scholarly journals Dynamics and development patterns of Pinus sylvestris L. - Fagus sylvatica L. stands in Central Rhodope

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Milios
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
The Difference

The  study was conducted in second growth stands in the central Rhodope mountains  and    (specially) in the region of Xanthi. In order to determine the dynamics and  the development    patterns of Pinus sylvestris - Fagus sylvatica stands, 39 plots were established, trees were cut,    increment cores were taken, and stem analysis was conducted in 4 couples of  dominant    (competitive) pine and beech trees. The main results of this research  indicate that a) The    population structures, the regeneration and development patterns are  strongly influenced by    human and natural disturbances and species 'life history characteristics'.  b) The difference in    site quality between site types results in differences in the duration of  beech invasion (under pine) and in species basal area distribution. c) In good site qualities when individual dominant    beech and Scots pine (competitive) trees with a small age difference grew  together, the beech    trees, in some cases, have almost the same height growth as the pines and  the pine trees    showed a delayed (for the species) culmination in current annual volume  increment which is not    followed by a abrupt fall. d) The process of secondary succession is  influenced by disturbances    regime, environment, propagule availability and species biology.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of losses in growth of trees caused by the feeding of pine shoot beetles Tomicus piniperda and T. minor (Col., Scolytidae) in Scots pine stands growing within range of the influence of a timber yard in southern Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tomicus Piniperda ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetles ◽  
Scots Pine Stands

This study deals with the assessment of increment losses in Scots pine trees caused by the maturation feeding of pine shoot beetles Tomicus piniperda (L.) and T. minor (Hart.) (Col., Scolytidae) in even-aged stands growing during their entire life span within range of the influence of a sawmill and its timber yard. In spring 2004, on three sample plots, 0.2 ha in size, situated 60, 200, and 500 m from the yard, height and dbh of all trees were measured and increment cores were taken from randomly selected sample trees. An agreement between the spatial distribution of losses in tree increments and the distribution of damage to crowns of investigated stands indicated that the losses resulted from the maturation feeding of pine shoot beetles migrating from the sawmill timber yard. Divergence of growth in the about 25-years-old stand indicated the beginning of intensive feeding of beetles in pine shoots with a high level of probability. In comparison with the control stand the basal area losses in stands growing 60 and 200 m from the beetle source amounted to 57% and 46%, respectively. The difference in the height of trees was as large as almost 100%.

Structure and development patterns analysis of the Ostrya carpinifolia pure and mixed stands in the western part of Nestos valley

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Milios
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ostrya Carpinifolia

The  study was conducted in Ostrya carpinifolia (pure and mixed) stands in the slopes of the    western part of Nestos valley (in the region of Xanthi). In order to  analyze the structure and the    development patterns of our stands, 41 plots were established, trees were  cut, increment cores    were taken, and stem analysis was conducted in 3 couples of dominant  (competitive) trees. The    main results of this research indicate that a) O.  carpinifolia (pure and mixed) stands origin,    initiation, development patterns, structure and spatial distribution were  strongly affected by    anthropogenic disturbances. b) The development patterns and structures  (today) of O.    carpinifolia structural types were also affected  by three other important factors: the growth    ecology of each species, their regeneration mechanisms and the quality of  the site. c) O.    carpinifolia and F. ornus trees, until the age of 80  - 100 years old, dominate in the upper storeys,    exhibiting similar height growth patterns, whereas C. orienta lis trees usually are  stratified in the    lower storeys. d) The site sensitivity classification of the three main  species, in O. carpinifolia    mixed stands, is as follows O. carpinifolia > F. ornus > C. orientalis. This site sensitivity difference    between the main species of our mixed stands has a significant effect in  the formation of their    structure. We observe a gradual alteration of the species contribution, in  the total basal area of    the stand, in relation to site quality. e) O.  carpinifolia trees maintain a high sprouting  capacity in    medium ages (around 50 years old), whereas the most vigorous 30 years old  stump sprouts,    have high growth rhythms that are greater than those which had the seed  origin standards in    the first 30 years of their lives. f) The main silviculture objective is to  convert almost all stands in    seed origin stands. Furthermore, forest practice must favor multiple  species mixed stands. Their    composition must be determined in relation to site quality.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Stand Growth Model System for Loblolly Pine Responding to Mid-Rotation Treatments

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Mauricio Zapata-Cuartas ◽  
Bronson P. Bullock ◽  
Cristian R. Montes ◽  
Michael B. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Model System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Plantation Management ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Dominant Height

Intensive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation management in the southeastern United States includes mid-rotation silvicultural practices (MRSP) like thinning, fertilization, competitive vegetation control, and their combinations. Consistent and well-designed long-term studies considering interactions of MRSP are required to produce accurate projections and evaluate management decisions. Here we use longitudinal data from the regional Mid-Rotation Treatment study established by the Plantation Management Research Cooperative (PMRC) at the University of Georgia across the southeast U.S. to fit and validate a new dynamic model system rooted in theoretical and biological principles. A Weibull pdf was used as a modifier function coupled with the basal area growth model. The growth model system and error projection functions were estimated simultaneously. The new formulation results in a compatible and consistent growth and yield system and provides temporal responses to treatment. The results indicated that the model projections reproduce the observed behavior of stand characteristics. The model has high predictive accuracy (the cross-validation variance explained was 96.2%, 99.7%, and 98.6%; and the prediction root mean square distance was 0.704 m, 19.1 trees ha−1, and 1.03 m2ha−1 for dominant height (DH), trees per hectare (N), and basal area (BA), respectively), and can be used to project the current stand attributes following combinations of MRSP and with different thinning intensities. Simulations across southern physiographic regions allow us to conclude that the most overall ranking of MRSP after thinning is fertilization + competitive vegetation control (Fert + CVC) > fertilization only (Fert) > competitive vegetation control only (CVC), and Fert + CVC show less than additive effect. Because of the model structure, the response to treatment changes with location, age of application, and dominant height growth as indicators of site quality. Therefore, the proposed model adequately represents regional growth conditions.

scholarly journals How Does Radial Growth of Water-Stressed Populations of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Trees Vary under Multiple Drought Events?

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tamalika Chakraborty ◽  
Albert Reif ◽  
Andreas Matzarakis ◽  
Somidh Saha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica L ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Neighborhood Competition

European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees are becoming vulnerable to drought, with a warming climate. Existing studies disagree on how radial growth varies in European beech in response to droughts. We aimed to find the impact of multiple droughts on beech trees’ annual radial growth at their ecological drought limit created by soil water availability in the forest. Besides, we quantified the influence of competition and canopy openness on the mean basal area growth of beech trees. We carried out this study in five near-natural temperate forests in three localities of Germany and Switzerland. We quantified available soil water storage capacity (AWC) in plots laid in the transition zone from oak to beech dominated forests. The plots were classified as ‘dry’ (AWC < 60 mL) and ‘less-dry’ (AWC > 60 mL). We performed dendroecological analyses starting from 1951 in continuous and discontinuous series to study the influence of climatic drought (i.e., precipitation-potential evapotranspiration) on the radial growth of beech trees in dry and less-dry plots. We used observed values for this analysis and did not use interpolated values from interpolated historical records in this study. We selected six drought events to study the resistance, recovery, and resilience of beech trees to drought at a discontinuous level. The radial growth was significantly higher in less-dry plots than dry plots. The increase in drought had reduced tree growth. Frequent climatic drought events resulted in more significant correlations, hence, increased the dependency of tree growth on AWC. We showed that the recovery and resilience to climatic drought were higher in trees in less-dry plots than dry plots, but it was the opposite for resistance. The resistance, recovery, and resilience of the trees were heterogeneous between the events of drought. Mean growth of beech trees (basal area increment) were negatively impacted by neighborhood competition and positively influenced by canopy openness. We emphasized that beech trees growing on soil with low AWC are at higher risk of growth decline. We concluded that changes in soil water conditions even at the microsite level could influence beech trees’ growth in their drought limit under the changing climate. Along with drought, neighborhood competition and lack of light can also reduce beech trees’ growth. This study will enrich the state of knowledge about the ongoing debate on the vulnerability of beech trees to drought in Europe.

EXPRESS: Serum Carbohydrate Antigen72-4 levels decrease with age in females but not males in Beijing, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322110269
Author(s):  
Tongmei Duan ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Ronghai Li ◽  
Huijuan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Beijing China

Objective: Carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) is widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of many cancers. However, there are few studies on the differences of CA72-4 levels in terms of age and gender. Methods: 10957 healthy subjects were divided into two groups according to gender and three age groups. The serum CA72-4 were detected. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. Results: The CA72-4 level in female group was significantly higher than that in male group. The level of CA72-4 gradually decreased with age. Compared with the age >60 group, the CA72-4 levels were increased in the age 46-60 group and 16-45 group (P >0.05, respectively). To better observe the age difference, the age 16-45 and 46–60 group were combined into the age 16-60 group. In comparison to the age >60 group, the CA72-4 level of age 16-60 group was significantly increased (P =0.000). In the age >60 group, there was no difference between genders. Nevertheless, the difference between the sexes in the age 16-60 group was significant (P =0.023). Conclusions: The reference interval of CA72-4 for local healthy population was established. CA72-4 levels gradually decreased with the increase of age, and CA72-4 level in females aged 16-60 years (0-18.0 U/mL) was higher than in males (0-14.5 U/mL), however there was no gender difference in the age group above 60 years old (0-14.5 U/mL). Moreover, male CA72-4 was no significant difference among all age groups, while the potential mechanism of female changes with age needed further study.

scholarly journals Determinants of Behavioral Intention of the Use of Self-Order Kiosks in Fast-Food Restaurants: Focus on the Moderating Effect of Difference Age

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110319
Author(s):  
Tae Kyun Na ◽  
Jae Yeon Yang ◽  
Sun Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Fast Food Restaurant ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Cognitive Age ◽  
Fast Food Restaurants ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Minimal Effort

The aim of this study was to derive determinants that affect the behavior associated with using self-order kiosks among fast-food restaurant consumers through the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model, and to analyze the moderating effect of consumers’ difference age (difference between individuals’ cognitive age and chronological age) among the variables. From December 1 to 30, 2019, a survey was conducted on 316 customers using four different fast-food restaurants in the Seoul Station. The results showed that the higher the price value, social influence, performance expectancy, and hedonic motivation, the higher the behavioral intention of ordering through the kiosk; furthermore, the higher the difference age, the higher the behavioral intention of using a kiosk. Therefore, fast-food restaurant operators need to ensure that customers who are unfamiliar with using kiosks can order and make payments through kiosks with minimal effort and reasonable price value.

scholarly journals Patterns of laccase and peroxidases in coarse woody debris of Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris and their relation to different wood parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Arnstadt ◽  
Björn Hoppe ◽  
Tiemo Kahl ◽  
Harald Kellner ◽  
Dirk Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris

scholarly journals Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) dynamics in the Welsh Marches during the mid to late-Holocene

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199465
Author(s):  
Dael Sassoon ◽  
William J Fletcher ◽  
Alastair Hotchkiss ◽  
Fern Owen ◽  
Liting Feng
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Peat Core ◽  
New Information ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pollen Records

Around 4000 cal yr BP, Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris) suffered a widespread demise across the British Isles. This paper presents new information about P. sylvestris populations found in the Welsh Marches (western central Britain), for which the long-term history and origins are poorly known. Two new pollen records were produced from the Lin Can Moss ombrotrophic bog (LM18) and the Breidden Hill pond (BH18). The LM18 peat core is supported by loss-on-ignition, humification analysis and radiocarbon dating. Lead concentrations were used to provide an estimated timeframe for the recent BH18 record. In contrast to many other Holocene pollen records from the British Isles, analysis of LM18 reveals that Scots pine grains were deposited continuously between c. 6900–300 cal yr BP, at frequencies of 0.3–5.4%. It is possible that individual Scots pine trees persisted through the wider demise on thin soils of steep drought-prone crags of hills or the fringes of lowland bogs in the Welsh Marches. At BH18, the record indicates a transition from broadleaved to mixed woodland, including conifer species introduced around AD 1850 including Picea and Pinus. The insights from BH18 suggest that the current populations may largely be the result of planting. Comparison of the LM18 findings with other regional pollen records highlights consistent patterns, including a Mid-Holocene maximum (ca. 7000 cal yr BP), long-term persistence at low pollen percentages and a Late-Holocene minimum (ca. 3000 cal yr BP). These distinctive trends encourage further studies on refugial areas for Scots pine in this region and elsewhere.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document