Effective Conditions for Extracting Higher Quality Kernels from the Sonnati salams Apricot

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Fathollahzadeh ◽  
Hossein Tabatabaie ◽  
Hossein Mobli
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Compression Axis ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Apricot Kernel ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Apricot Kernels ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Effective Conditions

This study focused on researching the effective conditions for extracting high quality apricot kernels. Specifically, we analyze the effects of moisture content and compression axis on the amount of force needed to crack apricot pits and kernels. Apricot pits were analyzed at 6.82, 12.93, 17.81 and 23.01% wet base moisture contents and apricot kernels were analyzed at 2.86, 4.10, 8.81 and 13.03% wet base moisture contents. Apricot pits and kernels were compressed at different moisture contents and the amounts of needed force for cracking were calculated along the length, width and thickness of pits and kernels. It was observed that, with increasing moisture content of the apricot pits and kernels, the energy for cracking decreased. Furthermore, this study also revealed that cracking an apricot pit requires higher rupture force and energy when compressed along its length and that cracking an apricot kernel requires higher rupture force when compressed along its thickness. Results showed that for the proper extraction of kernels, apricot pits should be compressed along its width at certain moisture content, which is very important for designing apricot pit-crushing machines.

scholarly journals Mechanical damage caused by the use of grain carts for transport during soybean seed harvest

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Albaneze ◽  
Francisco Amaral Villela ◽  
Jean Carlo Possenti ◽  
Karina Guollo ◽  
Ivan Carlos Riedo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Harvest

Abstract: Mechanical damage constitutes one of the factors limiting production of high quality soybean seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on seed viability and mechanical damage caused to soybean seeds when using a grain cart, together with an auger unloading system, as a means of transporting grain from the combine to the truck. Seed samples were collected in two seed production fields in the region of Abelardo Luz, SC, Brazil, at three different times (10:00, 12:30, and 16:00) and from three places (in the combine grain tank, in the grain wagon, and in the truck). The percentages of broken seeds, moisture content, mechanical damage to the seed coat, and germination were evaluated. The use of auxiliary grain cart equipment contributed to an increase in breakage and mechanical injury in seeds, worsening seed viability. Seeds collected at lower moisture contents had higher breakage and higher rates of mechanical damage.

Effect of Moisture Content on Sunflower Seed Physical and Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdeen Mousa Ali ◽  
Wang Yuan Zong ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Horia Mohamed Abd El-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
True Density ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Length Width

This study was carried out to measure some physical and mechanical properties of the sunflower seeds variety “DW667”. The physical properties (length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, surface area of seed, one thousand seed mass, bulk and true density, porosity) and mechanical properties (compressive load and displacement deformation for vertical and horizontal orientations) were measured at 4%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% Dray basis (d.b.) moisture contents. Higher moisture content from 4%to25% increased length, width, thickness, equivalent diameter, sphericity, surface area of seed, one thousand seed mass, bulk and true density, porosity and deformation displacement at the vertical and horizontal orientations of seeds increased from 10.57 to , 4.50 to , 2.85 to , 5.13 to , 49 to 50 %, 82.95 to 94.53 mm2, 33.70 to , 286.80 to 314.98 kg/m3, 406.47 to 483.61 kg/m3, 29.22 to 34.54 %, 1.63 to 2.63 mm and 0.70 to 1.87 mm, respectively. While the required compressive force for rupture seeds decreased from 25.3 to 12.39 N and 11.5 to 5.63 N for vertical and horizontal orientations, respectively with moisture contents uprising from 4 to 25 %. The findings of this study will open new windows in farm mechanization for the designing and improvement of treatment machines for this type of seed.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice during drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Paulo César Corrêa ◽  
Gabriel Henrique Horta de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis Duarte Goneli ◽  
Carmen Jarén
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Value Range

This work aimed to determine the mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice grains, for different moisture contents, by obtaining their rupture force, deformation, maximum compression force and proportional deformity modulus under a compression test. Rice grains, with moisture content varying from 0.12 to 0.30 (d.b.), were subject to an uniaxial compression in order to analyze these properties. On reducting moisture content the rupture force increased from 37.2 to 70.6 N for dehulled rice and 48.0 to 79.5 N for rough rice. The average compression force varied from 131 to 171 N for dehulled rice and 203 to 283 N for rough rice. The value range of proportional deformity modulus was from 5.5 x 109 to 7.4 x 109 Pa for dehulled rice and 9.5 x 109 to 12.3 x 109 Pa for rough rice. Rough rice presented more resistance to compression compared to dehulled rice.

Physical properties of Christmas Lima bean at different moisture content

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H Aghkhani ◽  
S.H. Miraei Ashtiani ◽  
J. Baradaran Motie ◽  
M.H. Abbaspour-Fard
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Projected Area ◽  
Dynamic Coefficients ◽  
Rubber Surface ◽  
Rupture Energy ◽  
Length Width

Abstract Some moisture-dependent physical properties of Christmas Lima were investigated. Results of experiments on rewetted Christmas Lima bean seed showed increasing in length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, volume, sphericity, mass, 1 000 seeds mass, projected area and terminal velocity.Adecreasing trend for bulk density and true density was observed. Both static and dynamic coefficients of friction increased as the moisture content increased. The highest static (0.59) and dynamic coefficients of friction (0.34) were found on the rubber surface. The average rupture force, rupture deformation and rupture energy were investigated under compression loading. These characteristics were determined as functions of moisture content, compression orientations and deformation rates. At all deformation rates, rupture deformation and rupture energy of the Christmas Lima bean generally increased with increase of moisture content. Moreover, rupture force decreased for compression along the X- and Y-axis.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice during drying

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Paulo César Corrêa ◽  
Gabriel Henrique Horta de Oliveira ◽  
André Luis Duarte Goneli ◽  
Carmen Jarén
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Rupture Force ◽  
Compression Force ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rough Rice ◽  
Value Range

This work aimed to determine the mechanical properties of rough and dehulled rice grains, for different moisture contents, by obtaining their rupture force, deformation, maximum compression force and proportional deformity modulus under a compression test. Rice grains, with moisture content varying from 0.12 to 0.30 (d.b.), were subject to an uniaxial compression in order to analyze these properties. On reducting moisture content the rupture force increased from 37.2 to 70.6 N for dehulled rice and 48.0 to 79.5 N for rough rice. The average compression force varied from 131 to 171 N for dehulled rice and 203 to 283 N for rough rice. The value range of proportional deformity modulus was from 5.5 x 109 to 7.4 x 109 Pa for dehulled rice and 9.5 x 109 to 12.3 x 109 Pa for rough rice. Rough rice presented more resistance to compression compared to dehulled rice.

Physical Properties of Finola® Hemp Seeds: Clean and Containing Dockages

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuji Jian ◽  
Sam Yavari ◽  
Ramasamy Boopathy Narendran ◽  
Digvir S. Jayas
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
True Density ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Average Surface Area

Abstract.Physical properties of hemp seeds (, L., cultivar Finola®) with 5%, 10%, and 15% foreign materials and dockages (FMD) at 9%, 12%, and 15% moisture contents (wet basis) were measured. The measured and determined physical properties include physical dimensions (length, width, thickness, kernel volume, sphericity, and average surface area), density (bulk and true density), porosity, weight of 1000 kernels, filling and empting angles of repose, and coefficients of friction on surfaces of plywood, galvanized steel, steel-troweled concrete, and wood-floated concrete. The mean value of the length, width, and thickness of the 50 kernels had a linear relationship with the increase of moisture content; however, this was not true for individual kernels. Bulk density of seeds at any FMD level decreased linearly or quadratically with the moisture content increase, while the true density had an opposite trend. Increasing FMD significantly increased the bulk density at any moisture content, and there were variations for the true density. There were gaps between the seed coat and cotyledon, and these gaps became smaller or disappeared when the seed moisture content was increased. This phenomenon resulted in the same average surface area, same volume, and exponential increase in porosity to 58.5% with the increase of moisture content. Increased FMD significantly decreased the porosity at any moisture content. Emptying angle of repose increased with the increase of moisture contents and percentage of FMD. Higher variability was observed in the filling angle of repose than in the emptying angle of repose. The coefficient of friction was the largest against wood-floated and steel-troweled concrete, followed by galvanized steel, and the smallest was against the plywood surface. Keywords: Angle of repose, Density, Foreign material and dockage (FMD), Friction against structural surface, Hemp seed, Physical dimensions.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Treatment on Small White Ginger Rhizome Viability

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melati Melati ◽  
Devi Rusmin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
And Storage

One problem for developing small white ginger (Zingiber officinale var. amarum) is theavailability of high quality rhizome seeds in right quantity and time. Seed rhizome will sproutquickly, and its quality will decreased in immature seed rhizome and in not good storage conditions.The main objective of the experiment was to study the best storage room conditions for storagerhizome seeds of small white ginger. The experiment was conducted in seed laboratory and storageroom of Research Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Bogor. The experiment wasconducted by randomized complete design with nine different storage, 3 replication and 25 sampleseach treatment. The treatments are 1) rhizome seeds storage in room temperature (control),(2)rhizome seeds storage in AC room (16–240C),(3) rhizome seed soaked in paclobutrazol 1000 ppmfor 4 hours then seeds storage in room temperature ( 4) put rhizome seeds in rack and cover bystraw, storage in room temperature (5) rhizome seed storage on straws in the greenhouse ( 6)rhizome seed storage in the greenhouse without straw ( 7) rhizome seed soaked in water during 1hour every month then dried naturally in 300C and storage in AC room (8) rhizome seed soakedin paclobutrazol 1000 ppm for 4 hour then storage in AC room ( 9) put rhizome in wood box andcover by rice straw and husk. Variables observed include moisture contents of ginger seed, lostweight of seed and germination percentage of rhizome seeds at the end of storage period. The resultof experiment indicated that the moisture content and weight rhizome seeds decrease after 2 months. After four months storage period, moisture content was still high above 80 %, exceptrhizome seeds in under ground. The rhizome seeds that store in AC room showed the bestperformance and thus, this treatment can be recommended for storage of small white gingerrhizome seeds for 4 months. The low moisture content (< 80%) of rhizome small white ginger seedswill decreased its viability.Keywords: Zingiber officinale var. amarum, seed, storage, viability

Effect of the moisture content on the physical properties of bitter gourd seed

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ünal ◽  
H.C. Alpsoy ◽  
A. Ayhan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Static Coefficient Of Friction

Abstract Some physical and germination properties of bitter gourd seed were determined in a moisture content range of 9.3-32.1% d.b. For this moisture, the average length, width, and thickness of seed increased by 3.68, 4.07, and 4.56%, respectively. The geometric properties increased with increasing moisture content. The bulk density and rupture force decreased while thousand seed mass, true density, porosity, terminal velocity and static coefficient of friction increased with increasing moisture content. At all moisture contents, the maximum friction was offered by rubber, followed by plywood, aluminum, and galvanized iron surface. The seed germination duration, seedling emergence percentage, and germination index values gave the best results at the 19.9% moisture content, whereas fresh seedling mass was not affected by different moisture contents.

The Smoulder Stream of Cigarettes / Zur Kenntnis des Glimmstromes von Cigaretten

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Seehofer ◽  
W. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Cigarette Paper ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe phenomenon of the smoulder stream flowing through the cigarette during smouldering and during the puff intervals is demonstrated for the first time and its dependence upon physical conditions is examined. The volume of the smoulder stream can amount up to 180 ml per cigarette. Increasing draw resistance of the cigarette and augmenting moisture content of the tobacco as well as perforation of the cigarette paper have a decreasing effect on volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The porosity of the cigarette paper has no perceptible influence. The spatial position of the cigarette affects volume and velocity of the smoulder stream. The influence exercised by the smoulder stream on the yields of total condensate, nicotine, phenols, aldehydes, and acroleine when the cigarette tip is open during the puff intervals is determined. When the moisture contents of the tobacco were extremely high, yield decreases reaching 50 % could be observed.

Developing a Linearization Method to Determine Optimum Blending for Surimi with Varied Moisture Contents Using Linear Programming

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon W. Park ◽  
Jae W. Park ◽  
Won B. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Linearization Method ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Critical Moisture

AbstractNovel algorithm to determine the least cost formulation of a surimi blend was developed using linear programming (LP). Texture properties and the unit cost of surimi blend at the target moisture content were used as constraint functions and the objective function, respectively. The mathematical models to describe the moisture content dependence of the ring tensile properties were developed using critical moisture content, and the model parameters were used for the least cost LP (LCLP) model. The LCLP model successfully predicted the quality of surimi blend. Sensitivity analysis was used to obtain an additional information when the perturbations of design variables are provided. A standard procedure to determine the least cost formulation for blending surimi with varied moisture contents was systematically developed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document