scholarly journals Role of Internet Accessibility in Reducing the Poverty rates in Java; a Spatial Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Andhy Hidayat ◽  
Ferry Prasetya ◽  
Farah Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Internet Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
Economic Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
New Strategies

The poverty reduction rate in Java was considered very low, thus requiring new strategies and policies, such as the improvement of internet accessibility. This study, using the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data, aimed to examine the role of internet accessibility to reduce poverty rates in Java through a spatial approach. The results showed that internet accessibility had a significant effect on the reduction of poverty rates in Java. It also found that the poverty rates in an area in Java were influenced by the types of works of household heads in the same location and the poverty rates in neighboring areas (spatial spillover effects). This study recommended that the Government, in reducing poverty rates, focuses on providing internet infrastructure and, more, on spatial aspects.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic Uncertainty Shock Impact on Macroeconomic Stability in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Habtamu Girma DEMIESSIE
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Shock Effect ◽  
Food Transport ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macroeconomic Stability

This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic uncertainty shock on the macroeconomic stability in Ethiopia in the short run period. The World Pandemic Uncertainty Index (WPUI) was used a proxy variable to measure COVID-19 Uncertainty shock effect. The pandemic effect on core macroeconomic variables like investment, employment, prices (both food & non-food prices), import, export and fiscal policy indicators was estimated and forecasted using Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Model. The role of fiscal policy in mitigating the shock effect of coronavirus pandemic on macroeconomic stability is also investigated. The finding of the study reveals that the COVID-19 impact lasts at least three years to shake the economy of Ethiopia. Given that the Ethiopian economy heavily relies on import to supply the bulk of its consumption and investment goods, COVID-19 uncertainty effect starts as supply chain shock, whose effect transmitted into the domestic economy via international trade channel. The pandemic uncertainty shock effect is also expected to quickly transcend to destabilize the economy via aggregate demand, food & non-food prices, investment, employment and export shocks. The overall impact of COVID-19 pandemic uncertainty shock is interpreted into the economy by resulting under consumption at least in the next three years since 2020. Therefore, the government is expected to enact incentives/policy directions which can boost business confidence. A managed expansionary fiscal policy is found key to promote investment, employment and to stabilize food & non-food prices. A particular role of fiscal policy was identified to stabilizing food, transport and communication prices. The potency of fiscal policies in stabilizing food, transport and communication prices go in line with the prevailing reality in Ethiopia where government has strong hands to control those markets directly and/or indirectly. This suggests market failure featuring COVID-19 time, calling for managed interventions of governments to promote market stabilities. More importantly, price stabilization policies of the government can have spillover effects in boosting aggregate demand by spurring investments (and widening employment opportunities) in transport/logistics, hotel & restaurant, culture & tourism and export sectors in particular.

scholarly journals ANALISIS SPASIAL KELEMBAGAAN PETANI DAN KEMISKINAN PETANI TANAMAN PANGAN MENGGUNAKAN GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION DI PROVINSI JAMBI

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Inti Pertiwi Nashwari ◽  
Ernan Rustiadi ◽  
Hermanto Siregar ◽  
Bambang Juanda
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Spatial Approach ◽  
The Government ◽  
Crop Farmer

<p class="judulabstrakindo"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="abstrak">Empat puluh persen (40%) masyarakat Indonesia yang terlibat dalam pertanian masih hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Berbagai upaya-upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengurangi tingginya jumlah petani miskin belum mampu menurunkan kemiskinan petani secara berarti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh kegiatan pertanian, fasilitas fisik pertanian dan akses kelembagaan petani terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan petani tanaman pangan di Provinsi Jambi. Provinsi Jambi dipilih sebagai lokasi penelitian karena wilayah ini memiliki kemiskinan di pedesaan yang tinggi dan Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) yang paling rendah di Indonesia. Pendekatan spasial metode <em>Geographically Weighted Regression</em> (GWR) dipilih sebagai pendekatan alternatif dalam analisis kemiskinan petani karena dapat mempertimbangkan adanya keragaman karakteristik kemiskinan dan penyebab kemiskinan yang berbeda di masing-masing wilayah. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa banyaknya desa dengan jaringan jalan beton/aspal berpengaruh signifikan dalam menurunkan kemiskinan petani tanaman pangan di beberapa kecamatan Kabupaten Kerinci, satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Merangin dan seluruh kecamatan di Kabupaten Sungai Penuh. Semakin besar persentase desa yang melakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan dana bergulir/simpan pinjam untuk modal usaha pertanian selama tiga tahun terakhir di Kabupaten Sungai Penuh dan beberapa kecamatan di Kabupaten Kerinci akan menurunkan jumlah kemiskinan petani tanaman pangan di wilayah tersebut. Keberadaan fasilitas irigasi dan kegiatan pertanian tidak ada yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan kemiskinan petani tanaman pangan.</p><p class="abstrak"><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: kemiskinan, petani tanaman pangan, analisis spasial, <em>Geographically Weighted Regression</em></p><p class="judulabstraking"><em><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></em></p><p class="keyword"><em>Forty percent (40%) of Indonesian people in agriculture sectors are still living under the poverty line. The government policies have been implemented to reduce poor farmers but it’s not significant. The purpose of this study is to describe the spatial pattern of agricultural activity, the agricultural facilities and farmers access to the farm institution and to analyze its impact on poverty reduction in food crop farmers in Jambi Province. Jambi Province is selected because have high number of poverty in rural area and the lowest Farmer’s Term of Trade Indices (NTP) in Indonesia. Spatial approach Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to analyze the factors influencing the poverty among food crops famers and consider the diversity of the characteristics of poverty and a cause of poverty is different in each region. The result of this study are rural area with asphaltroads was significantly influence reducing poverty food crop farmers in several districts Kerinci, districts Merangin and districts Sungai Penuh. Rural area with empowerment activities by revolving fund for agriculture also significantly influence reducing poverty food crop farmers in the district Sungai Penuh and district Kerinci in the last three years. The irrigation facilities and agricultural activities not significant reduce farmers crops poverty.</em></p><p class="keyword"><em><strong>Keywords</strong>: poverty, food crop farmer, spatial analysis, Geographically Weighted Regression</em></p>

Role of Women Empowerment Clubs in Poverty Reduction in Zambia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Flora Ngoma
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Women's Clubs ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Parts

The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of women empowerment clubs in poverty reduction in Zambia. The study targeted some women empowerment groups in different parts of the country. The objectives of this study were as follows; to find out if women’s clubs contribute to poverty reduction among women, to examine the challenges that women’s club experiences and to determine measures that could be put in place to overcome the challenges. The research design of the study was a survey design which used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A sample of 50 women was selected from 10 women empowerment clubs in various parts of Zambia which include Lusaka, Chinsali and Senanga. The data was collected using questionnaires. The findings of the study revealed that women have been empowered by the clubs. They have acquired skills and knowledge that some of them have used to start small businesses. These small businesses help the women to earn an income that helps them to run their households and send children to school. The study therefore recommended that the government and other stakeholders must help in financing the women empowerment clubs and a local and international market should be created to allow women to sell whatever the make and produce in their empowerment group or clubs.

THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-264
Author(s):  
Olayemi Henry Omotayo ◽  
Aderemi Timothy Ayomitunde ◽  
Ojelade Lydia Omolola ◽  
Adebayo Abiola Georgina
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Empirical Perspective ◽  
The Government

Abstract In Nigeria, several advocacies have been raised in different fora over time that agriculture is capable of reducing poverty in the country. An attempt to empirically validate the above argument has generated a policy mix in the literature. Therefore, further empirical investigation about this subject matter becomes imperative. Consequently, the study utilized the DOLS and Granger Causality Approach to address the objective of this study. However, the principal findings that emerged in this study are as follows: in the long run, there is a significant positive relationship between the employment in agriculture and poverty level, inflation rate and poverty level have a negative relationship with each other. Meanwhile, agricultural output causes a significant reduction in the poverty level. Also, one-way feedback relationship runs from agricultural output to the poverty level in the country. Based on the findings that originated in this study, this paper makes the following recommendations for the policymakers, future researchers and all the stakeholders in the agricultural sector in Nigeria that agricultural output has the capacity to reduce poverty level in the country. This implies that when poverty reduction is the target of the policymakers in the country, manipulating agricultural output will induce the reduction in poverty level in the long run. Also the government should possess political goodwill to revamp agricultural sector.

The Spillover Effects of Political Scandals: The Moderating Role of Cynicism and Social Media Communications

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis L. F. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Political Cynicism ◽  
Political Communications ◽  
Media Communications ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Scandals ◽  
Moderating Role

This study examines how political cynicism and social media communications moderate the spillover effects of political scandals, that is, the extent to which a scandal surrounding one political figure may influence people’s attitudes toward other political objects. Theoretically, spillover effects are understood as grounded in how people understand the interconnections among politicians and institutions. Analysis of a representative survey in Hong Kong documents the presence of spillover effects of scandals surrounding the Chief Executive of the government. The findings also illustrate the moderating role of political cynicism and, to a lesser extent, political communications via social media.

Parliament and Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh: Role of the MP

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizam Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
The Government

This article explores the role of Members of Parliament (MPs) in poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. Under the existing party-dominated parliamentary system, MPs do not have really much to do at the national level; their role is to play second fiddle to their party leaders. What most MPs now do is to try to get involved in different kinds of activities at the local level. The government often remains receptive to demands of the MPs for greater local level involvement for two reasons: first, it can be seen as a strategy to compensate the MPs for their lack of genuine involvement in national policymaking; second, it is used as a strategy to exert centralised political control over the locality, especially to discourage the emergence of any ‘autonomous’ local power. Using MPs for centralised control has negative implications for the development of local level representative institutions and democracy deepening in the country.

scholarly journals INCREASING THE ROLE OF ZAKAT INSTITUTIONS IN POVERTY REDUCTION THROUGH PRODUCTIVE ZAKAT PROGRAMS IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1250
Author(s):  
Sutrisno ◽  
Razali Haron
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Strategic Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Needy

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to identify zakat programs that have been implemented by zakat institutions in the context of increasing social roles, especially to reduce poverty. This study concludes that a strategic program in the distribution of zakat to help the poor improve their welfare. Methodology: This study adopts a document analysis approach involving a series of systematic steps to review the research documents with the checking of data, interpreting them to get a deep understanding, obtaining the meaning contained, and scientific development in research. Main Findings: The implementation of the productive zakat program carried out by zakat institutions in Indonesia can reduce poverty. Almost all the funds' distribution programs carried out by zakat institutions run smoothly and have been proven to reduce poverty. The recipients of zakat who participated in the productive zakat program also showed an increment in their welfare. Applications: Zakat institutions in Indonesia can adopt productive zakat programs to reduce poverty. Besides, zakat institutions can increase their role in improving the welfare of the poor. On the other hand, the role of empowerment, primarily through the productive zakat program, can be applied in all zakat institutions in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality: The productive zakat program can be used as a model by the government as a means to improve the welfare of the community. Furthermore, the role of the zakat institution as a representative of the implementation of social care will increasingly be felt by the community, especially the needy recipients of zakat.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ROLE OF SUB-DISTRICT SOCIAL WELFARE WORKERS (TKSK) IN THE POVERTY PREVENTION PROGRAM IN THE SOCIAL OFFICE OF BONE BOLANGO REGENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Sri Susanty Bata ◽  
Lisdawati Muda ◽  
Zuchri Abdussamad
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
The Government ◽  
Welfare Workers

Poverty is considered as a complex and multidimensional public problem. Poverty problems become a complex problem so that a country cannot have the ability to eradicate poverty on its own. The majority of Indonesians are at a low economic level. This condition causes the poverty rate in Indonesia to increase from year to year.In the context of accelerating poverty reduction as well as developing policies in the field of social protection, the Government of Indonesia has implemented various poverty alleviation programs such as the social assistance program. To make the program successful, it is assisted by a team of sub-district social welfare workers (TKSK). The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the Role of Sub-District Social Welfare Workers (TKSK) in the Poverty Reduction Program at the Social Office of Bone Bolango Regency and its inhibiting factors.The analytical method used in this research was a qualitative data analysis method, using an interactive model. The data collection model used in this research was conducted through observation, interviews and documentation.Based on the results of the study, it shows that the role of sub-district social welfare workers (TKSK) in the Poverty Reduction Program considering from the aspect of the role as coordinator, role as facilitator and role as administrator has been implemented but has not been effectively implemented. It also considers the competency factors and hindering facilities.

scholarly journals Model poverty reduction through social and economic institutional empowerment of poor communities in South Sulawesi

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32
Author(s):  
Nujum ◽  
Annas Plyriadi ◽  
Ramlawati Ramlawati
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Mentoring Program ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Poor Communities

This research aims (1) to reviewing the extent to which the role of the Government in implementing the model of empowerment of marginal/poor communities through mentoring program in learning, (2). Reviewing and explain the benefits of implementing the poor's empowerment program to alleviate poverty, (3). To review how to implement the poverty alleviate model that is more in line with the local wisdom of the people of South Sulawesi.The Research results show that (1). Institutional social and institutional Economics that exist in the community in the region Mamminasata South Sulawesi in generally not have the ability to empower the community because it has not received optimal support from the government and private. (2). In general, the education and skills of the community are still low so that people face limitations in living their lives, especially in economic activities, so tend to be unproductive and powerless and become poor.

scholarly journals Tata Kelola Kolaboratif Pada Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Penanggulangan Kemiskinan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Rahma Putri Khasanah ◽  
Eko Priyo Purnomo ◽  
Aulia Nur Kasiwi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Institutional Strengthening ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

This article aims to describe the role of the stakeholders involved in forming collaborative governance in community empowerment programs. The problem is focused on poverty alleviation. To approach this problem, the theoretical references from Ansell and Gash 2007 regarding the implementation of collaborative governance are used. Data is collected through literature study based on previous research and direct observation and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that research where collaborative governance among stakeholders, where the government is a facilitator, community activeness as well as institutional strengthening within it, as well as private sector assistance in community empowerment will produce a real contribution in national poverty reduction. The poor are no longer the object of mitigation, but rather the subject which in the whole process involves the community. With the empowerment program, the community has a job and eliminates the poor culture of the poor who only depend on direct assistance from the government.

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