scholarly journals The Correlation of Spatial Distribution Between Surface Deformation and Landslides by SBAS-InSAR and Spatial Analysis in Longnan Region, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 867-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Yating ◽  
Meng Xingmin ◽  
Guo Peng ◽  
Li Kai ◽  
Chen Guan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Western China ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Medium Thickness ◽  
Envisat Asar ◽  
Landslides Susceptibility ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
Spot 5

We use interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time-series analysis of Envisat ASAR data to reveal the correlation of distribution between surface deformation and landslides in western China. The results of SBAS-InSAR revealed that the velocity of surface deformation is between -18.6mm/year to 26.8mm/year. The landslides data which we extracted from SPOT 5 image and investigated in field were correlated with altitude, lithology, slope, degree, land-use, fault, NDVI and distance to river. We found that the landslides mainly distribute on 13°~41° slope degree, 1200m~2000m altitude, the strong human activity, the poor vegetation covered, near the river and fault, underlain medium thickness limestone and thin-layered siltstone and mud stone. Using the landslides distribution features, landslides will be identified from the results of surface deformation and landslides susceptibility will be assessed. This method can help local government rapidly monitor landslides and assess landslides susceptibility on large scale.

scholarly journals Constraints on the location, depth and yield of the 2017 September 3 North Korean nuclear test from InSAR measurements and modelling

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Sreejith ◽  
Ritesh Agrawal ◽  
A S Rajawat
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Source Parameters ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Displacements ◽  
Detailed Surface ◽  
Scale Surface

SUMMARY The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) conducted its sixth and largest affirmed underground nuclear test on 2017 September 3. Analysis of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data revealed detailed surface displacements associated with the nuclear explosion. The nuclear explosion produced large-scale surface deformation causing decorrelation of the InSAR data directly above the test site, Mt. Mantap, while the flanks of the Mountain experienced displacements up to 0.5 m along the Line-of-Sight of the Satellite. We determined source parameters of the explosion using the Bayesian inversion of the InSAR data. The explosive yield was estimated as 245–271 kiloton (kt) of TNT, while the previous yield estimations range from 70–400 kt. We determined the nuclear source at a depth of 542 ± 30 m below Mt. Mantap (129.0769°E, 41.0324°N). We demonstrated that the Bayesian modelling of the InSAR data reduces the uncertainties in the source parameters of the nuclear test, particularly the yield and source depth that are otherwise poorly resolved in seismic methods.

Estimation of active layer thickness from modeling and InSAR deformation data at QTP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongxing Li ◽  
Tong Hao ◽  
Ping Lu ◽  
Gang Qiao ◽  
Lemin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Active Layer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Active Layer Thickness ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
Sbas Insar

<p>In context of global warming, permafrost, as an important component of cryosphere in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) that is located in middle and low latitudes with a high radiation intensity of high Asia mountains, is particularly sensitive to climate changes. The active layer thickness (ALT) in a permafrost area is an important index to indicate its stability. Traditional methods for measuring ALT in QTP mainly rely on ground-based field surveys and accordingly are extremely time- consuming and labor-intensive. The field works provide a good quality of data at a single site, however, such measurements are limited in spatial coverage and difficult for multi-temporal acquisitions. In addition, the harsh environment in QTP is not suitable for large-scale field measurements. In this study, the ALT of permafrost in QTP is estimated using modelling and remote sensing data. Particularly, the surface deformation on permafrost, as detected by the long-term InSAR technique, is considered as an input to the inversion model of ALT. The time-series deformation results over an experimental permafrost area were obtained by the SBAS-InSAR technique. Then, combined with the soil characteristics of soil moisture and soil thermal conductivity in the Stefan model, the melting thickness was estimated. Finally, the resulting ALT was tested and verified against a set of in-situ borehole measurements of depth-temperature.</p>

scholarly journals Different scale land subsidence and ground fissure monitoring with multiple InSAR techniques over Fenwei basin, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zhao ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
C. Yang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
W. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Deformation Gradient ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Envisat Asar ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Sar Data ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Sbas Insar

Abstract. Fenwei basin, China, composed by several sub-basins, has been suffering severe geo-hazards in last 60 years, including large scale land subsidence and small scale ground fissure, which caused serious infrastructure damages and property losses. In this paper, we apply different InSAR techniques with different SAR data to monitor these hazards. Firstly, combined small baseline subset (SBAS) InSAR method and persistent scatterers (PS) InSAR method is used to multi-track Envisat ASAR data to retrieve the large scale land subsidence covering entire Fenwei basin, from which different land subsidence magnitudes are analyzed of different sub-basins. Secondly, PS-InSAR method is used to monitor the small scale ground fissure deformation in Yuncheng basin, where different spatial deformation gradient can be clearly discovered. Lastly, different track SAR data are contributed to retrieve two-dimensional deformation in both land subsidence and ground fissure region, Xi'an, China, which can be benefitial to explain the occurrence of ground fissure and the correlation between land subsidence and ground fissure.

scholarly journals Application of Sentinel-1 and-2 Images in Measuring the Deformation of Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) Namakier, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Sen Zhang ◽  
Qigang Jiang ◽  
Chao Shi ◽  
Xitong Xu ◽  
Yundi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
Aperture Radar

Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) namakier is one of the most active salt diapirs along the Zagros fold–thrust belt in Iran. Its surface deformation should be measured to estimate its long-term kinematics. Ten Sentinel-2 optical images acquired between October 2016 and December 2019 were processed by using Co-Registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation (COSI-Corr) method. Forty-seven Sentinel-1 ascending Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images acquired between April 2017 and December 2019 were processed by using Small Baseline Subset Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) method. The deformation of Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) namakier was measured using both methods. Then, meteorological data were utilized to explore the relationship between the kinematics of the namakier and weather conditions and differences in macrodeformation behavior of various rock salt types. The advantages and disadvantages of COSI-Corr and SBAS-InSAR methods in measuring the deformation of the namakier were compared. The results show that: (1) The flank subsides in the dry season and uplifts in the rainy season, whereas the dome subsides in the rainy season and uplifts in the dry season. Under extreme rainfall conditions, the namakier experiences permanent plastic deformation. (2) The “dirty” rock salt of the namakier is more prone to flow than the “clean” rock salt in terms of macrodeformation behavior. (3) In the exploration of the kinematics of the namakier via the two methods, COSI-Corr is superior to SBAS-InSAR on a spatial scale, but the latter is superior to the former on a time scale.

scholarly journals Constructing Adaptive Deformation Models for Estimating DEM Error in SBAS-InSAR Based on Hypothesis Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2006
Author(s):  
Jun Hu ◽  
Qiaoqiao Ge ◽  
Jihong Liu ◽  
Wenyan Yang ◽  
Zhigui Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Phase Time ◽  
Testing Theory ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
Deformation Models

The Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique has been widely used to obtain the ground surface deformation of geohazards (e.g., mining subsidence and landslides). As one of the inherent errors in the interferometric phase, the digital elevation model (DEM) error is usually estimated with the help of an a priori deformation model. However, it is difficult to determine an a priori deformation model that can fit the deformation time series well, leading to possible bias in the estimation of DEM error and the deformation time series. In this paper, we propose a method that can construct an adaptive deformation model, based on a set of predefined functions and the hypothesis testing theory in the framework of the small baseline subset InSAR (SBAS-InSAR) method. Since it is difficult to fit the deformation time series over a long time span by using only one function, the phase time series is first divided into several groups with overlapping regions. In each group, the hypothesis testing theory is employed to adaptively select the optimal deformation model from the predefined functions. The parameters of adaptive deformation models and the DEM error can be modeled with the phase time series and solved by a least square method. Simulations and real data experiments in the Pingchuan mining area, Gaunsu Province, China, demonstrate that, compared to the state-of-the-art deformation modeling strategy (e.g., the linear deformation model and the function group deformation model), the proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy of DEM error estimation and can benefit the estimation of deformation time series.

scholarly journals A large-scale 2005–2012 flood map record derived from ENVISAT-ASAR data: United Kingdom as a test case

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 112338
Author(s):  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Ramona Pelich ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
Patrick Matgen ◽  
Wolfgang Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Envisat Asar

scholarly journals Elucidating the Onset of Plasticity in Sliding Contacts Using Differential Computational Orientation Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Eder ◽  
P. G. Grützmacher ◽  
M. Rodríguez Ripoll ◽  
J. F. Belak
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Lattice Rotation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Color Saturation ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Abstract Depending on the mechanical and thermal energy introduced to a dry sliding interface, the near-surface regions of the mated bodies may undergo plastic deformation. In this work, we use large-scale molecular dynamics simulations to generate “differential computational orientation tomographs” (dCOT) and thus highlight changes to the microstructure near tribological FCC alloy surfaces, allowing us to detect subtle differences in lattice orientation and small distances in grain boundary migration. The analysis approach compares computationally generated orientation tomographs with their undeformed counterparts via a simple image analysis filter. We use our visualization method to discuss the acting microstructural mechanisms in a load- and time-resolved fashion, focusing on sliding conditions that lead to twinning, partial lattice rotation, and grain boundary-dominated processes. Extracting and laterally averaging the color saturation value of the generated tomographs allows us to produce quantitative time- and depth-resolved maps that give a good overview of the progress and severity of near-surface deformation. Corresponding maps of the lateral standard deviation in the color saturation show evidence of homogenization processes occurring in the tribologically loaded microstructure, frequently leading to the formation of a well-defined separation between deformed and undeformed regions. When integrated into a computational materials engineering framework, our approach could help optimize material design for tribological and other deformation problems. Graphic Abstract .

scholarly journals Reservoir-Induced Land Deformation: Case Study from the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Yu Chen ◽  
Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Natthachet Tangdamrongsub ◽  
Dorina Murgulet
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Land Deformation ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
The Impact

The Nile River stretches from south to north throughout the Nile River Basin (NRB) in Northeast Africa. Ethiopia, where the Blue Nile originates, has begun the construction of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), which will be used to generate electricity. However, the impact of the GERD on land deformation caused by significant water relocation has not been rigorously considered in the scientific research. In this study, we develop a novel approach for predicting large-scale land deformation induced by the construction of the GERD reservoir. We also investigate the limitations of using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow On (GRACE-FO) mission to detect GERD-induced land deformation. We simulated three land deformation scenarios related to filling the expected reservoir volume, 70 km3, using 5-, 10-, and 15-year filling scenarios. The results indicated: (i) trends in downward vertical displacement estimated at −17.79 ± 0.02, −8.90 ± 0.09, and −5.94 ± 0.05 mm/year, for the 5-, 10-, and 15-year filling scenarios, respectively; (ii) the western (eastern) parts of the GERD reservoir are estimated to move toward the reservoir’s center by +0.98 ± 0.01 (−0.98 ± 0.01), +0.48 ± 0.00 (−0.48 ± 0.00), and +0.33 ± 0.00 (−0.33 ± 0.00) mm/year, under the 5-, 10- and 15-year filling strategies, respectively; (iii) the northern part of the GERD reservoir is moving southward by +1.28 ± 0.02, +0.64 ± 0.01, and +0.43 ± 0.00 mm/year, while the southern part is moving northward by −3.75 ± 0.04, −1.87 ± 0.02, and −1.25 ± 0.01 mm/year, during the three examined scenarios, respectively; and (iv) the GRACE-FO mission can only detect 15% of the large-scale land deformation produced by the GERD reservoir. Methods and results demonstrated in this study provide insights into possible impacts of reservoir impoundment on land surface deformation, which can be adopted into the GERD project or similar future dam construction plans.

scholarly journals Preliminary Identification of Geological Hazards from Songpinggou to Feihong in Mao County along the Minjiang River Using SBAS-InSAR Technique Integrated Multiple Spatial Analysis Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1017
Author(s):  
Kuanxing Zhu ◽  
Peihua Xu ◽  
Chen Cao ◽  
Lianjing Zheng ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Geometric Distortion ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Geological Hazards ◽  
Visibility Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
Sbas Insar

Landslides and collapses are common geological hazards in mountainous areas, posing significant threats to the lives and property of residents. Therefore, early identification of disasters is of great significance for disaster prevention. In this study, we used Small Baseline Subset Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SBAS-InSAR) technology to process C-band Sentinel-1A images to monitor the surface deformation from Songpinggou to Feihong in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province. Visibility analysis was used to remove the influence of geometric distortion on the SAR images and retain deformation information in the visible area. Hot spot and kernel density analyses were performed on the deformation data, and 18 deformation clusters were obtained. Velocity and slope data were integrated, and 26 disaster areas were interpreted from the 18 deformation clusters, including 20 potential landslides and 6 potential collapses. A detailed field investigation indicated that potential landslides No. 6 and No. 8 had developed cracks and were severely damaged, with a high probability of occurrence. Potential collapse No. 22 had developed fissures, exposing a dangerous rock mass and posing significant threats to the lives and property of residents. This study shows that the proposed method that combines visibility analysis, InSAR deformation rates, and spatial analysis can quickly and accurately identify potential geological disasters and provide guidance for local disaster prevention and mitigation.

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