Microorganisms as nano-factories for metal nanoparticles synthesis
: Nanoparticles applications have revolutionized the different areas of the research. These include medicine, surgery, drug delivery, wastewater treatment, agriculture, cancer therapy, etc. The use of nanoparticles is increasing day by day to their popular, promising characteristics. With the excessive use of the nanoparticles, their accumulation in the organisms and different environments have been reported. A very high increase in the accumulation and toxicity of the nanoparticles nanoparticle been reported in this decade. Therefore, the nanoparticle research has been now shifted to find new techniques and methods to minimize the toxic effects of the nanoparticles. In this context, the requirement of a safe design approach and the generation of fewer toxic nanoparticles is required. One of the eco-friendly approaches for safer nanoparticles synthesis is the use of living organisms for nanoparticles production. Microbes especially, bacteria, fungi and yeasts, are considered safe, secure, and efficient systems for nanoparticle biosynthesis. This review is an attempt to understand the potential of the microbes for biosynthesis of nanoparticles.