scholarly journals Airway patency in children for dental therapeutic procedures in ambulatory practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Sorokina ◽  
I.V. Teplova ◽  
M.M. Isak
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Artificial Airway ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
The Moment

This article presents a literature review of basic concepts of artificial airway patency in children during anesthetic management for prolonged dental procedures in outpatient surgery (MedLine, PubMed). The following considers the necessity to protect airways from the moment of onset of deep sedation, when verbal contact with a child is not always adequate, the le-vel of reflex activity is reduced, and vital functions control is not complete yet without additional supporting mechanisms. Airway patency management and selection algorithms are given depen-ding on various factors, such as the duration and invasiveness of dental intervention, the characteristics of the child’s anatomy, and concomitant pathologies, as well as associated emergency conditions with a strategy for their prevention. Comparative cha-racteristics of the use of laryngeal devices and various intubation techniques in the aspect of pediatric dentistry have been carried out. A separate paragraph in the article highlights the methods of monitoring in the operating theatre and the strategy of the Difficult Airway Society, the support and implementation of which is mandatory in any private structures of pediatric outpatient anesthesia practice in Europe and America.

scholarly journals Comparison of different scales for the evaluation of anxiety and compliance with anesthetic induction in children undergoing scheduled major outpatient surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Vieco-García ◽  
Amanda López-Picado ◽  
Manuel Fuentes ◽  
Laura Francisco-González ◽  
Belén Joyanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
The State ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Preoperative Anxiety ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Assessment Scales ◽  
Surgical Unit

Abstract Introduction Anxiety in children triggered by a scheduled surgical intervention is a major issue due to its frequency and consequences. Preoperative anxiety is associated with increased patient fear and agitation on anesthetic induction. The aim of this study is to compare three preoperative anxiety scales for children undergoing elective outpatient surgery, and to correlate each of these tools with the degree of patient compliance on induction, as assessed by the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC). Methods An observational prospective study was performed on a cohort of children with ages between 2 and 16 years old, scheduled for outpatient surgery. Anxiety was assessed upon arrival to the hospital (M0), during transfer to the surgical unit (M1), and in the operating room during anesthetic induction (M2). Anxiety in the parents (measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI) and in the children (measured with the Spence Anxiety Scale-Pediatric, SCAS-P, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Children, STAIC, and Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, m-YPAS) was assessed. Compliance with anesthetic induction was assessed with ICC. Results The study included 76 patients (72.4% male, median age 7.9 years). Anxiety scores (m-YPAS) increased as the moment of surgery approached, being greater at the entrance to the surgical unit (M0 = 26.1 ± 9.5; M1 = 31.8 ± 18.1; M2 = 33.5 ± 21.1). A strong correlation was found between ICC scale and m-YPAS at M1 (0.738) and M2 timepoints (0.794), but not with the rest of scales at M0. Conclusions Standard anxiety assessment scales do not predict the quality of anesthetic induction. m-YPAS scale can detect increasing anxiety in children as they approach the surgical procedure and this correlates strongly with a worse anesthetic induction, defined by higher score on ICC scale.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary care for newborns with cleft lip and palate in a children's multidisciplinary hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Мамедов ◽  
Ю.О. Волков ◽  
А.А. Корсунский ◽  
С.А. Паршикова ◽  
Л.А. Мазурина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Facial Defects ◽  
Surgical Preparation ◽  
Group 2

Накопленный опыт детской хирургии новорожденных и современные методы диагностики (компьютерная и магнитно-резонансная томография, пренатальная диагностика) позволили изменить существующие сроки коррекции врожденных пороков лица. В статье подробно описана «Система оказания помощи детям с расщелиной губы и нёба в период новорожденности», разработанная и внедренная на кафедре стоматологии детского возраста и ортодонтии Сеченовского университета. Сформулированы необходимые условия для оказания помощи данной категории пациентов и показания к предхирургической подготовке, обоснована тактика лечения, анестезиологического обеспечения у данной категории новорожденных. В работе приведены результаты ранней хирургической коррекции врожденных пороков лица 46 новорожденным с расщелиной губы и нёба. Детей с расщелиной губы и альвеолярного отростка разделили на 2 группы. В первую группу (n = 30) вошли пациенты, у которых диастаз в области альвеолярных отростков составлял 10 мм и менее. В этом случае сразу выполнялась хейлоринопластика. Во вторую группу (n = 16) вошли дети с диастазом альвеолярного отростка верхней челюсти более 10 мм. Этим новорожденным проводилась предхирургическая ортодонтическая подготовка в течение 10-12 дней (установка ортоимплантатов и наложение эластической тяги – цепочки). Критерием готовности к операции являлось достижение ширины диастаза между фрагментами альвеолярного отростка 10 мм и менее. После этого проводилось одномоментное удаление ортоимплантатов и операция – хейлоринопластика. Новорожденным с расщелиной твердого и мягкого нёба (n = 4) выполнялась уранопластика по методике А. А. Мамедова. У всех пациентов достигнуты хорошие эстетические и функциональные результаты. The accumulated experience of pediatric surgery of newborns and diagnostic methods (CT, MRI, prenatal diagnostics) have made it possible to change the existing terms for the correction of congenital facial defects. The article describes in detail «A system of care for children with cleft lip and palate in the neonatal period», developed and implemented at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Sechenov University. The necessary conditions for rendering assistance to this category of patients are described, indications for pre-surgical preparation are formulated, the tactics of treatment, anesthetic management in this category of newborns are substantiated. The article presents the results of early surgical correction of 46 newborns with cleft lip and palate. Children with cleft lip and alveolar bone were divided into 2 groups. The first group (n = 30) included patients whose diastasis in the area of the alveolar processes was 10 mm or less. In this case, cheilorinoplasty was performed immediately. Group 2 (n = 16) included children with alveolar ridge diastasis of the upper jaw of more than 10 mm. This group of newborns underwent pre-surgical orthodontic preparation for 10-12 days, which consisted of installing ortho-implants and applying an elastic traction chain. The criterion for readiness for surgery was the achievement of a diastasis width between the fragments of the alveolar process of 10 mm or less. This was followed by simultaneous removal of ortho-implants and surgery – cheilorinoplasty. Newborns with a cleft of the hard and soft palate (n = 4) underwent uranoplasty according to the method of A. A. Mamedov. All patients received good aesthetic and functional results.

Brain death in pregnancy: what will be left of the life of foetus?

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-291
Author(s):  
Matteo Gulino ◽  
Gianluca Montanari Vergallo ◽  
Rosagemma Ciliberti ◽  
Antonio G. Spagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Moment ◽  
In Pregnancy

Brain death in pregnancy (BDinP) has been described in literature as a “rare event” and “hopeless condition for patients”, who has a devastating potential to negatively affect the poetry of the moment of welcoming a new human life to the world. Clinical consequences of BDinP are extremely dangerous for the life of a foetus that, without prompt medical actions, is doomed to suffer the same fate as the mother. Modern medical techniques make it possible to maintain basic vital functions of the pregnant woman for months, in order to achieve a level of development of the foetus. Although maternal somatic support requires the consideration of specific medical parameters, from a bioethical standpoint, this option gives rise to multiple ethical and social implications. In this manuscript, we identify the main ethical and social implications about maternal somatic support, including the potential impact on the clinical practice of medical staff, and discuss some Italian high-impact media cases.* The authors contributed equally to the work.

scholarly journals Apexification with Calcium Hydroxide vs. Revascularization

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
H. Boufdil ◽  
M. Mtalsi ◽  
S. El Arabi ◽  
B. Bousfiha
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Root Structure ◽  
Immature Teeth ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Real Challenge

Treatment of necrotic immature teeth has always been a real challenge for the clinician due to the open apex and weak root structure, which does not allow a conventional endodontic treatment. Several therapeutic options are possible to treat those teeth. Calcium hydroxide apexification is the oldest and most studied therapeutic option, but it has some disadvantages, including the long term of treatment, the possibility of reinfection, and the weakness of the wall. To solve these problems, several authors recommend the revascularization technique. This therapy allows the continuation of root edification with apical closure and thickening of the walls. The aim of our work is to compare the two therapeutic procedures, apexification with calcium hydroxide and revascularization, through a clinical case treated and followed up for 24 months at the pediatric dentistry department in Casablanca, Morocco.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Disease in Children: What Dentists Should Know and Do to Prevent Viral Spread. The Italian Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3642
Author(s):  
Gianmaria F. Ferrazzano ◽  
Aniello Ingenito ◽  
Tiziana Cantile
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Management Protocol ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dental Emergency

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe, becoming a major public health challenge not for China only, but also for countries around the world. Despite worldwide efforts to contain viral spread, the outbreak has not been stopped yet. Among healthcare personnel, dentists seem to be at elevated risk of exposure to COVID-19. This risk is even more serious in pediatric dentistry, since affected children, frequently, present an asymptomatic, mild or moderate clinical viral infection and, therefore, they may play a major role in community-based COVID-19 transmission. To date, despite no universal guidelines are available for dental procedures in pediatric dentistry during COVID-19 outbreak, routine dental practice should be postponed and only severe dental emergencies must be treated. In the case of a dental emergency, involving a pediatric patient, dentists should be aware of which recommended management protocol can be adopted during the practice to protect patient health, to safeguard their-self and to prevent viral transmission. The aim of this paper is to provide clinical recommendations, presenting a needed tool for dentists to allow a valid and safe how-to-do protocol. Pediatric dentists should keep a high level of awareness to help patients, minimize risk and prevent viral spread.

scholarly journals Private Practice Pricing in the Birmingham Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Anant Bakshi ◽  
Raeesa Khan ◽  
Bilal Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Dental Intervention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Insight Into

This study was carried out to evaluate the difference in prices for dental treatments carried out privately in general dental practice within the Birmingham area. Ten different practices were chosen at random, which were spread across Birmingham, in order to get a better insight into the differences across the districts. Their prices for pre-determined dental procedures were procured off the practices’ respective websites or through telephoning. The findings of this study have shown a wide variation in prices for each dental procedure, with the greatest variation in prices between practices being £850 for dental implants. The procedures with the lowest average cost were fissure sealants at £23.14. The procedure with the highest average cost was dental implants at £2,261.11. This study also showed that as more dental treatment was required, the mean cost for the dental intervention increased, regardless of the tooth being treated.

Touch and the Fluctuation of Agency and Motor Control in Pediatric Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enhua Guo ◽  
Julia Katila ◽  
Jürgen Streeck
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Interpersonal Touch ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Child Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Context Shift ◽  
Experience Pain

This study investigates a variety of ways in which dental clinicians and adult guardians touch child patients to get them to participate in dental procedures in China’s mainland. Children at the dentist’s office often experience pain and show fear, and dental care practitioners as well as adult guardians (in our case, parents and grandparents) perform tactile and haptic actions of comfort and control in response. Our analysis shows the dual roles that the children’s bodies play when touching and being touched in the dentist’s office: At times, they are agents or animators in control of their own movements; at other times, they are objects of manipulation by others. Moreover, sometimes their movements are collaboratively controlled by multiple participants, including the patient him/herself. During intercorporeal engagements in Chinese pediatric dentistry, as in many other contexts of interpersonal touch, the center of control and the source of animation of movements and actions are often distributed among multiple bodies. What is more, tactile and haptic actions in this context shift back and forth between direct forms, where the act of one body causes a change in the other, and actions that can be properly called semiotic or communicative in Grice’s (1968) sense, which aim to make the other person recognize the actor’s intent and act on it of his or her own volition.

Use of EMLA®: is it an injection free alternative?

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Munshi ◽  
Amitha Hegde ◽  
R. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Free Alternative ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Color Scale ◽  
Dental Procedures

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA®) for various clinical procedures such as extraction of the mobile primary teeth, root stumps as well as pulpal therapy procedures in the primary teeth. Thirty children in need of routine dental procedures were selected and procedures were done under a single anesthesia of EMLA®. Pain perception and the effectiveness of anesthesia were evaluated with the Eland's color scale and Lickert's scale respectively. Results showed that use of EMLA® could to some extent eliminate the use of the needle in the procedures performed especially in pediatric dentistry.

scholarly journals Anesthetic management of a 12-year-old child with Kagami-Ogata syndrome for pectus excavatum: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisako Nishimoto ◽  
Masahiro Yagihara ◽  
Aki Uemura ◽  
Yoshiki Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Airway Patency ◽  
Case Presentation

Abstract Background Kagami-Ogata syndrome (KOS) is due to abnormal gene expression in the 14q32.2 imprinted region. Laryngomalacia and bell-shaped thorax of children with KOS can affect airway management of general anesthesia. Case presentation A 12-year-old girl with KOS had a mechanical ventilation history and underwent pectus excavatum repair for cosmetic reasons. Although she had undergone invasive thoracic surgery under general and epidural anesthesia, her respiratory rate and tidal volume were stable with adequate pain control mainly through epidural analgesia at the end of the surgery. We examined her larynx by a bronchoscope. Then, we successfully extubated her after confirming the normal movement of her larynx. Conclusions When patients with KOS undergo pectus excavatum repair, anesthesiologists should prevent postoperative respiratory failure by providing adequate postoperative analgesia. Evaluation of airway patency and respiratory pattern before extubation is critical.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Pain Related Behavior During Administration of Local Anesthesia Using the Conventional Syringe and the Computerized Controlled Local Anesthetic Device in Children Exhibiting Different Levels of Anxiety: In vivo Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
Pooja G. Muzumdar ◽  
Vikas Bendgude ◽  
Aditi Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Group B ◽  
Conventional Systems

Background: Pain experienced during dental procedures evolves into negative attitude towards dentistry, which is projected as anxiety and fear of the child. Administration of local anesthesia (L.A) although an intervention to render painless procedures, in itself causes pain by its conveyance. Wand® (Milestone Scientific, Livingston, NJ, USA) is a system introduced to decrease soreness in the course of anesthetic conveyance. Owing to the sparse information comparing conventional systems with those of Wand, the present study evaluated pain related behavior in children exhibiting pre-assessed variant levels of anxiety midst administration of local anesthesia. Aim: To correlate pain related behavior amidst delivery of local anesthesia using conventional syringe and the Wand® STA system in children exhibiting variant anxiety levels. Methodology: The In vivo study embodied 32 children aged between 6 to 8 years. The volunteered participants were pre-categorized into low and high anxiety using the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale. They were further divided using the SNOSE technique – receiving L.A the conventional syringe (group A) and those receiving L.A using the C.C.L.A.D (group B). Pain reactions and perceptions to the two delivery methods were calculated using subjective scales and objective physiological parameters. Results: Comparing pain perception in pre-assessed anxiety categories affirmed a remarkable difference with the use of C.C.L.A.D and appeared to bestow effortless, pain-free delivery over the traditional cartridge delivery. Conclusion: C.C.L.A.D builds a refined acclivity for dispersal of the solution, ergo an utilitarian tool in pediatric dentistry.

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