Pharmacotherapies for Alzheimer’s Disease: From Natural Compounds to Target Synthetic Drugs

2013 ◽  
pp. 315-366
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Synthetic Drugs

Therapeutic Properties of Several Chemical Compounds from Salvia officinalis L. in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgiana Uță ◽  
Denisa Ștefania Manolescu ◽  
Speranța Avram
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L

Background.: Currently, the pharmacological management in Alzheimer's disease is based on several chemical structures, represented by acetylcholinesterase and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ligands, with still unclear molecular mechanisms, but severe side effects. For this reason, a challenge for Alzheimer's disease treatment remains to identify new drugs with reduced side effects. Recently, the natural compounds, in particular certain chemical compounds identified in the essential oil of peppermint, sage, grapes, sea buckthorn, have increased interest as possible therapeutics. Objectives.: In this paper, we have summarized data from the recent literature, on several chemical compounds extracted from Salvia officinalis L., with therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease. Methods.: In addition to the wide range of experimental methods performed in vivo and in vitro, also we presented some in silico studies of medicinal compounds. Results. Through this mini-review, we present the latest information regarding the therapeutic characteristics of natural compounds isolated from Salvia officinalis L. in Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion.: Thus, based on the information presented, we can say that phytotherapy is a reliable therapeutic method in a neurodegenerative disease.

Natural Compounds (Small Molecules) as Potential and Real Drugs of Alzheimer's Disease

2014 ◽  
pp. 153-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Cahlíková ◽  
Kateřina Macáková ◽  
Nina Benešová ◽  
Jakub Chlebek ◽  
Anna Hošťálková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Natural Compounds

scholarly journals Natural Compounds as Beneficial Antioxidant Agents in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Focus on Alzheimer’s Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Amato ◽  
Simona Terzo ◽  
Flavia Mulè
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Triggering Factor

The positive role of nutrition in chronic neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) suggests that dietary interventions represent helpful tools for preventing NDs. In particular, diets enriched with natural compounds have become an increasingly attractive, non-invasive, and inexpensive option to support a healthy brain and to potentially treat NDs. Bioactive compounds found in vegetables or microalgae possess special properties able to counteract oxidative stress, which is involved as a triggering factor in neurodegeneration. Here, we briefly review the relevant experimental data on curcuminoids, silymarin, chlorogenic acid, and compounds derived from the microalga Aphanizomenon flos aquae (AFA) which have been demonstrated to possess encouraging beneficial effects on neurodegeneration, in particular on Alzheimer’s disease models.

The therapeutic potential of natural compounds against Alzheimer's disease: A preclinical pharmacological study in both sexes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S544-S544
Author(s):  
N. Kokras ◽  
M. Dimitriadou ◽  
I. Sotiropoulos ◽  
A.L. Skaltsounis ◽  
A. Tsarbopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative neuropsychiatric disorder, is often comorbid with depression and anxiety. Neuropsychiatric disorders are also characterized by sex differences. However, most preclinical pharmacological studies are conducted using only males. Herein, we used male and female twelve-month-old mice (3xTg) expressing mutated forms of human proteins Tau, APP and Presenilin1. These mice are considered a valid animal model of AD. We investigated the effects of the natural compound trans-crocin-4 (TC-4), which is derived from Crocus sativus and the olive compound oleuropein on the cognitive, depressive and anxious profile of 3xTg mice. We found that male and female 3xTg mice exhibited reduced locomotor activity and oleuropeine treatment (100 mg/kg i.p., for 21 days) did not reverse this phenotype. In addition, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors were not affected by genotype, sex or oleuropeine treatment. Interestingly, oleuropeine exhibited a tendency to enhance cognitive performance in male 3xTg mice. Treatment with TC-4 (50 and 150 mg/kg, i.p., acutely or chronically for 10 days) affected locomotor activity in a sex-differentiated manner. Interestingly, acute TC-4 clearly enhanced cognitive performance in all groups although it reduced center entries in the open field. Additionally, chronic TC-4 treatment enhanced novel object discrimination mainly in male 3xTg mice. Our findings highlight the potential of those natural compounds, which warrant further investigation but also emphasize the benefits of including both males and females in preclinical pharmacological studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals In Silico Molecular Docking Approach Against Enzymes Causing Alzheimer’s Disease Using Borassus Flabellifer Linn

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Tom Abraham ◽  
H. Noorul Samsoon Maharifa ◽  
S Hemalatha
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Docking Approach ◽  
Life Threatening

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is a life-threatening neurodegenerative disorder. About 50 million people across the globe are affected by this disease. At final stages, this disease causes patients to lose cognitive ability, memory and brain cells to the point of being totally depend on other individuals for livelihood. The incidence of this disease is increasing across the world in the recent years, making the need of a better drug an urgency. Existing drugs show various side-effects and natural sources of medicinal drugs are being explored. In this study, we explore the activity of natural compounds isolated through GCMS analysis from the haustoria of palmyra palm against two major Alzheimer’s disease-causing enzymes, β-amyloid and Acetylcholinesterase. The binding affinity of these compounds against the target proteins and their pharmacokinetic properties were checked. Among the 37 compounds docked, 5 compounds showed good binding affinity and pharmacokinetic properties. These natural compounds showed a potential as a drug against Alzheimer’s disease. Further research is needed to study the synergistic activity of the compounds in live cells.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on 5hmC Targeting Regulation of Neurons in AD Mice by Several Natural Compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dongyi Cao ◽  
Dewei Jiang ◽  
Dongming Zhou ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Jiali Li
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Dendritic Branches ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

A series of studies have confirmed that DNA methylation disorder (5mC/5hmC) is closely related to the occurrence and development of some diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aims at discovering natural compounds that could adjust and control 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels and improve Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuronal status. Cordycepin and cordycepic acid were selected as research materials, with resveratrol as positive control. The results of Dot Blot indicated that cordycepin, cordycepic acid, and resveratrol significantly increased the expression level of 5hmC. Combined with qPCR results, it was revealed that cordycepin increased the expression of ten-eleven translocation (TETs) mRNA compared with the abovementioned cordycepic acid and resveratrol. Besides, cordycepin dramatically reduced the transcription level of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), suggesting that cordycepin might hinder the formation of NFTs (neurofibrillary tangles) and the accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the brain by reducing the expression of ApoE, resulting in affecting the progression of AD. Meanwhile, the immunofluorescence (IF) staining results demonstrated that the percentage of differentiation of SHSY-5Y cells reasonably increased after the treatment of cordycepin and cordycepic acid. Simultaneously, the length of axons and the number of dendritic branches in mouse primary neurons were substantially increased by cordycepin. The screening results illustrated that cordycepin had a positive influence on the level of 5hmC and the morphology of neurons, and most of the effects were better compared to the positive control (resveratrol). It indicated that cordycepin delayed the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. However, the specific mechanism of action still needs to be further investigated. Our research provided a foundation for further discussion about the influence of cordycepin on AD and a new idea for the pathological study of related diseases.

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