scholarly journals Some endemic medicinal plants of Andamans with antimicrobial potential

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Asma Bibi ◽  
A. Thangamani ◽  
V. Venkatesalu
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Andaman Islands ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of some endemic plant species used in folkloric medicine by the inhabitants of Andaman Islands, India. The ethanol extracts prepared from the leaves of four plants viz; Alstonia kurzii, Tabernaemontana crispa, Mangifera andamanica and Vitex diversifolia were assessed for antibacterial activity against clinically isolated human pathogenic bacteria and antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi. The ethanol extracts showed more inhibition towards Gram positive than Gram negative bacteria and the bacterial strains showed more susceptibility than the fungal strains tested. Among the plants, Vitex diversifolia exhibited the highest antibacterial activity and Mangifera andamanica showed the highest antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Effects of extraction solvent/technique on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of spring saffron (Crocus vernus (L.) Hill)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Horozić
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Spring saffron (lat. Crocus vernus (L.)Hill) is a perennial from the Iridaceae family. Purple or white coloured flowers bloom in the early spring. Saffron is commonly used in cookery, but because of its healing properties, crocus is also used in medicine for improving blood circulation, treating the cardiovascular diseases, preventing tumour and healing skin diseases. This research aimed to determine the influence of solvents (water, ethanol and acetone) on antioxidative, antimicrobial activity and the content of biologically important compounds, such as phenols and flavonoids in saffron. FRAP and DPPH methods were used to examine antioxidative activity. Antibacterial activity was analysed by using diffusion technique on bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antifungal activity was examined on Candida albicans. The results showed that the ethanol extracts have the highest antioxidant activity and the aqueous extracts have the lowest one. None of the tested extracts showed antibacterial activity, but aqueous extracts and ethanolic extract of saffron, obtained by maceration, showed antifungal activity.

scholarly journals The Effect of different crude methanolic extracts against some gram negative pathogenic bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Hussain Ali Farhan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Crude Extracts

This present study was conducted to evaluated the antibacterial activity of crude extracts (Methanolic) of punica granatum peel, Menthe longifolia and Olea eurpeae leaves against some gram negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aerugenosa, Serratia marcesens, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pnemunoniae. The Agar-well diffusion was used to know the ability of inhibititory of crude extracts against bacteria. Results showed different susceptibility response of bacteria under study. It was observed that Pseudomonas aerugenosa the most susceptible to Methanolic extracts to all plants in (25, 50) mg/ml-1 concentrate. While the bacterial strains shown no responding against mint and pomegranate extracts in 10 mg/ml-1 except Pseudomonas aerugenosa and Escherichia coli, was inhibited with Olive extracts only. That ability to inhabitation less in concentrate 10 mg ml-1.

scholarly journals Alkaloid-Rich Crude Extracts, Fractions and Piperamide Alkaloids of Piper guineense Possess Promising Antibacterial Effects

Antibiotics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Mgbeahuruike ◽  
Pia Fyhrquist ◽  
Heikki Vuorela ◽  
Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto ◽  
Yvonne Holm
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Derivatives Of

Piper guineense is a food and medicinal plant commonly used to treat infectious diseases in West-African traditional medicine. In a bid to identify new antibacterial compounds due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, twelve extracts of P. guineense fruits and leaves, obtained by sequential extraction, as well as the piperine and piperlongumine commercial compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. HPLC-DAD and UHPLC/Q-TOF MS analysis were conducted to characterize and identify the compounds present in the extracts with promising antibacterial activity. The extracts, with the exception of the hot water decoctions and macerations, contained piperamide alkaloids as their main constituents. Piperine, dihydropiperine, piperylin, dihydropiperylin or piperlonguminine, dihydropiperlonguminine, wisanine, dihydrowisanine and derivatives of piperine and piperidine were identified in a hexane extract of the leaf. In addition, some new piperamide alkaloids were identified, such as a piperine and a piperidine alkaloid derivative and two unknown piperamide alkaloids. To the best of our knowledge, there are no piperamides reported in the literature with similar UVλ absorption maxima and masses. A piperamide alkaloid-rich hexane leaf extract recorded the lowest MIC of 19 µg/mL against Sarcina sp. and gave promising growth inhibitory effects against S. aureus and E. aerogenes as well, inhibiting the growth of both bacteria with a MIC of 78 µg/mL. Moreover, this is the first report of the antibacterial activity of P. guineense extracts against Sarcina sp. and E. aerogenes. Marked growth inhibition was also obtained for chloroform extracts of the leaves and fruits against P. aeruginosa with a MIC value of 78 µg/mL. Piperine and piperlongumine were active against E. aerogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enterica, P. mirabilis and B. cereus with MIC values ranging from 39–1250 µg/mL. Notably, the water extracts, which were almost devoid of piperamide alkaloids, were not active against the bacterial strains. Our results demonstrate that P. guineense contains antibacterial alkaloids that could be relevant for the discovery of new natural antibiotics.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC ANTIBACTERIAL ACTION OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES ON CERTAIN ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Selvarani Murugan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Agar Disc

Objective: Resistance to antibacterial agents by pathogenic bacteria has emerged in recent years and is a major challenge for the healthcare industry. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are known to be one of the multifunctional inorganic nanoparticles with effective antibacterial activity. Hence the present investigation has been focused on synthesizing and evaluating the bactericidal effect of copper nanoparticles.Methods: CuNPs were synthesized by reducing the aqueous solution of copper sulfate with sodium borohydride. The synthesized particles were characterized by x-ray diffractogram (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques to analyze size, morphology and quantitative information respectively. The antibacterial activity of CuNPs was examined by agar well diffusion method. Synergistic effect of CuNPs with broad-spectrum antibiotics was determined by the agar disc diffusion method.Results: Color change of reaction mixture from blue to dark brown indicated the formation of CuNPs. SEM image clearly demonstrated that the synthesized particles were spherical in shape and its size was found to be 17.85 nm. EDS report confirmed the presence of elemental copper in the resultant nanoparticles and its accounts for major proportion (96%) of the mass of nanoparticles. Bacterial effect of CuNPs revealed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the highest antibacterial sensitivity (16.00±1.63 mm), whereas least susceptibility (9.67±0.47 mm) was noticed against Staphylococcus aureus. An enhanced antibacterial activity of commercial antibiotics was also noticed when it combined with CuNPS. A minimum zone of inhibition was increased from 0.67±0.47 mm to 10.66±0.24 mm when the nanoparticles and antibiotics were given together.Conclusion: It was observed that copper nanoparticles exhibited profound activity against all the tested bacterial strains which shows that CuNPs may serve as a better option for use in medicine in the future.

scholarly journals Pyrrolnitrin Biosynthesis From Rhizospheric Serratia Spp. With Antifungal Activity and Binding Interactions of PrnF With Ligands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shraddha P. Pawar ◽  
Ambalal B. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Protein Model ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Rhizophila ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Pyrrolnitrin (PRN) from rhizobacteria displays a key role in biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi in rhizospheric soil. Therefore, different rhizospheric soils were investigated for the prevalence of PRN producer in minimal salt (MS) medium containing tryptophan (0.2 M NaCl; pH 8) using three successive enrichments. Of 12% isolates, only five bacterial strains had shown PRN secretion, screened with Thin Layer Chromatography (Rf 0.8) and antifungal activity (27 mm) against phytopathogen. The phenetic and 16S rRNA sequence revealed the close affiliation of isolates (KMB, M-2, M-11, TW3, and TO2) to Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (KY800458), Enterobacter spp. (KY800455), Brevibacillus parabrevis (KY800454), Serratia marcescens (KY800456) and Serratia nemtodiphila (KY800457). Purified compound from isolates was characterised using UV, IR, HPLC, LCMS and GCMS as PRN. However, BLASTn hit of prn gene sequences from both Serratia species showed 99% similarity with NADPH dependent FMN reductase component (prnF). The homology protein model of prnF was developed from translated sequence of S. marcescens TW3 with chromate reductase of Escherichia coli K-12. Docking with FMN and NADPH was performed. The study demonstrated the possible role of prnF NADPH dependent FMN reductases in prnD for supply of reduced flavin in rhizobacterial strain of Serratia spp. which may pave a way to understand PRN production.

Phytochemical Screening, Antibacterial and Synergistic activity of Dittrichia Viscosa Extracts against Multi-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Rhazi Fouzia
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dittrichia Viscosa ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Study contextual: Faced with the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the use of traditional medicine for the research of antibacterial biomolecules. Aim: our work focused on the valorization of a medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa which has many therapeutic and culinary virtues worldwide. Methods: To do this, a phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the plant is carried out according to a set of physicochemical reactions, as well as an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity, of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against multi-resistant bacterial strains, by microdilution technique on microplates. An evaluation of the synergistic interaction between extracts and weakened antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria was also highlighted in this study. Results: The tests revealed the richness of Dittrichia viscosa species by tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, sterols and triterpenes. As for the antibacterial effect, the MICs range from 0.858±0.29 to 66.66 ± 0.00 mg / ml and the MBCs from 4.300 ± 1.01 to 11.610 ± 2.31 mg / ml is an interesting antibacterial activity. Regarding the combination of extracts with antibiotics tested, it revealed a synergistic action inducing an amplification of the antibacterial power of Penicillin, Imipenem and Erythromycin with a rate that reaches 471%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Dittrichia viscosa have interesting and promising antibacterial activity in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Screening of Some Novel 5-Substituted-1,10b-dihydroimidazole[1,2-c]quinazoline Derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5406-5411
Author(s):  
Haribhai Rabari ◽  
Hetal Vankar ◽  
Beenkumar Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Quinazoline Derivatives

The emergence of multidrug microbial resistance is the main challenges that the modern scientists have so far been facing in the recent era. In this respect, new series of drug classes having potential to give antimicrobial effect have been synthesized. A new series of 5- substituted-1,10 b-dihydroimidazole[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives 8a-e have been synthesized and screened for antibacterial activity and antifungal activity. Synthesized derivatives were characterized by IR, MASS and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Synthesized compounds show good activity, which was comparable to the standard drug and it can be useful for the further clinical study. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against four different pathogenic bacterial strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudo-monas aeruginosa. Among the screened compounds, 8e show good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with MIC of 50 and 100 μg/ml respectively. Antifungal activity was evaluated  against two strains of fungi. Among the synthesized derivates, compound 8c was emerged out as the potent antifungal compound against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger with MIC of 25 μg/ml and 75μg/ml respectively. Compound 8e also shows good antifungal activity with MIC of 50 μg/ml against both Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The overall results of this study indicated that  synthesized quinazoline derivatives had the potential to act as an antibacterial and antifungal agent, hence further investigation is warranted.

scholarly journals Dark Antibacterial Activity of Rose Bengal

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faina Nakonechny ◽  
Margarita Barel ◽  
Arad David ◽  
Simor Koretz ◽  
Boris Litvak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Resonant Absorption ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Radio Frequency Waves

The global spread of bacterial resistance to antibiotics promotes a search for alternative approaches to eradication of pathogenic bacteria. One alternative is using photosensitizers for inhibition of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria under illumination. Due to low penetration of visible light into tissues, applications of photosensitizers are currently limited to treatment of superficial local infections. Excitation of photosensitizers in the dark can be applied to overcome this problem. In the present work, dark antibacterial activity of the photosensitizer Rose Bengal alone and in combination with antibiotics was studied. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) value of Rose Bengal against S. aureus dropped in the presence of sub-MIC concentrations of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, methicillin, and gentamicin. Free Rose Bengal at sub-MIC concentrations can be excited in the dark by ultrasound at 38 kHz. Rose Bengal immobilized onto silicon showed good antibacterial activity in the dark under ultrasonic activation, probably because of Rose Bengal leaching from the polymer during the treatment. Exposure of bacteria to Rose Bengal in the dark under irradiation by electromagnetic radio frequency waves in the 9 to 12 GHz range caused a decrease in the bacterial concentration, presumably due to resonant absorption of electromagnetic energy, its transformation into heat and subsequent excitation of Rose Bengal.

scholarly journals Potent Antibacterial Prenylated Acetophenones from the Australian Endemic Plant Acronychia crassipetala

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trong D. Tran ◽  
Malin A. Olsson ◽  
David J. McMillan ◽  
Jason K. Cullen ◽  
Peter G. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
First Record ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Endemic Plant Species

Acronychia crassipetala is an endemic plant species in Australia. Its phytochemistry and therapeutic properties are underexplored. The hexane extract of the fruit A. crassipetala T. G. Hartley was found to inhibit the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Following bio-activity guided fractionation, two prenylated acetophenones, crassipetalonol A (1) and crassipetalone A (2), were isolated. Their structures were determined mainly by NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. This is the first record of the isolation and structural characterisation of secondary metabolites from the species A. crassipetala. Their antibacterial and cytotoxic assessments indicated that the known compound (2) had more potent antibacterial activity than the antibiotic chloramphenicol, while the new compound (1) showed moderate cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Extraction and Isolation of Compound from Roots of Kniphofia pumila, and Its Antibacterial Activities in Combination with Zinc Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 631-638
Author(s):  
Dele ABDISSA ◽  
Gezahegn FAYE ◽  
Melkamu FAYERA ◽  
Shiferaw DEMISSIE
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolated Compound

Kniphofia pumila has been traditionally used for the treatment of different diseases in Oromiya regional state, western part of Ethiopia. Thus, the main objective of this study was to extract bioactive natural products from the roots of K. pumila and perform in vitro antibacterial activity tests against selected pathogens. Extraction of compound from the roots of K. pumila was carried out by maceration method at room temperature and its antibacterial activity was done using agar disc diffusion method. The crude extracts alone and along with ZnCl2 were tested against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25722), Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae (DSM 19613), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25925) and Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 13311). Following its promising activity, the acetone crude extract that have shown better antibacterial activity was subjected to column chromatography for isolation of pure compound. Hence, one pure compound (GZ-1) was obtained from acetone crude extract. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the isolated compound alone and in combination with ZnCl2 were also performed against all aforementioned bacterial strains. Then, isolated compound was characterized by using NMR spectroscopic techniques such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and, 2D NMR, so as to establish its structure as 3’-acetyl-2’,6’-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone, trivial name knipholone. Finally, GZ-1 was isolated from the roots of K. pumila and it was noted that the antibacterial activities of ZnCl2 in combination with crude extract as well as with isolated compound against E. coli (ATCC 25722), S. aureus (ATCC 25925) and S. Typhimurium (ATCC 13311) bacterial strains showed remarkable results which were greater than the antibacterial activity of the positive standard drug (gentamycin). To sum up, from the chromatographic isolation of roots acetone extract of K. pumila one pure compound (knipholone) was obtained. Its antibacterial activity was also evaluated in combination with ZnCl2 salt and alone.

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