Mousazadeh ◽  
Shima Ababzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cell Sources

The past decade has evidenced numerous developments in the treatment of heart diseases, however many patients with chronic heart failure suffer from quality of life. Therapeutic methods including drug-delivery, the heart’s outside and inside the gadget, as well as heart transplantation, have been used to improve life. Cell therapy and tissue engineering have been recently introduced to medicine as a novel therapeutic approach. Treatment of heart diseases has been entered into novel lines through the introduction of cell therapy approaches. Based on the evidence, cell therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiac diseases. Since the first cell transplant to patients, different types of (stem) cells have been studied. The following aims to provide a comprehensive review on different types of cells and their roles used in cardiac cell-based therapy.

scholarly journals MSC-based therapy in female pelvic floor disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizhen Sima ◽  
Yisong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Pelvic Floor Disorders ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Sources

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also referred to as multipotent stromal cells or mesenchymal stromal cells, are present in multiple tissues and capable of differentiating into diverse cell lineages, holding a great promise in developing cell-based therapy for a wide range of conditions. Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) is a common degenerative disease in women and may diminish a woman’s quality of life at any age. Since the treatments for this disease are limited by the high rates of recurrence and surgical complications, seeking an ideal therapy in the restoration of pelvic floor function is an urgent issue at present. Herein, we summarize the cell sources of MSCs used for PFDs and discuss the potential mechanisms of MSCs in treating PFDs. Specifically, we also provide a comprehensive review of current preclinical and clinical trials dedicated to investigating MSC-based therapy for PFDs. The novel therapy has presented promising therapeutic effects which include relieving the symptoms of urinary or fecal incontinence, improving the biological properties of implanted meshes and promoting the injured tissue repair. Nevertheless, MSC-based therapies for PFDs are still experimental and the unstated issues on their safety and efficacy should be carefully addressed before their clinical applications.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals and Medicinal Herbs on Depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihyun Lee ◽  
Hyunsu Bae
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Life Threatening

Background. Depression is a recurrent, common, and potentially life-threatening psychiatric disease related to multiple assignable causes. Although conventional antidepressant therapy can help relieve symptoms of depression and prevent relapse of the illness, complementary therapies are required due to disadvantage of the current therapy such as adverse effects. Moreover, a number of studies have researched adjunctive therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes for depression patients. Purpose. One potential complementary method with conventional antidepressants involves the use of medicinal herbs and phytochemicals that provide therapeutic benefits. Studies have revealed beneficial effects of medical herbs and phytochemicals on depression and their central nervous system mechanism. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the therapeutic benefits of phytochemicals and medicinal herbs against depression and describe their detailed mechanisms. Sections. There are two sections, phytochemicals against depression and medical herbs against depression, in this review. Conclusion. Use of phytomedicine may be an alternative option for the treatment of depression in case conventional drugs are not applicable due to their side effects, low effectiveness, or inaccessibility. However, the efficacy and safety of these phytomedicine treatments for depression have to be supported by clinical studies.

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