Task-Data Taxonomy for Health Data Visualizations: Web-Based Survey With Experts and Older Adults

BACKGROUND Increasingly, eHealth involves health data visualizations to enable users to better understand their health situation. Selecting efficient and ergonomic visualizations requires knowledge about the task that the user wants to carry out and the type of data to be displayed. Taxonomies of abstract tasks and data types bundle this knowledge in a general manner. Task-data taxonomies exist for visualization tasks and data. They also exist for eHealth tasks. However, there is currently no joint task taxonomy available for health data visualizations incorporating the perspective of the prospective users. One of the most prominent prospective user groups of eHealth are older adults, but their perspective is rarely considered when constructing tasks lists. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to construct a task-data taxonomy for health data visualizations based on the opinion of older adults as prospective users of eHealth systems. eHealth experts served as a control group against the bias of lacking background knowledge. The resulting taxonomy would then be used as an orientation in system requirement analysis and empirical evaluation and to facilitate a common understanding and language in eHealth data visualization. METHODS Answers from 98 participants (51 older adults and 47 eHealth experts) given in an online survey were quantitatively analyzed, compared between groups, and synthesized into a task-data taxonomy for health data visualizations. RESULTS Consultation, diagnosis, mentoring, and monitoring were confirmed as relevant abstract tasks in eHealth. Experts and older adults disagreed on the importance of mentoring (χ24=14.1, P=.002) and monitoring (χ24=22.1, P<.001). The answers to the open questions validated the findings from the closed questions and added therapy, communication, cooperation, and quality management to the aforementioned tasks. Here, group differences in normalized code counts were identified for “monitoring” between the expert group (mean 0.18, SD 0.23) and the group of older adults (mean 0.08, SD 0.15; t96=2431, P=.02). Time-dependent data was most relevant across all eHealth tasks. Finally, visualization tasks and data types were assigned to eHealth tasks by both experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS We empirically developed a task-data taxonomy for health data visualizations with prospective users. This provides a general framework for theoretical concession and for the prioritization of user-centered system design and evaluation. At the same time, the functionality dimension of the taxonomy for telemedicine—chosen as the basis for the construction of present taxonomy—was confirmed.

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Regulation of Experienced and Anticipated Regret for Daily Decisions in Younger and Older Adults in a Swedish One-Week Diary Study

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000102 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 233-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Pär Bjälkebring ◽

Daniel Västfjäll ◽

Boo Johansson

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Diary Study ◽

Anticipated Regret ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Web Based ◽

Decision Regret ◽

Diary Method ◽

Regulation Strategies

Regret and regret regulation were studied using a weeklong web-based diary method. 108 participants aged 19 to 89 years reported regret for a decision made and a decision to be made. They also reported the extent to which they used strategies to prevent or regulate decision regret. Older adults reported both less experienced and anticipated regret compared to younger adults. The lower level of experienced regret in older adults was mediated by reappraisal of the decision. The lower level of anticipated regret was mediated by delaying the decision, and expecting regret in older adults. It is suggested that the lower level of regret observed in older adults is partly explained by regret prevention and regulation strategies.

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Effectiveness of Web-based physical activity interventions for older adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE ◽

10.23949/ijhms.2018.08.12.2.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 69-87

Author(s):

Jaehyun Kim ◽

Shang-Ti Chen ◽

Sun-Hwan Hwang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Web Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

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Visualization approaches to support healthy aging: A systematic review

Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics ◽

10.14236/jhi.v23i3.860 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 600 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Uba Backonja ◽

Nai-Ching Chi ◽

Yong Choi ◽

Amanda K Hall ◽

Thai Le ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Healthy Aging ◽

A Priori ◽

Aging In Place ◽

Future Research ◽

Health Technologies ◽

Data Visualizations ◽

Informatics Tools

Background: Health technologies have the potential to support the growing number of older adults who are aging in place. Many tools include visualizations (data visualizations, visualizations of physical representations). However, the role of visualizations in supporting aging in place remains largely unexplored.Objective: To synthesize and identify gaps in the literature evaluating visualizations (data visualizations and visualizations of physical representations), for informatics tools to support healthy aging.Methods: We conducted a search in CINAHL, Embase, Engineering Village, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science using a priori defined terms for publications in English describing community-based studies evaluating visualizations used by adults aged ≥65 years.Results: Six out of the identified 251 publications were eligible. Most studies were user studies and varied methodological quality. Three visualizations of virtual representations supported performing at-home exercises. Participants found visual representations either (a) helpful, motivational, and supported their understanding of their health behaviors or (b) not an improvement over alternatives. Three data visualizations supported understanding of one’s health. Participants were able to interpret data visualizations that used precise data and encodings that were more concrete better than those that did not provide precision or were abstract. Participants found data visualizations helpful in understanding their overall health and granular data.Conclusions: Studies we identified used visualizations to promote engagement in exercises or understandings of one’s health. Future research could overcome methodological limitations of studies we identified to develop visualizations that older adults could use with ease and accuracy to support their health behaviors and decision-making.

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SOCIAL NETWORKS, HEALTH, AND WELL-BEING AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.277 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S71-S71

Author(s):

Eleanor S McConnell ◽

Kirsten Corazzini ◽

T Robert Konrad

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Social Networks ◽

Well Being ◽

Sensor Technology ◽

Web Based ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Care Partners ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Although the impact of dementia on the health and well-being of those living with Alzheimer’s Disease and related Disorders (ADRD) and their care partners has been widely studied, less attention has been paid to how the disease impacts individuals within the context of their larger social networks. This symposium presents findings from a series of integrated studies aimed at strengthening measurement of health and well-being among older adults with living with dementia and well-being among members of their social networks. Findings will be presented from five studies: (1) a scoping review of social network measurement in older adults in chronic illness, including dementia, that emphasizes the use of technology in measuring older adults’ social networks; (2) a simulation study to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of sensor technology to measure social interaction among a person living with dementia and others in their immediate surroundings; (3) development of a web-based application that allows older adults to map and activate their social networks; (4) a qualitative analysis of interviews from persons living with dementia, their unpaid caregivers, and paid caregivers from an adult day health program concerning well-being focused outcomes; and (5) a mixed methods analysis of the feasibility of using both traditional and novel measures of health and well-being deployed among networks of people living with dementia. Emerging technologies for measuring social networks health and well-being hold promise for advancing the study of the relationship-based nature of care for people living with dementia.

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Efficacy of a computer-tailored web-based physical activity intervention using Fitbits for older adults: a randomised controlled trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033305 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e033305 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephanie Alley ◽

Jannique GZ van Uffelen ◽

Stephanie Schoeppe ◽

Lynne Parkinson ◽

Susan Hunt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Intervention Fidelity ◽

Web Based ◽

Participant Satisfaction ◽

Website Usability ◽

Secondary Outcomes ◽

Tailored Advice

IntroductionPhysical activity is an integral part of healthy ageing, yet the majority of older adults 65+ years are not sufficiently active. Web-based physical activity interventions hold much promise to reach older adults. Preliminary evidence suggests that web-based interventions with tailored advice and Fitbits may be well suited for older adults.Methods and analysisThis study aims to test the effectiveness of ‘Active for Life’, a 12-week computer-tailored web-based physical activity intervention using Fitbits for older adults. We will recruit 300 participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three trial arms: (1) web-based physical activity intervention with tailored advice only, (2) web-based physical activity intervention with tailored advice and Fitbit or (3) a wait-list control. The primary outcome, objective moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and secondary outcomes of objective sedentary behaviour, objective sleep, quality of life, social support, physical function and satisfaction with life will be assessed at baseline and week 12. The secondary outcomes of self-reported physical activity, sitting time and sleep will be assessed at baseline, week 6, 12 and 24. Website usability and participant satisfaction will be assessed at week 12 and website usage and intervention fidelity will be assessed from week 1 to 24. Intention-to-treat linear mixed model analyses will be used to test for group (tailoring only, tailoring +Fitbit, control) differences on changes in the main outcome, MVPA and secondary outcomes. Generalised linear models will be used to compare intervention groups (tailoring only, tailoring +Fitbit) on website usability, participant satisfaction, website usage and intervention fidelity.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethics approval from the Central Queensland University Human Research Ethics Committee (H16/12-321). Study outcomes will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences and used to inform improvements and dissemination of a tailored, web-based physical activity intervention for adults 65+ years.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12618000646246

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Health-related lifestyle and dropout from a web-based physical activity intervention trial in older adults: A latent profile analysis.

Health Psychology ◽

10.1037/hea0001091 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (8) ◽

pp. 481-490

Author(s):

Tiara Ratz ◽

Claudia Voelcker-Rehage ◽

Claudia R. Pischke ◽

Saskia Muellmann ◽

Manuela Peters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Latent Profile Analysis ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Profile Analysis ◽

Intervention Trial ◽

Web Based ◽

Health Related ◽

Latent Profile

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Feasibility and Conceptualization of an e-Mental Health Treatment for Depression in Older Adults: Mixed-Methods Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.10973 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Christiane Eichenberg ◽

Markus Schott ◽

Adam Sawyer ◽

Georg Aumayr ◽

Manuela Plößnig

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Older Adults ◽

Focus Groups ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Health Treatment ◽

Web Based ◽

The Everyday

BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental disorders in older adults. Unfortunately, it often goes unrecognized in the older population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify how Web-based apps can recognize and help treat depression in older adults. METHODS Focus groups were conducted with mental health care experts. A Web-based survey of 56 older adults suffering from depression was conducted. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 2 individuals. RESULTS Results of the focus groups highlighted that there is a need for a collaborative care platform for depression in old age. Findings from the Web-based study showed that younger participants (aged 50 to 64 years) used electronic media more often than older participants (aged 65 years and older). The interviews pointed in a comparable direction. CONCLUSIONS Overall, an e-mental (electronic mental) health treatment for depression in older adults would be well accepted. Web-based care platforms should be developed, evaluated, and in case of evidence for their effectiveness, integrated into the everyday clinic.

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A Web-Based and Print-Delivered Computer-Tailored Physical Activity Intervention for Older Adults: Pretest-Posttest Intervention Study Comparing Delivery Mode Preference and Attrition

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/13416 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. e13416 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Janet Maria Boekhout ◽

Denise Astrid Peels ◽

Brenda Angela Juliette Berendsen ◽

Catherine Bolman ◽

Lilian Lechner

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Older Adults ◽

Educational Attainment ◽

Intervention Study ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Web Based ◽

Physical Impairments ◽

Delivery Modes ◽

Participant Characteristics ◽

The Web

Background Web-based interventions can play an important role in promoting physical activity (PA) behavior among older adults. Although the effectiveness of these interventions is promising, they are often characterized by low reach and high attrition, which considerably hampers their potential impact on public health. Objective The aim of this study was to identify the participant characteristics associated with the preference for a Web-based or a printed delivery mode and to determine whether an association exists between delivery modes or participant characteristics and attrition in an intervention. This knowledge may enhance implementation, sustainability of participation, and effectiveness of future interventions for older adults. Methods A real-life pretest-posttest intervention study was performed (N=409) among community-living single adults who were older than 65 years, with physical impairments caused by chronic diseases. Measurements were taken at baseline and 3 months after the start of the intervention. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess demographic and behavioral characteristics (age, gender, body mass index, educational attainment, degree of loneliness, and PA level), as well as psychosocial characteristics (social support for PA, modeling, self-efficacy, attitude, and intention) related to delivery mode preference at baseline and attrition after 3 months. Results The printed delivery mode achieved higher participation (58.9%, 241/409) than the Web-based delivery mode (41.1%, 168/409). Participation in the Web-based delivery mode was associated with younger age (B=–0.10; SE 0.02; Exp (B)=0.91; P<.001) and higher levels of social support for PA (B=0.38; SE 0.14; Exp (B)=1.46; P=.01); attrition was associated with participation in the Web-based delivery mode (B=1.28; SE 0.28; Exp (B)=3.58; P<.001) and low educational attainment (B=–0.53; SE 0.28; Exp (B)=0.59; P=.049). Conclusions A total of 41% of the participants chose the Web-based delivery mode, thus demonstrating a potential interest of single older adults with physical impairments in Web-based delivered interventions. However, attrition was demonstrated to be higher in the Web-based delivery mode, and lower educational attainment was found to be a predictor for attrition. Characteristics predicting a preference for the printed delivery mode included being older and receiving less social support. Although Web-based delivery modes are generally less expensive and easier to distribute, it may be advisable to offer a printed delivery mode alongside a Web-based delivery mode to prevent exclusion of a large part of the target population. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NTR2297; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/2173 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8093

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