Ethnicity, Migration, And Entrepreneurship In Indonesia

Extant studies demonstrate the vital roles of ethnicity group and culture influencing individual intention and decision to become an entrepreneur. Meanwhile, in the entrepreneurial decision, each ethnic group has different preferences regarding where to run it, at the origin or overseas. This study examines the roles of group ethnicity and culture in affecting the likelihood of an individual’s choosing entrepreneurship as their occupation using the combined data of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) and the Population Census Report. Our findings substantiate that group ethnicity and culture significantly influence the likelihood of entrepreneurial decisions. Furthermore, using Javanese as a reference, we found the Balinese, Batak, Chinese, South Sumatran, and Minangkabau tend towards entrepreneurship. The difference is that the Balinese, Batak, Chinese, and South Sumatran tend to run their business around where they live, while the Minangkabau are overseas.

TESTING FOR INDONESIAN AND VIET NAM PRICE TRANSMISSION IN THE UNITED STATES TUNA MARKETS

This study aims to analyze Indonesia and Viet Nam price transmission as the main exporters of frozen yellowfin tuna to the United States (US) assuming that the market structure is oligopoly. Using monthly time series data of Indonesia, Viet Nam and US frozen yellowfin tuna prices with harmonized system code 03034200 from January 2006 to December 2018 and analyzed through an Asymmetric Error Correction Model (AECM), this study finds that both prices of Indonesia and Viet Nam are integrated to the US prices. Additionally, there are two-way causality relationships between both exporting countries as well as Viet Nam and the US. The short-term price transmission of Viet Nam has an asymmetrical effect on Indonesian prices while on the long-term, the price transmission among three countries occurs symmetrically which indicates that a competitive international market exists. Indonesia’s policy in increasing its market share in the US is not independent, but it is influenced by the price of Viet Nam as its main competitor. The findings of this study are relevant to fill the gap in the literature by providing a supporting evidence regarding price transmission between two main exporters to the US frozen yellowfin tuna market.

INTEGRATED LINKAGES TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF DINOYO CERAMIC VILLAGE, MALANG

Dinoyo is a ceramic handicraft center in Malang City. The cultural potential of the Dinoyo people, especially ceramic craftsmen, which has survived to this day is one of the fulcrums for cultural preservation efforts. The purpose of this research is to create a marketing strategy, to improve the sustainability of the Dinoyo Ceramic Village both in terms of production and function of the village as a center for literacy and cultural preservation in Malang City and one of them is through the optimization of promotional media to increase sales and support promotional events in Dinoyo Ceramic Village. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative structured interviews. The results showed that the dinoyo ceramic village had not made good use of the marketing strategy so that it needed optimization of online media partnerships and the use of online social media. Thus this research contributes to increasing the competitiveness of dinoyo ceramics in order to improve community welfare.

Role of Internet Accessibility in Reducing the Poverty rates in Java; a Spatial Approach

The poverty reduction rate in Java was considered very low, thus requiring new strategies and policies, such as the improvement of internet accessibility. This study, using the 2018 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) data, aimed to examine the role of internet accessibility to reduce poverty rates in Java through a spatial approach. The results showed that internet accessibility had a significant effect on the reduction of poverty rates in Java. It also found that the poverty rates in an area in Java were influenced by the types of works of household heads in the same location and the poverty rates in neighboring areas (spatial spillover effects). This study recommended that the Government, in reducing poverty rates, focuses on providing internet infrastructure and, more, on spatial aspects.

SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON PERCEPTION OF TOURISM IN DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE: CASE STUDY OF OLD CITY AND KEPULAUAN SERIBU

The purpose of this study is to determine the perceptions of tourists in two tourist destinations in DKI Jakarta which are included in the National Tourism Strategic Area (KSPN), namely Kota Tua and Kepulauan Seribu by conducting a sentiment analysis. The analysis was carried out on traveler reviews in the form of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) submitted on the tripadvisor site. The results of the study found that in general the sentiment of tourists towards these two destinations was positive, and each year there was an increasing trend. However, based on the exploration of sentiments that have negative connotations, it is known that the problems of odor, garbage and pollution are of great concern to tourists. Other aspects of concern to tourists are the need for better governance by local governments, and the need for standard facilities and services.

THE ROLE OF VILLAGE FUNDS IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE (A Case Study in Jombang Regency)

This study aimed to analyze the factors that affect village original income as a component of village financial independence and evaluate the role of village funds for community empowerment in strengthening the influence of VoE on village original income in Jombang Regency. This study used the Moderated Regression analytical method with the Robust Least Square method to test the cross-sectional data provided by Siskeudes of Jombang Regency of 2019. The analysis results showed that village asset utilization affects village original income positively and significantly. Furthermore, it also confirmed the moderating role of the village fund for community empowerment in strengthening the influence of Village-owned Enterprise (VoE) on village original income. These findings indicated that the allocation of village funds to targeted community cmpowerment activities has encouraged the role of VoE in increasing village original income.

Migration Flow and Social Protection Policy: Case Study Indonesia – Malaysia

Nowadays, the rest of the world concentrates on increasing global economies through the development of technology and productivity growth. This intent creates uneven economic opportunities, inequality, and social disparity between developed, developing, and undeveloped countries. On the other hand, the discrepancy between them contributes to increasing the migration flow, particularly in ASEAN. Moreover, the population movement between Indonesia-Malaysia majority is a low-skilled migrant and brings several problems for both countries. Thus, the scheme of social protection for a migrant becomes a crucial matter to implement. Hence, this paper aims to acknowledge the migration flow and assess Indonesia and Malaysia's social protection schemes. The result shows that distance is an essential variable of Indonesia's worker migrant than Malaysia's wage rate. Hence, the discourse for stopping worker migrants, particularly domestic workers, is not a great solution. Notably, the government should create a proper MoU with Malaysia to protect worker migrants, particularly domestic workers.

An Analysis of Consumer Behaviors in Choosing Public Transportation

Various efforts have been done to overcome or at least reduce the severe congestion in Jakarta. For this reason, the local government continues to carry out various strategies. And PT TransJakarta as a company under the auspices of the local government that manages several modes of transportation, also has a big role in overcoming congestion in Jakarta. One of them is by launching several public transportations so that many people will switch to use public transportation. Recently, Transjakarta launched a microbus type public transportation called Mikrotrans. To make it works, TransJakarta must be able to attract public interest to use microtrans. For this reason, a special strategies are needed to attract customers. One of the most important aspects is by controlling the quality of the service in order to make customer satisfied. Several aspects of microtrans service quality are investigated which have major influences on increasing customer satisfaction. And the results show that in general the quality of service at Mikrotrans is quite good. The result shows that the variables of service quality in mikrotrans are good enough in the customer although it still requires evaluation or improvement in several aspects.

Local Pride Movement as A Local Sneaker Branding Strategy

This study aims to determine the awakening of the local pride tagline or slogan as a movement for the community to be proud to use a local sneaker brand. In this study, branding theory is used to analyze the formation of a tagline for local pride or pride in Indonesian-made products. The results of this study illustrate that the local pride campaign which is influenced by the practice of cross-industry collaboration with influencers is able to build brand personality for local shoe products towards consumer buying interest. The level of consumer ethnocentrism in the community forms brand awareness which has a significant effect on purchasing decisions for local shoe products, this is also in line with government policy through restrictions on imported commodities for products or goods that can be made domestically. The use of digital marketing content carried out by local products with the theme of being made proud of Indonesian products becomes a brand campaign through the hashtag #LocalPride to increase sales of local shoes (footwear) products, as well as a promotional tool that has proven to be very effective in increasing the number of followers of social media accounts.

Determinants of Household Poverty Status in Kediri City

Analyses of the causes and the characteristics of poverty at micro levels provide more efficient strategies for the attainment of main Sustainable Development Goals. This study aimed to analyze the extent to which the characteristics of individuals, households, and communities influence the probability of household poverty status. The 2019 Social Welfare Integrated Data and Village Potential Data of Kediri City were analyzed using an ordered logit regression model and then interpreted based on marginal effect calculation. The study found that household heads’ squared-age, household members’ education, household members’ occupation, household head gender (female), ownership of assets, access to the internet, access to proper sanitation, and access to financial institutions reduced the probability of households being categorized as very poor and poor. This finding indicated that household productivity influenced by the household head’s characteristics in managing productive assets, supported by access to infrastructure, could increase the household's welfare. However, the household head’s age and marital status, dependency ratio, and access to health facilities increased household’s probability of being very poor and poor. Policies regarding poverty must be adjusted to the poverty characteristics and status. Improving access, equalizing education, and improving job opportunity and infrastructure management that ensure accessibility and enhancement in service quality need to be made to increase the status of households with the lowest 40% welfare in Kediri City. Policies regarding poverty should be focused more on social programs for very poor and poor households. Meanwhile, those near-poor and vulnerable-to-poor need more empowering programs.