scholarly journals New opportunities in the treatment of patients with chronic brain ischemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
V.M. Mishchenko ◽  
L.P. Zabrodina ◽  
T.S. Mishchenko ◽  
Yu.V. Bovt
Keyword(s):  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
And Control

The study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Hericium erinaceus extract (Cebrofit) in combination with vinpocetine compared to vinpocetine monotherapy in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. Two groups of patients were identified — the basic and control, which included 160 patients with stage I and II dyscirculatory encephalopathy aged 30 to 80 years. All subjects underwent basic therapy, during which for 3 months patients of the basic group took Cebrofit 1 capsule 150 mg twice a day and vinpocetine (Vicebrol) 1 tablet 5 mg three times a day, and patients of the control group used only vinpocetine according to the scheme described above. Based on a comprehensive study, it was found that the use of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine compared to vinpocetine monotherapy resulted in accelerated regression of subjective and objective manifestations of chronic brain ischemia with an advantage in patients with stage I dyscirculatory encephalopathy. In patients with stage I dyscirculatory encephalopathy, the use of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine produced a pronounced neuroprotective effect, which manifested in a significant improvement in general condition, a decrease in the severity of neurological symptoms, a decrease in the manifestations of asthenia and anxiety after 28 days of therapy, and a significant increase in cognitive performance after 7 days of therapy, while maintaining this positive trend until the end of the course of treatment. In patients with stage II dyscirculatory encephalopathy under the influence of Cebrofit in combination with vinpocetine, positive differences in the form of a decrease in the severity of clinical and neurological symptoms, manifestations of asthenia, anxiety, and depression, as well as improvement in cognitive functions were recorded after 84 days of treatment, which allows recommending the use of these schemes in clinical practice.

Effect of cortexin on the quality of life in the early rehabilitative period after hemispheric ischemic stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Ludmila A. Belova ◽  
V. V. Mashin ◽  
V. V. Abramova ◽  
A. N. Proshin ◽  
A. N. Ovsyannikova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To study the neuroprotective effect of a repeated course of low dose cortexin therapy on the quality of life in the early rehabilitative period after hemispheric ischemic stroke (IS). Materials and methods. 90 patients were divided into group 1 treated with cortexin (10 mg i/m twice daily (morning and afternoon) in addition to basal treatment, group 2 given the repeated course of the same treatment, and control group (basal therapy alone). The standard SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life. Results. Treatment of patients following acute hemispheric ischemic stroke with cortexin (10 mg i/m twice daily) and the repeated course of the same treatment after 10 days resulted in the accelerated and more complete normalization of the quality of life in the early rehabilitation petriod (starting from days 21-27 days after the onset of disease) than in the patients given a single course of cortexin therapy or basal treatment alone.

scholarly journals N-Stearoyl-L-Tyrosine Inhibits the Senescence of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells Induced by Aβ1–42via the CB2 Receptor

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Qing Li ◽  
Ze-jian Wang ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Ming Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Cb1 Receptors ◽  
Cb2 Receptor ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Neural Stem Progenitor Cells ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia

Alzheimer’s disease, one of the neurodegenerative diseases, shows the progressive senescence of neural progenitor/stem cells. N-Stearoyl-L-tyrosine (NsTyr) showed neuroprotective effect against chronic brain ischemia in previous reports. In the present study, we find the antisenescent effects of NsTyr-2K in NSPCs induced by Aβ1–42in vitro. Cell viability of NSPCs was evaluated by CCK8 assay; SA-β-gal staining was used to evaluate senescence of NSPCs. CB receptors were detected by immunohistochemistry in NSPCs. AM251 or AM630 was used to offset the anti-senescence effects afforded by NsTyr-2K. The positive rate of SA-β-gal staining was significantly increased in NSPCs after incubation with Aβ1–42for 9 days. CB receptors were found on the surface of NSPCs. The expression level of CB1 receptors was significantly decreased in NSPCs after incubation with Aβ1–42. This phenomenon was reversed dose-dependently by NsTyr-2K. NsTyr-2K attenuated Aβ1–42induced NSPCs senescence dose-dependently, and its antisenescence effect was completely abolished by AM630. Aβ1–42dose-dependently increased the prosenescence molecules p16 and Rb. Their expression was inhibited by NsTyr-2K dose-dependently and blocked by AM630 in NSPCs. These results suggest that NsTyr-2K can alleviate the senescence of NSPCs induced by Aβ1–42via CB2 receptor.

scholarly journals Role of endothelium dysfunction in starting immunopathologic response in chronic brain ischemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-2) ◽  
pp. 470-474
Author(s):  
G. I. Shumakher ◽  
Ye. N. Vorobiyova ◽  
Ye. V. Nechounayeva ◽  
M. A. Khoreva ◽  
R. I. Vorobiyov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Circulating Endothelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Endothelium Dysfunction ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia

The paper presents results of clinical and laboratory investigation of 106 patients with chronic brain ischemia (CBI) I-II stages (44 males and 62 females). The age of examined patients varied from 38 to 67 years (mean age was 55,6 ± 2,2). The diagnosis of CBI was estimated according to the generally accepted criteria. Results of laboratory investigation of 22 practically healthy people (10 males and 12 females) served as control. The age of control group varied from 35 to 64 years (mean age was 53,2 ± 2,1). Laboratory diagnostics included detection levels of circulating endothelial cells, autoantibodies to encephalitogenic protein, neuron-specific enolase and protein S-100. Reliable changes of immune status as well as signs of endothelium dysfunction was revealed. These indices are expressed in patients with CBI II stage. Direct correlation between intensity of endothelium dysfunction and activity of autoimmune aggression in brain was revealed.

scholarly journals Potential protective effects of bilirubin following the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy with hypothermia therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangyan Zou ◽  
Hao Yuan ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Chunmei Lu ◽  
Laishuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Antioxidant Function ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

AbstractBackground: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the standard therapy for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and is associated with a wide range of physiological changes. Objective: We re-evaluated the effects of HIE and TH on bilirubin measurements following HIE in a center involved in the China cooling randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods: Serial serum bilirubin concentrations measured during the first week of life were compared among the HIE + NT (normothermia) group, HIE + TH treatment group and control group (without HIE). Survivors of HIE were followed and assessed at approximately 2 years of age, and the results were correlated with peak bilirubin levels during the first week of life. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight infants were available for analysis. Significantly lower bilirubin levels were recorded in the HIE + NT group than in the controls (P<0.05). Significant differences were not observed among the patients in the HIE + NT group (mild to severe) or between the HIE + TH group and the HIE + NT group at any time point (P>0.05). The peak serum bilirubin concentrations recorded at 96 h of age showed a good correlation with the results of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition (BSID-III) (P=0.02). Conclusion: Bilirubin potentially exerts a neuroprotective effect during the first week of life, and low temperature does not affect the possible antioxidant function of bilirubin during TH following HIE.

Cerebrasthenia and social disadaptation of cerebral-dysgemic genesis in the elderly of the Republic of Karelia

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Igor Viktorovich Khyanikyaynen ◽  
Ekaterina Vladimirovna Molchanova ◽  
Mark Mikhaylovich Burkin
Keyword(s):  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
State Examination

Using a bio-psycho-social approach, the correlations between neurological, psycho-pathological and social criteria were studied in elderly persons of the Republic of Karelia with stage I of dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DE) (n = 280; average age 62,4 ± 6,5; gender index 1:1). The control group included healthy persons (n = 32; average age 60,9 ± 8,1; gender index 1:1; p > 0,05). We used Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of Headache, Asthenia Assessment Scale — Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Mini-test of Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the social frustration test of L. I. Wasserman. It was found that patients with stage I of DE, in contrast to healthy individuals, were characterized by: the presence of cephalgia (according to VAS 5,06 ± 3,03 points); a higher level of asthenia (total points for MFI-20: 82,6 ± 1,2 and 36,7 ± 1,8; p < 0,05); anxiety/depression (scores for HADS: (11,3 ± 4,6/8,4 ± 3,8 and 3,7 ± 2,3/2,6 ± 1,9; p < 0,05); cognitive dysfunction (average MMSE score: 25,16 ± 1,39 and 28,69 ± 0,47; p < 0,05); social frustration (final index: 2,5 ± 0,6 and 1,0 ± 0,4 points; p < 0,05). A highly significant positive correlation of asthenic syndrome with the level of disadaptive social frustration (R = 0,931; p < 0,001) was found in such patients.

A comparative analysis of cerebral asymmetry according to data from perfusion computed tomography in infarctions of the cerebral hemispheres and dyscirculatory encephalopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Сеинова ◽  
L. Seinova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Cerebral Hemispheres ◽  
Perfusion Computed Tomography ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
The Brain

Currently a problem of timely diagnostics and treatment of disorders of cerebral circulation is one of the most important for medicine, as strokes and chronic brain ischemia occupy a significant place among the diseases leading to mortality and disability of population. Computed tomography is one of the leading diagnostics of cerebro-vascular disorders. Today, the diagnostic capabilities of perfusion computed tomography, especially in the field of subtle changes in perfusion in infected and in the contralateral hemispheres of the brain are poorly understood and aren’t used in full. The relevance and scientific novelty of this research is not in doubt. Based on the data of 87 patients with ischemic infarction of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain and vascular encephalopathy, a comparative analysis of blood flow in the affected and contralateral hemispheres, was carried out. The degree of asymmetry of blood flow depending on the phase of development of ischemic stroke and chronic brain ischemia was evaluated. The studies have shown that the relative indicator of inter-hemispheric asymmetry is reduced in the course of development of cerebral infarction, reaching minimum values of dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The author substantiates the practical use of the proposed indicator of inter-hemispheric asymmetry in the evaluation of the degree of chronic ischemic disturbances of cerebral blood flow.

Neuroprotection In Chronic Brain Ischemia: Clinical And Immunological Features

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakutkhon Madjidova ◽  
Durdona Usmanova
Keyword(s):  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The influence of neuroprotectorcortexin with significant immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic, and neuroprotective effects on subjective and neurological symptoms, as well as immunological parameters (IL-1β,TNF-a) in chronic brain ischemia is shown in the article.

scholarly journals PERSONALIZED PHARMACOLOGICAL CORRECTION OF IMMUNE SYSTEMS, METABOLIC AND NEUROPSYCHIC PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC BRAIN ISCHEMIA OF STAGE I AND II ON THE BACKGROUND OF HYPERTENSION DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
A. I. Konoplya ◽  
A. A. Shulginova ◽  
N. A. Bystrova ◽  
V. P. Gavrilyuk ◽  
G. N. Ryzhikova
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia ◽  
Pharmacological Correction ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

The study aimed to develop a personalized pharmacological correction of immune, metabolic and neuropsychiatric disorders in chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) stages I and II. The study included 104 patients, of which 76 were female and 28 were male, with CCI on the background of grade II hypertension, of which 52 patients were with stage I and 52 with stage II at the age of 50±5 years. Clinical and laboratory parameters were studied in 22 healthy donors of the same age who formed a control group. Patients with CCI were randomized according to gender, age, treatment method, concomitant pathology, and duration of the disease. Evaluation of clinical and laboratory data was carried out at the beginning of treatment and 2 weeks after its end. The sorption capacity of erythrocytes and the sorption capacity of the glycocalyx (SEG), the activity of lipid peroxidation processes, the state of the antioxidant system were determined in blood plasma and erythrocytes, the level of stable metabolites of nitric oxide (SMNO), neopterin, C-reactive protein, cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-8, IFNγ, IL-18, G-CSF, IL-4, IL-10), immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG, IgA), complement system components (C3, C4, C5, C5A), phagocytic and oxygen-dependent activity of polymorphonuclear blood leukocytes. It has been established that for patients with CCI I with high concentrations of IL-8, IL-10, SMNO and a low SEG index, the intake of Cereton and Actovegin or Ceraxon and Mexicor will be insufficient for effective correction of immunometabolic disorders, which requires additional administration of an immunomodulator. Patients with CCI II, who have a higher plasma level of TNFα, IL-10 and low SEG values, need to prescribe Ceraxon, Mexicor and Glutoxim or Ceraxon, Mexicor and Polyoxidonium in order to obtain the maximum clinical and laboratory positive effect. 

scholarly journals Possible Association Between DHEA and PKCε in Hepatic Encephalopathy Amelioration: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Luca Roncati ◽  
Carlotta Marini ◽  
Gianluca Carnevale ◽  
Manuela Zavatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Protein Kinase C Epsilon ◽  
Neuronal Functions ◽  
And Control

Objective: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by liver failure and by an impaired neurotransmission and neurological function caused by hyperammonemia (HA). HE, in turn, decreases the phosphorylation of protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε), contributing to the impairment of neuronal functions. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) exerts a neuroprotective effect by increasing the GABAergic tone through GABAA receptor stimulation. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of DHEA in an animal model of HE, and the possible modulation of PKCε expression in different brain area.Methods: Fulminant hepatic failure was induced in 18 male, Sprague–Dawley rats by i.p. administration of 3 g/kg D-galactosamine, and after 30 min, a group of animals received a subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg (DHEA) repeated twice a day (3 days). Exploratory behavior and general activity were evaluated 24 h and 48 h after the treatments by the open field test. Then, brain cortex and cerebellum were used for immunoblotting analysis of PKCε level.Results: DHEA administration showed a significant improvement of locomotor activity both 24 and 48 h after D-galactosamine treatment (****p &lt; 0.0001) but did not ameliorate liver parenchymal degeneration. Western blot analysis revealed a reduced immunoreactivity of PKCε (*p &lt; 0.05) following D-galactosamine treatment in rat cortex and cerebellum. After the addition of DHEA, PKCε increased in the cortex in comparison with the D-galactosamine-treated (***p &lt; 0.001) and control group (*p &lt; 0.05), but decreased in the cerebellum (*p &lt; 0.05) with respect to the control group. PKCε decreased after treatment with NH4Cl alone and in combination with DHEA in both cerebellum and cortex (****p &lt; 0.0001). MTS assay demonstrated the synergistic neurotoxic action of NH4Cl and glutamate pretreatment in cerebellum and cortex along with an increased cell survival after DHEA pretreatment, which was significant only in the cerebellum (*p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: An association between the DHEA-mediated increase of PKCε expression and the improvement of comatose symptoms was observed. PKCε activation and expression in the brain could inhibit GABA-ergic tone counteracting HE symptoms. In addition, DHEA seemed to ameliorate the symptoms of HE and to increase the expression of PKCε in cortex and cerebellum.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH DYSCIRCULATORY ENCEPHALOPATHY (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
N. M. Ovodyuk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
European Society ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Dyscirculatory Encephalopathy ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Chronic Brain Ischemia

Goal. To review the literature on the problem of the influence of variability of blood pressure on the cognitive function of patients with dyscirculatory encephalopathy after suffering ischemic stroke on the background of hypertension. Research Methods: Bibliosemantic, Comparative and Systemic Results. In the Recommendations of the European Society of Cardiologists / European Society for Hypertension (European Approach). Society for Cardiology / European Society of Hypertension - ESC / ESH) 2018 for the treatment of hypertension emphasized that the study of cognitive function (CF) should be mandatory in the list of methods of examination of patients to detect the damage of target organs caused by hypertension, in order refinement of stratification of risk of cardiovascular events, namely stroke (Williams B. et al., 2018). Cognitive impairment in patients with cardiovascular disease is known to be one of the earliest and most sensitive indicators of cerebral vascular injury and is a consequence of chronic cerebral ischemia and / or recurrent acute cerebral circulation disorders. It is proved that the variability of blood pressure has a negative effect on cerebral circulation, is a predictor of chronic brain ischemia, which can result in the appearance or deepening of cognitive impairment. In the ASCOT study on the prognostic significance of variability in daily monitoring of blood pressure, intracutaneous variability, and long-term variability, it was found that visit-to-visit variability is a strong predictor of stroke and coronary events, not independent of the level. Conclusions. Analysis of the literature on this problem has shown the negative effect of blood pressure variability on the course of chronic brain ischemia, which exacerbates cognitive and emotional-volitional disorders in patients with hypertensive dyscirculatory encephalopathy. The peculiarities of the effect of blood pressure variability on CF in patients with brain stroke are poorly understood and need further investigation.

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