scholarly journals Comparative analysis of congenital malformations of the fetus detected in the periods from 2010 to 2012 and from 2017 to 2019 (based on the materials of the maternity department of Rostov-on-Don)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
G. M. Pertseva ◽  
A. A. Borscheva ◽  
N. A. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fetal Malformations ◽  
Skin Abnormalities

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of the structure, number, and antenatal diagnosis of fetal malformations in two clinical groups. Materials and methods: a retrospective comparative analysis of the variations, frequency, and detectability of malformations and developmental abnormalities in newborns born in two groups was conducted for the periods from 2010 to 2012 (the first group) and from 2017 to 2019 (the second group). The study of these materials was conducted on the basis of the maternity department of the city hospital of Rostov-on-Don. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the programs Statistica 10 and Microsoft Excel 2013. Results: in the second group, the number of children with genital abnormalities increased. The number of children with skin abnormalities increased as well as the number of children with gastrointestinal malformations. There is a decrease in the number of abnormalities in the development of the musculoskeletal system and the circulatory system. The rate of cleavage of the lip and hard palate decreased. However, malformations of the fetus were not detected in all cases, although their detectability increased from 4.41% in 2010 – 2012 to 22.62% in 2017 – 2019, i.e. by 5.13 times. Conclusion. The search for modern, reliable, and non-invasive methods for diagnosing fetal malformations in early pregnancy is an important stage in the study of this issue. It is also important to train high-class ultrasound specialists as well as search for new biochemical markers of congenital genetic disorders.

Study of functional state of microcirculatory channel system in periodontal tissues in persons of different age groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
A. A. Petrov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
I. V. Berezkina ◽  
K. V. Shadrina
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

Relevance. The study of age-related features of microcirculation in periodontal tissues, using non-invasive functional research methods, allows us to develop the optimal range of therapeutic measures, as well as form a “personalized therapeutic case”.Purpose. Study of the functional state of the microvasculature in the tissues of the parodont in individuals of various age groups.Materials and methods. A standard dental examination of 80 patients was carried out, the sample of participants was ranked in 4 groups by age: 1 group – 12 years old, 2 group – 15 years old, 3 group – from 16 to 18 years old, 4 group – from 22 to 24 years old. Hygiene and periodontal indices were determined for all patients, such as papillarymarginal-alveolar (PMA) in the Parma modification, the Mulleman bleeding index in the Cowell modification (SBI), and the simplified Green Vermillion index of oral hygiene (OHI–s), caries intensity indicators for a permanent bite (CPI), as well as ultrasound dopplerography of periodontal tissues using the apparatus "Minimax-Doppler-K".Results. When studying microcirculation in periodontal tissues, distinctive characteristics of linear (Vas) and volumetric (Qas) blood flow rates, as well as indicators of pulsation indices (PI) and peripheral resistance (RI) in people of different age groups were recorded.Conclusions. This study confirms the presence of various hemodynamic indicators of periodontal tissues in the studied groups, which is due to structural features of the circulatory system in age periods.

scholarly journals The Use of Micro- and Nanocarriers for Resveratrol Delivery into and across the Skin in Different Skin Diseases—A Literature Review

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Beata Szulc-Musioł ◽  
Beata Sarecka-Hujar
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Abnormalities ◽  
Low Solubility ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poor Stability

In recent years, polyphenols have been extensively studied due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown that anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols play an important role in the prevention of bacterial infections, as well as vascular or skin diseases. Particularly, resveratrol, as a multi-potent agent, may prevent or mitigate the effects of oxidative stress. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is an extremely desirable target for the possible delivery of active substances. The transdermal route of administration of active compounds shows many advantages, including avoidance of gastrointestinal irritation and the first-pass effect. Moreover, it is non-invasive and can be self-administered. However, this delivery is limited, mainly due to the need to overpassing the stratum corneum, the possible decomposition of the substances in contact with the skin surface or in the deeper layers thereof. In addition, using resveratrol for topical and transdermal delivery faces the problems of its low solubility and poor stability. To overcome this, novel systems of delivery are being developed for the effective transport of resveratrol across the skin. Carriers in the micro and nano size were demonstrated to be more efficient for safe and faster topical and transdermal delivery of active substances. The present review aimed to discuss the role of resveratrol in the treatment of skin abnormalities with a special emphasis on technologies enhancing transdermal delivery of resveratrol.

scholarly journals Exome sequencing in patients with antiepileptic drug exposure and complex phenotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Jackson ◽  
Heather Ward ◽  
Rebecca Louise Bromley ◽  
Charulata Deshpande ◽  
Pradeep Vasudevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Copy Number Variant ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Number Of Children

IntroductionFetal anticonvulsant syndrome (FACS) describes the pattern of physical and developmental problems seen in those children exposed to certain antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in utero. The diagnosis of FACS is a clinical one and so excluding alternative diagnoses such as genetic disorders is essential.MethodsWe reviewed the pathogenicity of reported variants identified on exome sequencing in the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) Study in 42 children exposed to AEDs in utero, but where a diagnosis other than FACS was suspected. In addition, we analysed chromosome microarray data from 10 patients with FACS seen in a Regional Genetics Service.ResultsSeven children (17%) from the DDD Study had a copy number variant or pathogenic variant in a developmental disorder gene which was considered to explain or partially explain their phenotype. Across the AED exposure types, variants were found in 2/15 (13%) valproate exposed cases and 3/14 (21%) carbamazepine exposed cases. No pathogenic copy number variants were identified in our local sample (n=10).ConclusionsThis study is the first of its kind to analyse the exomes of children with developmental disorders who were exposed to AEDs in utero. Though we acknowledge that the results are subject to bias, a significant number of children were identified with alternate diagnoses which had an impact on counselling and management. We suggest that consideration is given to performing whole exome sequencing as part of the diagnostic work-up for children exposed to AEDs in utero.

scholarly journals THE VIEW ON THE DENTAL MORBIDITY INDICATORS OF THE CHILDREN UKRAINIAN NOGAI POPULATION AT THE XV CENTURY DEALS WITH THE NEW STUDYING METHODS USED FOR ANTHROPOLOGICAL MATERIAL FROM THE MAMAY GORA BURIAL GROUND

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
А.G. Toshchev ◽  
L.F. Kaskova ◽  
А.V. Аrtemev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Dental Pathology ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Middle Ages

The subject matter was the children dental status having involved in study anthropological bone material different historical eras. The 133 remains skeletons of children were examined. The control and main groups consisted with the skeletons of children who had lived in the Nogai and Golden Horde periods, respectively, which in turn the last included children skeletons of earlier historical times. The author’s method was used in our scientific research. The ancient people skeletons were examined in historical and medical anthropology laboratory of the municipal institution “Conservation Centre and Research of Archaeological Monuments” of the Poltava Regional Council and the Department of Pediatric Therapeutic Dentistry with the Dental Diseases Prevention UMSA. The control group has included the children with maxillofacial pathology but their musculoskeletal system hasn’t been changed. However, two children have a “thin line” dental deposit in permanent and primary teeth. Two enamel hypoplasia specimens were detected in bone materials, five specimens of anomalies development dento-maxillofacial region and two dental specimens with markers determined of social society affiliation in the main children's group of the Middle Ages consist with of Golden Horde children. The main group results were compared with control group related to one period. The increase in the incidence of dental pathology was directly proportional to the number of children examined in the group. The dental pathology incidence was directly proportional relation increases to the examined children quantity in the group. The bone skeleton injury was found only in Golden Horde children group. The Middle Ages is characterized with the average diseases prevalence in Europe and America populations. We were determined the carious process and periodontal pathology were absence in deciduous and permanent teeth in the base and control children groups represent Middle Ages, after morphological and statistical processing of the collected archaeological, bone material. The dental mineralized deposits have a similar shape in base and control groups children of the Middle Ages in the studied territory of Ukraine. The dental mineralized plaque had a huge volume and was occupied a massive teeth square in examined children group identified with earlier historical periods and the Middle Ages. The research has shown that the dental deposit has a gradual evolutionary development in teeth of children groups at the Middle Ages.

Non-invasive evaluation of the fibrosis stage in chronic hepatitis C: A comparative analysis of nine scoring methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Ladero ◽  
Jaime Delkader ◽  
Luis Ortega ◽  
Cristina Fernández ◽  
María J. Devesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Fibrosis Stage ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Evaluation

Modelling and Simulation in Biomedical Research

2011 ◽  
pp. 794-806
Author(s):  
Dolores A. Steinman ◽  
David A. Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Visual Representation ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
System Disease ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Circulatory System Disease

In the following chapter, the authors will discuss the development of medical imaging and, through specific case studies, its application in elucidating the role of fluid mechanical forces in cardiovascular disease development and therapy (namely the connection between flow patterns and circulatory system disease - atherosclerosis and aneurysms) by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The research carried in the Biomedical Simulation Laboratory can be described as a multi-step process through which, from the reality of the human body through the generation of a mathematical model that is then translated into a visual representation, a refined visual representation easily understandable and used in the clinic is generated. Thus, the authors’ daily research generates virtual representations of blood flow that can serve two purposes: a) that of a model for a phenomenon or disease or b) that of a model for an experiment (non-invasive way of determining the best treatment option).

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Risk Stratification of Hypertension: A Systematic Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Giovanna Sannino ◽  
Ivanoe De Falco ◽  
Giuseppe De Pietro
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Pressure Estimation

One of the most important physiological parameters of the cardiovascular circulatory system is Blood Pressure. Several diseases are related to long-term abnormal blood pressure, i.e., hypertension; therefore, the early detection and assessment of this condition are crucial. The identification of hypertension, and, even more the evaluation of its risk stratification, by using wearable monitoring devices are now more realistic thanks to the advancements in Internet of Things, the improvements of digital sensors that are becoming more and more miniaturized, and the development of new signal processing and machine learning algorithms. In this scenario, a suitable biomedical signal is represented by the PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG) signal. It can be acquired by using a simple, cheap, and wearable device, and can be used to evaluate several aspects of the cardiovascular system, e.g., the detection of abnormal heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and so on. In this paper, we take into account the Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Estimation Data Set that contains, among others, PPG signals coming from a set of subjects, as well as the Blood Pressure values of the latter that is the hypertension level. Our aim is to investigate whether or not machine learning methods applied to these PPG signals can provide better results for the non-invasive classification and evaluation of subjects’ hypertension levels. To this aim, we have availed ourselves of a wide set of machine learning algorithms, based on different learning mechanisms, and have compared their results in terms of the effectiveness of the classification obtained.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Delivery of Therapeutics into the Brain: The Potential of Aptamers for Targeted Delivery

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakhtiar Bukari ◽  
Rasika M. Samarasinghe ◽  
Jinjutha Noibanchong ◽  
Sarah L. Shigdar
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Therapeutic Delivery ◽  
Macromolecular Drugs ◽  
Efficient Delivery ◽  
Alternative Delivery ◽  
The Brain

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly specialised network of blood vessels that effectively separates the brain environment from the circulatory system. While there are benefits, in terms of keeping pathogens from entering the brain, the BBB also complicates treatments of brain pathologies by preventing efficient delivery of macromolecular drugs to diseased brain tissue. Although current non-invasive strategies of therapeutics delivery into the brain, such as focused ultrasound and nanoparticle-mediated delivery have shown various levels of successes, they still come with risks and limitations. This review discusses the current approaches of therapeutic delivery into the brain, with a specific focus on non-invasive methods. It also discusses the potential for aptamers as alternative delivery systems and several reported aptamers with promising preliminary results.

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