Concerns about Wearing Masks to Avoid COVID-19 Infection in China: Assessment of an Internet-based Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Xu ◽  
Qingqing Wu ◽  
Shuiyang Xu ◽  
Yushui Zhao ◽  
Xuehai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Breathable Fabric ◽  
Information Channels ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Protective Mask

BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has the potential to spread from person to person in close contact settings. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has released a handbook on COVID-19 in the context of disseminating health information among the public, specifically related to wearing masks correctly and adopting preventive measures to avoid the COVID-19 infection. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to assess the level of mask knowledge, behavior related to mask usage, and major information channels in China. METHODS An Internet-based survey was conducted primarily using the DingXiang Doctor WeChat public accounts, and there were 10,304 respondents to the survey. The data about mask knowledge and behavior were recollected and analyzed. RESULTS The findings revealed that 64.49% of the participants practiced protective mask behavior, 97.93% believed that wearing masks is effective against COVID-19, 96.85% chose the mask that has two of more layers of washable, breathable fabric, 70.57% wore masks correctly, and 51.62% changed masks within four hours. Gender, age, occupation, and education level had significant effects on behavior, while marital and infection status of family members were not significant. There were ten major information channels, such as WeChat public account (89.55%), news applications (55.78%), WeChat (50.12%), television/radio (45.05%), microblogs (44.24%), friends/relatives/colleagues (27.84%), websites (25.99%), SMS (17.29%), community outreach (16.58%), and newspapers (7.53%). CONCLUSIONS This study elucidated that the Chinese netizens’ protective mask behavior was far lower than mask knowledge. Improved information channels and adequate information on wearing masks are necessary to improve the public’s protective mask behavior, particularly among the males, elderly, and people with less education.

Knowledge about emergency and non-emergency dental procedures during covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1524-1528
Author(s):  
Harshada Ragunathan ◽  
Krithika C ◽  
Tamanna M ◽  
Tanaaz Amjad Khan ◽  
Suresh Kumar G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Dental Assistants

The novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has become a real challenge for healthcare providers around the world. Recently, it has been recorded that among all the health care professionals dentists, dental assistants, and dental hygienists are at high risk as they are in close contact with patients and are exposed to body fluids of patients. To assess the knowledge and create awareness of changes in the practice of emergency and non – emergency dental procedures during COVID-19 among dental interns. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100dental interns. As the study was conducted during the pandemic time, a web-based survey was created using google form which composed of a set of 12 structured custom- made questions. The answers were collected and subjected to statistics.It was seen that more than 80% of the dental interns were aware of the guidelines issued by various dental associations regarding changes in dental procedures during COVID-19 pandemic situation. Most of the students were also aware of the term ‘Tele dentistry’ and telecommunications for dental care, consultation and education. Adaptations and adjustments in the dental procedures need to be done to avoid the spread of the disease. Hence, it is important and mandatory for dental professionals and students to be aware of the precautions to be taken when performing emergency as well as non-emergency procedures during this pandemic situation.

scholarly journals The Public’s Perception of the Severity and Global Impact at the Start of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Crowdsourcing-Based Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orr Shauly ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel Gould
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Sectional Analysis

BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a rapidly developing threat to most people in the United States and abroad. The behaviors of the public are important to understand, as they may have a tremendous impact on the course of this novel coronavirus pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study intends to assess the US population’s perception and knowledge of the virus as a threat and the behaviors of the general population in response. METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with random volunteers recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk, an internet crowdsourcing service, on March 24, 2020. RESULTS A total of 969 participants met the inclusion criteria. It was found that the perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly differed between age groups (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) and men and women (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). A majority of study participants were actively adhering to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Though many participants identified COVID-19 as a threat, many failed to place themselves appropriately in the correct categories with respect to risk. This may indicate a need for additional public education for appropriately defining the risk of this novel pandemic.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding COVID-19 among pharmacists in Goa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5081
Author(s):  
Jagadish A. Cacodcar ◽  
Padmanabh V. Rataboli ◽  
Sparsh S. Naik ◽  
Karen Dos Santos ◽  
Mugdha Sanil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Right ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: COVID-19 is a highly transmissible and pathogenic viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, which emerged in Wuhan, China and became a global pandemic. The aim of our study was to ascertain knowledge, attitudes and practices of pharmacists who are among the Frontline Healthcare Workers involved in infection control and prevention of COVID-19; employing a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study employing a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire was carried out among 200 pharmacists in Goa, using simple random sampling method. The study period was 1 month during March-April 2020.Results: Out of 200 pharmacists, the name of the disease was known by 87%, mode of transmission by 94.5% and major symptoms of the disease by 61%. Very few (28.5%) participants knew that quarantine is for asymptomatic contacts of the disease. Majority (69%) were aware that persons at risk should be placed under observation for 2 weeks. Only 18% knew that 6 feet constitutes close contact. A large number (93%) were aware of the preventive measures for the disease. Most participants possessed the right attitudes and followed correct practices- 96% were willing to avoid foreign travel, 90% preferred to avoid shaking hands during the ongoing disease transmission, 93% cover their face while coughing/sneezing and 98% maintain good hand hygiene.Conclusions: The knowledge among pharmacists of Goa though limited, was adequate in terms of epidemiology and clinical presentation of the novel disease. They possessed the right attitudes and followed appropriate preventive practices. 

scholarly journals The Public’s Perception of the Severity and Global Impact at the Start of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Crowdsourcing-Based Cross-Sectional Analysis

10.2196/19768 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. e19768
Author(s):  
Orr Shauly ◽  
Gregory Stone ◽  
Daniel Gould
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Us ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background COVID-19 is a rapidly developing threat to most people in the United States and abroad. The behaviors of the public are important to understand, as they may have a tremendous impact on the course of this novel coronavirus pandemic. Objective This study intends to assess the US population’s perception and knowledge of the virus as a threat and the behaviors of the general population in response. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with random volunteers recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk, an internet crowdsourcing service, on March 24, 2020. Results A total of 969 participants met the inclusion criteria. It was found that the perceived severity of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly differed between age groups (P<.001) and men and women (P<.001). A majority of study participants were actively adhering to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Conclusions Though many participants identified COVID-19 as a threat, many failed to place themselves appropriately in the correct categories with respect to risk. This may indicate a need for additional public education for appropriately defining the risk of this novel pandemic.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Egyptian Medical Students Toward the Novel Coronavirus Disease-19: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 443-450
Author(s):  
Shaimaa A. M. Abd El Fatah ◽  
Marwa Salem ◽  
Ahmed Abdel Hakim ◽  
Eman D. El Desouky
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Behavior

BACKGROUND: People in times of pandemics, crave after any medical field member (including medical students) to gain their knowledge and correct their behaviors. AIM: We aimed to assess medical students’ coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 related knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB). METHODS: The study is an exploratory cross-sectional study, conducted among medical students using an online survey. Medical students were classified according to their current academic year into either early year’s group (first 3 years in the medical school) or final year’s group (past 3 years in the medical school). RESULTS: A total of 2255 students completed the questionnaire. Regarding their COVID-19 related knowledge; 63.4% gave unsatisfactory responses (answered <75% of the questionnaire items correctly). Most of males (62.9%) and females (64.1%) gave unsatisfactory responses. CONCLUSION: Most of students had unsatisfactory responses of the current pandemic; however, the final year’s group had a significantly higher score in nearly all questionnaire (KAB) subsections than the early year’s group. The majority of both groups significantly believed that there are undeclared numbers in Egypt. Facebook and other platforms were the most common sources of information.

Prevalence of Childhood Obesity In Northeastern Ontario: A Cross-sectional Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foyez Haque ◽  
Alberto G. de la Rocha ◽  
Betty Ann Horbul ◽  
Patricia Desroches ◽  
Craig Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Chi Square Test

Purpose: In Canada, the incidence of childhood obesity has tripled within the past 20 years. The prevalence of obesity in the Timmins, Ontario, student population was studied to gain knowledge for program planning and resource allocation, and to compare Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria with Cole’s international criteria for childhood obesity. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of 801 students were taken. Students were chosen from randomly selected schools for each grade. Data were analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. Data were also compared with other studies. Intragroup comparisons were performed using hypothesis testing for significance with the z table and chi-square test. Results: Overweight and obesity prevalence was 28% according to CDC criteria. No statistical difference was found between genders or among ethnic groups, or between this study and other Canadian studies. In comparison with the CDC criteria, Cole’s international criteria indicated less obesity and increased overweight prevalence. These differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings suggest that in the northern Ontario community of Timmins, the prevalence of childhood obesity is of epidemic proportions. When the findings are shared with different agencies, this study will help the health unit to take necessary public health measures to curb the epidemic.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2: Vaccine Hesitancy among Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Groups with HIV in Miami, Florida

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah L Jones ◽  
Ana S Salazar ◽  
Violeta J Rodriguez ◽  
Raymond R Balise ◽  
Claudia Uribe Starita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Medical Mistrust ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 and HIV disproportionally affect underrepresented ethnoracial groups in the US. Medical mistrust and vaccine hesitancy will likely impact acceptability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This study examined SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy among underrepresented ethnoracial groups with HIV and identified factors that may reduce vaccine uptake. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults ≥18 years with HIV residing in Miami, FL. Participants were invited to participate in the ACTION (A Comprehensive Translational Initiative on Novel Coronavirus) cohort study. A baseline survey was administered from April-August 2020 and followed by a COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey from August-November 2020. The COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey was adapted from the Strategic Advisory Group Experts survey. Comparisons by race and ethnicity were performed using the Freedman-Haltmann extension of Fisher’s exact test Results A total of 94 participants were enrolled, mean age 54.4 years, 52% female, 60% Black non-Latinx, and 40% non-Black Latinx. Black non-Latinx participants were less likely to agree that vaccinations are important for health when compared to non-Black Latinx (67.8% vs 92.1%, p=0.009), less likely to agree that vaccines are effective in preventing disease (67.8% vs 84.2%, p=0.029), less likely to believe that vaccine information is reliable and trustworthy (35.7% vs 71.1%, p=0.002), and less likely to believe vaccines were unnecessary because COVID-19 would disappear soon (11% vs 21%, p=0.049). Conclusion Medical mistrust, vaccine hesitancy and negative sentiments about SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are prevalent among underrepresented ethnoracial groups with HIV, particularly Black non-Latinx. Targeted strategies to increase vaccine uptake in this population are warranted.

scholarly journals 425. The Utility of Paired Upper and Lower COVID-19 Sampling in Patients with Artificial Airways

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S279-S279
Author(s):  
Eimear Kitt ◽  
Julia S Sammons ◽  
Kathleen Chiotos ◽  
Susan E Coffin ◽  
Susan E Coffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends upper respiratory tract (URT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing as the initial diagnostic test for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Lower respiratory tract (LRT) testing for patients requiring mechanical ventilation is also recommended. The goal of this study was to evaluate concordance between paired URT and LRT specimens in children undergoing pre-admission/procedure screening or diagnostic testing. We hypothesized that &lt; 10% of paired tests would have discordant results. Methods Single center cross-sectional study including children with artificial airways who had paired URT and LRT SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing between 4/1/2020 and 6/8/2020. URT specimens included nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and aspirates. LRT specimens included tracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavages. URT and LRT specimens were classified as paired if the two specimens were collected within 24 hours. Artificial airways included tracheostomies and endotracheal tubes. Tests were classified as diagnostic versus screening based on the indication selected in the order. Results 102 paired specimens were obtained during the study period. Fifty-nine were performed for screening and 43 were performed for diagnosis of suspected SARS-CoV-2. Overall, 94 specimens (92%) were concordant, including 89 negative from both sources and 5 positive from both sources. Eight specimens (8%) were discordant, all of which were positive from the URT and negative from the LRT (Figure 1). Among patients undergoing screening, 3 of 4 positive tests were discordant and among symptomatic patients, 5 of 9 positive tests were discordant. There were no instances of a positive LRT specimen with a negative URT specimen. Figure 1. Performance of upper and lower respiratory tract SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing in children with artificial airways Conclusion Overall, most paired samples from the URT and LRT yielded concordant results with no pairs positive from the LRT and negative from the URT. These data support the CDC recommendation that URT specimens are the preferred initial SARS-CoV-2 test, while LRT specimens should be collected only from mechanically ventilated with suspected SARS-CoV-2. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Assessment of Saudi Parents’ Beliefs and Behaviors towards Management of Child Fever in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5217
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Thermometer ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.

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