An ethnographic study of a Nepalese village with single kidney: A research protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijaya Shrestha ◽  
Bipin Adhikari ◽  
Manash Shrestha ◽  
Luechai Sringernyuang
Keyword(s):  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Health Research Council ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
The Village

BACKGROUND Kidney selling is a global phenomenon with higher-income countries functioning as recipients and lower-income countries as donors, reflecting the gaps due to poverty and vulnerability. Over the years, an increasing number of residents in a village near the capital city of Nepal have sold their kidneys and yet the factors embedded in local social, cultural, political, and individual context driving kidney selling are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore the drivers of kidney selling, and its consequences in Hokse village in Central Nepal using ethnographic methods and multi-stakeholder consultations. METHODS An ethnographic approach along with in-depth interviews and key informant interviews will be conducted among the residents and kidney sellers in the village. Relevant participants in the village will be selected purposively using a snowball approach. The number of participants will be predicated on the principles of data saturation. In addition, consultations with relevant stakeholders will be conducted at various levels, which will include authorities within the village, outside, and policymakers. All interviews will be conducted face to face, audio recorded for transcription, and subjected to a thematic analysis. RESULTS The research has received ethical approval from the Mahidol University Central Institutional Review Board (MU-CIRB), Thailand and Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC), Nepal. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study aims to study explore the reason of kidney selling from the Hokse village and understand the perspectives from the multiple stakeholders.

scholarly journals Changes and Compromises in Health Choices during COVID-19 Lockdown in Kathmandu Valley: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmina Shrestha ◽  
Sajan Acharya ◽  
Raksha Sharma ◽  
Roja Khanal ◽  
Jasmin Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Health Choices ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Health Research Council ◽  
Utilization Of Healthcare

Introduction: Nepal government enforced a lockdown as a social distancing measure to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. The lockdown has led to compromises in day to day choices like food, exercise, sleep, self-care routines and utilization of healthcare facilities - directly and indirectly influencing aspects of health. Identification of compromised health choices can assist in better planning of inevitable future crises. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study based on an online self -administered questionnaire, done using CHERRIES criteria, conducted from March 30, 2020, to July 31, 2020. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Nepal Health Research Council (Registration number: 2119; 300/2020 P). Descriptive statistics was used for analysis. Results: Our study had 51% (340) female and 48.7% (325) male participants. A total of 67.9% (112) reported decreased consumption of tobacco and 53.6% (178) reported decreased consumption of alcohol during the lockdown period. Participants who reported that they would have visited a hospital if they had a flu-like illness increased from 22.6% (151) pre-pandemic to 58.6% (391) post-pandemic. Increase in news consumption was reported by 79.2% (528). Out of 6.4% (43) participants with a chronic condition, 69.8% (30) reported having missed follow up due to the lockdown. Conclusions: The health of an individual is determined by various choices s/he makes on a day to day basis. Many of those choices are in turn influenced by the availability and accessibility of commodities. Lessons learned from the affected lives due to COVID-19 can be used in proper planning of inevitable future crises.

scholarly journals Using video in childbirth research

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Davis Harte ◽  
Caroline SE Homer ◽  
Athena Sheehan ◽  
Nicky Leap ◽  
Maralyn Foureur
Keyword(s):  
Video Recording ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Video Research ◽  
Unit Design ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Conducting video-research in birth settings raises challenges for ethics review boards to view birthing women and research-midwives as capable, autonomous decision-makers. Aim: This study aimed to gain an understanding of how the ethical approval process was experienced and to chronicle the perceived risks and benefits. Research design: The Birth Unit Design project was a 2012 Australian ethnographic study that used video recording to investigate the physical design features in the hospital birthing space that might influence both verbal and non-verbal communication and the experiences of childbearing women, midwives and supporters. Participants and research context: Six women, 11 midwives and 11 childbirth supporters were filmed during the women’s labours in hospital birth units and interviewed 6 weeks later. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by an Australian Health Research Ethics Committee after a protracted process of negotiation. Findings: The ethics committee was influenced by a traditional view of research as based on scientific experiments resulting in a poor understanding of video-ethnographic research, a paradigmatic view of the politics and practicalities of modern childbirth processes, a desire to protect institutions from litigation, and what we perceived as a paternalistic approach towards protecting participants, one that was at odds with our aim to facilitate situations in which women could make flexible, autonomous decisions about how they might engage with the research process. Discussion: The perceived need for protection was overly burdensome and against the wishes of the participants themselves; ultimately, this limited the capacity of the study to improve care for women and babies. Conclusion: Recommendations are offered for those involved in ethical approval processes for qualitative research in childbirth settings. The complexity of issues within childbirth settings, as in most modern healthcare settings, should be analysed using a variety of research approaches, beyond efficacy-style randomised controlled trials, to expand and improve practice-based results.

Pagdihon: The Art and Language of Pottery Making in Bari, Sibalom, Antique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edbert Jay M. Cabrillos ◽  
◽  
Rowena S. Cabrillos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
Language Pattern ◽  
Art And Language

Pottery is seen as creation of ornamentals, cooking and storing materials. Yet, while economic gains are often considered from producing these materials, the artistic and linguistic aspects have been ignored. This study discusses the factors influencing the culture of pottery, the processes of pottery making, and seeks to uncover the language used in processes of pottery making in Bari, Sibalom, Antique. A qualitative research employing ethnographic study with participant observation and face to face interviews using photo documentation, video recording and open-ended questions in gathering the data was employed. There were five manugdihon, or potters, purposively selected as key informants of the study. The study revealed that environmental factors influenced the culture of pottery making in the barangay. There were seven main processes in pottery making. These included gathering and preparing of materials, mixing the needed materials, cleaning the mixed clay, forming of desired shape, detaching, drying, and polishing and varnishing. Further findings indicate that, together the other processes, the language used in poterry making was archaic Kinaray-a, the language of the province. This language pattern suggests a specialized pottery making. Ultimately, the study suggest that the manugdihon should continue their artistic talents so that the language may be preserved. The educational institutions of the province may provide ways to include pottery making in the curriculum so that the art and language of pottery making will be preserved and promoted.

Barriers to self-care in elderly people with hypertension: a qualitative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Hanieh Gholamnejad ◽  
Ali Darvishpoor Kakhki ◽  
Fazlollah Ahmadi ◽  
Camelia Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis

Purpose Hypertension is the most common chronic disease throughout the world. Self-care is the key criteria in determining the final course of the disease. However, the majority of elderly people do not observe self-care behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the experiences of elderly people with hypertension in order to understand the barriers of their self-care behaviors. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach conducted in Tehran, Iran in 2017. Data collection was done among 23 participants – 14 elderly people; 6 cardiologists, geriatric physicians and nurses working in the cardiovascular ward; and 3 caregivers – who were selected by purposeful sampling. Using semi-structured, face-to-face interviews, data collection was continued until data saturation. Findings Three main categories, including attitude limitations, inefficient supportive network and desperation, all showed barriers to self-care by the experiences of elderly people with hypertension. Originality/value Lack of knowledge of the disease and its treatment process is one of the main barriers to self-care in elderly people with hypertension. Deficient supportive resources along with economic and family problems exacerbate the failure to do self-care behaviors.

scholarly journals Integrating tobacco cessation into routine dental practice: protocol for a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e028792
Author(s):  
Rachana Shah ◽  
Rupal Shah ◽  
Sujal Shah ◽  
Upendra Bhojani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Indian City ◽  
The Government

IntroductionCombined efforts to encompass different aspects of tobacco control have been in place for some time. Despite the recognition of the need to offer support to tobacco users to quit tobacco use, such support remains highly inadequate in India. However, little is known about the practice of oral health professionals (OHP) and the experiences and expectations of dental patients in the context of tobacco cessation (TC) services. In this article, we describe the protocol of a doctoral research project that explores OHPs and their patients in an Indian city. The aims are (A) to understand the functioning of the oral healthcare system towards TC and what changes to it will be needed to benefit TC and (B) to capture the views of dental patients on TC services provided by OHPs.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional qualitative study based on individual interviews with OHPs and dental patients will be carried out in the city of Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The OHP will be purposively selected from two major organisation types: (1) single-doctor dental clinics and (2) dental hospital attached to teaching institutions. The sample population will be divided into two subgroups: general OHP (dentists practising general dentistry irrespective of their qualification) and prosthodontists (dentists with a specialisation in prosthodontics). We will sample dental patients through convenient sampling from a public teaching hospital and select private dental care facilities. The sampling of OHPs and dental patients will continue until we reach data saturation. Interviews will be audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded by hand. The interview transcript will subsequently be analysed using thematic content analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad. The findings will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and to the study participants.

scholarly journals Determinant of Customers’ Intention to Use Islamic Banking (Case Study in Jayapura City)

IKONOMIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Ira Eka Pratiwi (IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua, Indonesia) ◽  
Fachrudin Fiqri Affandy (IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua, Indonesia) ◽  
Abdul Karman (IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua, Indonesia)
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study investigates the influence of faith, social influence, regulation, and bank functions on the intention to use Islamic banking. The study used quantitative method and the data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The sample consisted of 200 customers of one of the largest Islamic bank in Indonesia: Bank Mandiri Syariah, which is located in Jayapura, the capital city of Papua Province. The data were obtained by random sampling using through a face-to-face survey. The internal consistency reliability and validity test indicated that all scale items were proven reliable and valid. The multiple regression linear was used to analyze the influence of independent variables toward dependent variables. This study suggested that faith significantly affected the customers intention to use Islamic banking. Meanwhile, social influence, regulation, and bank functions did not show a significant influence on customers’ intention to use Islamic banking.Key words : Islamic Banking; Faith; Social Influence; Regulation; Bank Function

scholarly journals Core outcome set measurement for future clinical trials in acute myeloid leukemia: the HARMONY study protocol using a multi-stakeholder consensus-based Delphi process and a final consensus meeting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina M Lang ◽  
Kathryn L. Harrison ◽  
Paula R. Williamson ◽  
Brian J.P. Huntly ◽  
Gert Ossenkoppele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Core Outcome ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Outcome Set ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Stakeholder Consensus ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Background Acute myeloid leukemia is the most common acute leukemia in adults with an unacceptably low cure rate. In recent years a number of new treatment strategies and compounds were developed for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. There were several randomized, controlled clinical trials with the objective to improve patients’ management and patients’ outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Unfortunately, these trials are not always directly comparable, as they do not measure the same outcomes and currently there are no core outcome sets that can be utilized to guide outcome selection and harmonization in this disease area. The HARMONY Alliance is a public-private European Network established in 2017, which currently includes 53 partners and 32 associated members from 22 countries. Amongst many other goals of the HARMONY Alliance, Work Package 2 focuses on defining outcomes that are relevant to each hematological malignancy. In accordance, a pilot study will be performed to define core outcome set in acute myeloid leukemia. Methods The pilot study will use a three-round Delphi survey and a final consensus meeting to define a core outcome set. Participants will be recruited from different stakeholder groups, including patients, clinicians, regulators and members of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA). At the pre-Delphi stage a literature research was conducted followed by several semi-structured interviews of clinical public and private key opinion leaders. Subsequently the preliminary outcome list was discussed in several multi-stakeholder face-to-face meetings. The Delphi survey will reduce the preliminary outcome list to essential core outcomes. After completing the last Delphi round a final face-to-face meeting is planned to achieve consensus about core outcome set in acute myeloid leukemia. Discussion The pilot Delphi as part of HARMONY Alliance aims to define a core outcome set in acute myeloid leukemia based on a multi-stakeholder consensus. Such a core outcome set will help to allow consistent comparison of future clinical trials and real world evidence research and ensures that appropriate outcomes valued by a range of stakeholders are measured within future trials.

scholarly journals The “Smart Work” Myth: How Bureaucratic Inertia and Workplace Culture Stymied Digital Transformation in the Relocation of South Korea’s Capital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JY Hur ◽  
Wonhyuk Cho ◽  
G Lee ◽  
Sarah Bickerton
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Work Routines ◽  
Traditional Work

© 2019, © 2019 Asian Studies Association of Australia. Starting in 2012, the South Korean government has implemented a large-scale relocation of its central government agencies, which are now split between the existing capital city (Seoul) and a new administrative-capital city (Sejong). One of the most controversial aspects of the relocation has been the bureaucratic inefficiency caused by its split nature. ICT-enabled solutions, dubbed “Smart Work”, were adopted to deal with this challenge, but have not been effective in avoiding inefficiency. In this article, we argue that different forms of organisational inertia created resistance to switching from traditional work routines to Smart Work’s ICT-assisted equivalents. Various forms of inertia–psychological (anxiety around learning new technologies), cognitive (culture/norms in face-to-face work routines), technological (stickiness of pre-existing IT system), political (continued influence from elected officials), and resource allocation (success bias from previous digital government projects)–significantly influenced public managers’ work practices in Sejong. These types of inertia, we argue, have reinforced face-to-face communication rather than digital communication, on-site visits rather than video-conferencing, and fixed-time work rather than flex-work. Our findings challenge dominant views from functionalist models of digital transformation and emphasise the importance of cultural congruency between workplace norms and technophilic business processes.

scholarly journals JEWELRY IN CELUK: ITS TRENDS, DEVELOPMENT, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE VILLAGE ARTISANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
I Ketut Sida Arsa ◽  
Ni Made Ary Widiastini
Keyword(s):  
Production Management ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The People ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Method Of Production ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Village

This study was aimed at explaining jewelry production, its development and implications of the developing trends. This study was conducted in Celuk Village, Gianyar Regency, a place or arena of production, distribution and at the same time sale of jewelry in Bali, Indonesia, in which Celuk is regarded as the basis for jewelry. This paper explains the development of jewelry at the beginning of the emergence of tourism and the implications, and the introduction of casting machine as the method of production which had an implication in the change of human labor, in which the artisans became machine power regarded as more professional in jewelry production. The data of this ethnographic study were collected through observation, in-depth interview, library research, and internet search. The finding showed that the presence of jewelry that is developing in Celuk Village does not give an optimal positive contribution to the community of the village as artisans, but in stead, it gives profits to the people outside the village who are involved in the development of the jewelry trends. The entrance of tourism with the implication on the high level of jewelry production and sale in Celuk Village started from 1980s gave profits to tour guides who were regarded as the ones who deserve to get fee in a large amount by the artisans. When there was a trend in jewelry in 2010-2014, in which the demand for jewelry like accessories for kebaya cloth for going to the temple and a ring with gemstone drove away the artisans whose position had been replaced by casting machines and workers who came from outside of Celuk Village who were regarded more professional by jewelry business people in producing standard jewelry in a large quantity. In this paper it is understood that artisans in Celuk Village are not able to obtain an optimal use from jewelry trends that develop in their location due to various factors such as the low level of education of the artisans, low level of profesionalism in working, and the low level of ability of the artisans in production management

scholarly journals ‘I Do Not Appear to Have had Previous Letters’. The Potential and Pitfalls of Using a Qualitative Correspondence Method to Facilitate Insights Into Life in Prison During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110471
Author(s):  
Matthew Maycock
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Action Research Project ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Research Questions

The Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown represents a significant challenge for qualitative researchers due to social distancing measures restricting face-to-face data collection. At the time of ethical approval (early April 2020), all face-to-face research projects facilitated by the Scottish Prison Service and most prison jurisdictions were paused. In response to these methodological challenges, a participatory action correspondence methodology was designed in order for people in custody to influence the direction of this project by suggesting research questions and themes. This article analyses the potential of this approach, what this illuminated and critically engages with the challenges of implementing this qualitative methodology. Eight participants were selected due to previous participation in a Participatory Action Research project at one Scottish prison. After consent was given via post, eight letters were sent to the participants. This paper analyses the questions relating to, and aspects of Covid-19 that were important to the participants, in the hope that these insights will influence other qualitative research on the impacts of Covid-19 within prison settings. Methodologically and theoretically, this paper illustrates the potential and challenges relating to using a qualitative correspondence method to facilitate unique insights into life in custody during what emerges as a particularly challenging time in prison settings. More widely the paper reiterates and restates the importance of qualitative research methods as methods that provide unique and rich insights into the Covid-19 pandemic.

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