scholarly journals Physical Characterization of Alterites for the Manufacture of Compressed Earth Blocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Kamga Djoumen Tatiana ◽  
Codjo Luc Zinsou ◽  
Vouffo Marcel ◽  
Ngapgue François
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Water Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks

Introduction: In the present work, the physical characteristics of two alterites (S1 and S2) used for Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB) manufacture were studied. The results obtained have shown that S1 and S2 consist of inorganic clays. Methods: The material S1 is a plastic soil of very soft consistency and S2 is a low plastic soil of very soft consistency. It was shown that the natural alterites studied are not suitable for the CEB manufacture. In order to improve the granulometry of these materials, a physical correction by adding sand in various proportions were proposed. With the aim of verifying the validity of the elaborated proposals, samples of CEB manufactured from materials stabilized with sand were manufactured and tested in the laboratory. Results and Conclusion: The results obtained show that, concerning the S1 material, the tensile strength is satisfactory for the sand/soil ratios of 1/3, 1/2 and 2/3. The abrasion resistance and the water absorption coefficient are satisfactory for the ratios of 1/3 and 1/2, respectively. For all the sand/soil ratios, the compressive strength has remained lower than that required for CEB as materials for load-bearing walls. For the S2 material, all the sand/soil ratios enable the improvement of the CEB characteristics, but these still below the required values. From all the foregoing, it follows that the studied alterites, improved by the addition of sand, can be used for the manufacture of compressed earth blocks to be used for the construction of non-load bearing walls.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Belgian clays for manufacturing compressed earth blocks

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Lavie A. MANGO-ITULAMYA ◽  
Frédéric COLLIN ◽  
Pascal PILATE ◽  
Fabienne COURTEJOIE ◽  
Nathalie FAGEL
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks ◽  
Sand And Gravel

This study aims to characterize Belgian clays in order to evaluate their use for manufacture of compressed earth blocks (CEB). Nineteen Belgian clay deposits were sampled in 56 sites and 135 samples were collected and analyzed. The analyses focus on the determination of particle size, plasticity, nature and mineralogy as the main characteristics for assessing the suitability of the raw clays to make CEB. These analyses allow for classifying the sampled clay deposits in three categories: clays that can be used unchanged to make CEB (2 clay deposits), clays that are suitable for the manufacture of CEB but require addition of sand and gravel particles (13 clay deposits) and clays that are suitable for the manufacture of CEB if they are mixed with other raw clays (4 clay deposits). In order to verify the use of these clays, five of them served as a model for making CEB. The strength of these bricks was evaluated by testing for compressive strength and abrasion resistance. The results of these tests confirm the suitability or not of the sampled clays for the manufacture of CEB.

scholarly journals Influence of Compacting Rate on the Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humphrey Danso
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks ◽  
Erosion Properties ◽  
Linear Correlations

Compaction of blocks contributes significantly to the strength properties of compressed earth blocks. This paper investigates the influence of compacting rates on the properties of compressed earth blocks. Experiments were conducted to determine the density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and erosion properties of compressed earth blocks produced with different rates of compacting speed. The study concludes that although the low rate of compaction achieved slightly better performance characteristics, there is no statistically significant difference between the soil blocks produced with low compacting rate and high compacting rate. The study demonstrates that there is not much influence on the properties of compressed earth blocks produced with low and high compacting rates. It was further found that there are strong linear correlations between the compressive strength test and density, and density and the erosion. However, a weak linear correlation was found between tensile strength and compressive strength, and tensile strength and density.

The influence of the addition of ground olive stone on the thermo-mechanical behavior of compressed earth blocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Samia Djadouf ◽  
Nasser Chelouah ◽  
Abdelkader Tahakourt
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Earth Blocks

Sustainable development and environmental challenges incite to valorize local materials such as agricultural waste. In this context, a new ecological compressed earth blocks (CEBS) with addition of ground olive stone (GOS) was proposed. The GOS is added as partial clay replacement in different proportions. The main objective of this paper is to study the effect of GOS levels on the thermal properties and mechanical behavior of CEB. We proceeded to determining the optimal water content and equivalent wet density by compaction using a hydraulic press, at a pressure of 10 MPa. The maximum compressive strength is reached at 15% of the GOS. This percentage increases the mechanical properties by 19.66%, and decreases the thermal conductivity by 37.63%. These results are due to the optimal water responsible for the consolidation and compactness of the clay matrix. The substitution up to 30% of GOS shows a decrease of compressive strength and thermal conductivity by about 38.38% and 50.64% respectively. The decrease in dry density and thermal conductivity is related to the content of GOS, which is composed of organic and porous fibers. The GOS seems promising for improving the thermo-mechanical characteristics of CEB and which can also be used as reinforcement in CEBS.

scholarly journals Bloques de Tierra Comprimida (BTC) estabilizados con cal y cemento. Evaluación de su impacto ambiental y su resistencia a compresión

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Santiago Pedro Cabrera ◽  
Yolanda Guadalupe Aranda-Jiménez ◽  
Edgardo Jonathan Suárez-Domínguez ◽  
Rodolfo Rotondaro
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
The City

This work presents the evaluation of the environmental impact and compressive strength of Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB) stabilized with hydrated aerial lime and Portland cement. For this, 12 series of blocks stabilized with different proportions of lime and cement were manufactured and the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology was used. After conducting these assays and simulations, it could be concluded that, using earth and sand typical of the city of Santa Fe (Argentina), stabilized with certain percentages of Portland cement between 5 and 10% in weight, CEB can be produced with sufficient levels of strength for them to be used in load-bearing walls, in this way minimizing the negative environmental impact associated with their manufacturing. It is also concluded that the stabilization with aerial lime does not increase the CEB’s compressive strength and, on the contrary, significantly increases their negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Attempts to Improve the Subsurface Properties of Horizontally-Formed Cementitious Composites Using Tin(II) Fluoride Nanoparticles

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Krzywiński ◽  
Łukasz Sadowski ◽  
Jacek Szymanowski ◽  
Andrzej Żak ◽  
Magdalena Piechówka-Mielnik
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Fluoride Nanoparticles

This article presents studies that were performed in order to improve the subsurface properties of horizontally-formed cementitious composites using tin(II) fluoride nanoparticles. The main aim of the study was to solve the problem of the decrease in subsurface properties caused by mortar bleeding and the segregation of the aggregate along the height of the overlay. The article also aims to highlight the patch grabbing difficulties that occur during the process of forming horizontally-formed cementitious composites. Four specimens were analyzed: one reference sample and three samples modified with the addition of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of tin(II) fluoride nanoparticles in relation to the cement mass. To analyze the mechanical properties of the specimens, non-destructive (ultrasonic pulse velocity) and destructive tests (flexural tensile strength, compressive strength, abrasion resistance, pull-off strength) were performed. It was indicated that due to the addition of the tin(II) fluoride, it was possible to enhance the subsurface tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the tested cementitious composites. To confirm the obtained macroscopic results, the porosity of the subsurface was measured using SEM. It was also shown that the addition of the tin(II) fluoride nanoparticles did not reduce its flexural and compressive strength. The results show that horizontally-formed cementitious composites with the addition of 1.0% of tin(II) fluoride nanoparticles in relation to the cement mass obtained the most effective mechanical performance, especially with regard to subsurface properties.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Thermal Performance Characterisation of Compressed Earth Blocks

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete R. Teixeira ◽  
Gilberto Machado ◽  
Adilson de P. Junior ◽  
Christiane Guarnier ◽  
Jorge Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Earth Blocks

The present research is focused on an experimental investigation to evaluate the mechanical, durability, and thermal performance of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) produced in Portugal. CEBs were analysed in terms of electrical resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, compressive strength, total water absorption, water absorption by capillarity, accelerated erosion test, and thermal transmittance evaluated in a guarded hotbox setup apparatus. Overall, the results showed that compressed earth blocks presented good mechanical and durability properties. Still, they had some issues in terms of porosity due to the particle size distribution of soil used for their production. The compressive strength value obtained was 9 MPa, which is considerably higher than the minimum requirements for compressed earth blocks. Moreover, they presented a heat transfer coefficient of 2.66 W/(m2·K). This heat transfer coefficient means that this type of masonry unit cannot be used in the building envelope without an additional thermal insulation layer but shows that they are suitable to be used in partition walls. Although CEBs have promising characteristics when compared to conventional bricks, results also showed that their proprieties could even be improved if optimisation of the soil mixture is implemented.

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Reinforced Mg-3Sn Alloy Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Pravir Kumar ◽  
Katerina Skotnicova ◽  
Ashis Mallick ◽  
Manoj Gupta ◽  
Tomas Cegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics

The present study investigated the effects of alloying and nano-reinforcement on the mechanical properties (microhardness, tensile strength, and compressive strength) of Mg-based alloys and composites. Pure Mg, Mg-3Sn alloy, and Mg-3Sn + 0.2 GNP alloy-nanocomposite were synthesized by powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion. The microstructural characteristics of the bulk extruded samples were explored using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy and their mechanical properties were compared. The microhardness, tensile strength, and compressive strength of the Mg-3Sn alloy improved when compared to those of monolithic Mg sample and further improvements were displayed by Mg-3Sn + 0.2 GNP alloy-nanocomposite. No significant change in the compressive strain to failure was observed in both the alloy and the alloy-nanocomposite with respect to that of the pure Mg sample. However, an enhanced tensile strain to failure was displayed by both the alloy and the alloy-nanocomposite.

scholarly journals Characterization of Clayey Soils from Congo and Physical Properties of Their Compressed Earth Blocks Reinforced with Post-Consumer Plastic Wastes

Geomaterials ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Elenga ◽  
B. Mabiala ◽  
L. Ahouet ◽  
J. Goma-Maniongui ◽  
G. F. Dirras
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Compressed Earth Blocks ◽  
Plastic Wastes ◽  
Earth Blocks

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization of Graphene Nanoplatelets-Reinforced Mg-3Sn Alloy Synthesized by Powder Metallurgy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravir Kumar ◽  
Katerina Skotnicova ◽  
Ashis Mallick ◽  
Manoj Gupta ◽  
Tomas Cegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics

The present study investigated the effects of alloying and nano-reinforcement on the mechanical properties (microhardness, tensile strength, and compressive strength) of Mg-based alloys and composites. Pure Mg, Mg-3Sn alloy, and Mg-3Sn+0.2GNP alloy-nanocomposite were synthesized by powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion. The microstructural characteristics of the bulk extruded samples were explored using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy and their mechanical properties were compared. The microhardness, tensile strength, and compressive strength of the Mg-3Sn alloy improved when compared to those of monolithic Mg sample and further improvements were displayed by Mg-3Sn+0.2GNP alloy-nanocomposite. No significant change in the compressive strain to failure was observed in both the alloy and the alloy-nanocomposite with respect to that of the pure Mg sample. However, an enhanced tensile strain to failure was displayed by both the alloy and the alloy-nanocomposite.

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