scholarly journals Preparing for COVID-19: The lessons from SARS 2003 in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David White
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Older People ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Seriously Ill

What is Covid-19? Definition: COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus. It was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Symptoms: The most common symptoms are fever, tiredness, and dry cough. Some people may have aches and pains, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat or diarrhea. Course: Symptoms usually begin gradually. Some people become infected but don’t develop any symptoms. Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without needing special treatment. Around 1 out of every 6 people becomes seriously ill and develops difficulty breathing. At risk: Older people, and those with underlying medical problems. People with fever, cough and difficulty breathing should seek medical attention.

scholarly journals Number of cases of pandemic influenza in Brazil in 2009 and 2010

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Carine Correa Torres ◽  
Lucas Facco ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Maria Helena Mendonça de Araújo ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Health System ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Difficulty Breathing

Pandemic Influenza is an extremely transmissible infectious disease. The main symptoms an individual may develop are: cough, sore throat, runny nose, fever and difficulty breathing. The objective of this work was to show the number of cases of pandemic influenza in Brazil in the years 2009 and 2010. Research carried out in the database of the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System of Brazil – DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). The influenza virus has as characteristic its extreme transmissibility, a factor that contributed to the high number of infected. In 2010, a numerical reduction in cases was noted, probably due to the expansion of population knowledge about the prevention and knowledge of the disease and its organic implications. It was observed that, in 2009 and 2010, there were more cases of pandemic influenza among females (mostly in women of childbearing age, whether pregnant or not), in Brazil, and consequently higher number of deaths. When compared to 2009, in 2010 there were more cases in which the patient evolved positively, reaching the outcome of cure.

scholarly journals The natural history of community-acquired common colds symptoms assessed over 4-years

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Witek ◽  
David L. Ramsey ◽  
Andrew N. Carr ◽  
Donald K. Riker
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
Symptom Frequency ◽  
Bothersome Symptom ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Background: The common cold is the most frequently experienced infection among humans, but limited data exist to characterize the onset, duration, severity and intersection of symptoms in community-acquired colds. A more complete understanding of the symptom frequency and burden in naturally occurring colds is needed. Methodology: We characterized common cold symptoms from 226 cold episodes experienced by 104 male or female subjects. Subjects were enrolled in the work environment in an attempt to start symptom evaluation (frequency and severity) at the earliest sign of their cold. We also assessed the symptom that had the greatest impact on the subject by asking them to identify their single most bothersome symptom. Results: Symptom reporting started within 24 hours of cold onset for most subjects. Sore throat was a harbinger of the illness but was accompanied by multiple symptoms, including nasal congestion, runny nose and headache. Cough was not usually the most frequent symptom, but was present throughout the cold, becoming most bothersome later in the cold. Nasal congestion, pain (eg, sore throat, headache, muscle pains) or feverishness and secretory symptoms (eg, runny nose, sneezing), and even cough, were simultaneously experienced with high incidence over the first 4 days of illness. The single most bothersome symptom was sore throat on day 1, followed by nasal congestion on days 2-5 and cough on days 6 and 7. Conclusion: There is substantial overlap in the appearance of common cold symptoms over the first several days of the common cold. Nasal congestion, secretory and pain symptoms frequently occur together, with cough being somewhat less prominent, but quite bothersome when present. These data establish the typical symptomatology of a common cold and provide a foundation for the rational treatment of cold symptoms typically experienced by cold sufferers.

scholarly journals Possible effects of Ayurvedic herbs on management of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1219-1221
Author(s):  
Ajayratna Anandrao Meshram ◽  
Srihari S ◽  
Shweta Parwe
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Standard Formulation ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Traditional Remedies

Corona virus disease COVID-19 is caused by coronavirus that can spread between animals and humans. The most common symptoms are fever, tiredness, and dry cough. Some individuals also develop aches and pains, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, or diarrhoea. It was reported that traditional remedies may alleviate the symptoms of COVID-19. However, a major drawback is a lack of adequate scientific basis. Tulsi has multi-modal therapeutic effects, we hypothesize that Tulsi may be effective in the prevention and management of COVID-19. Though the existing literature supports the management of symptoms of COVID-19 using Tulsi, a lack of standard formulation limits its use. This is the need of time to start with translational research to provide scientific evidence for the efficacy and to establish the standard formulation of Tulsi in the management of COVID-19. Taking these things in to consideration efforts have been made to treat the patients of COVID-19 with Shaman Therapy Herbal Formulations. On the basis of findings and observations obtained after completion of current project it can be concluded that covid19 are progressive degenerative conditions in which Tridosha at its own Ashaya gets provoked and as it belongs to Madhyam Rogamarga treatment becomes challenging. This attempt possibly finds solutions which can prevent. Ayurveda the features like cough, running of nose & sore throat are caused due to Dushti (vitiation) of Pranavaha Srotas & also having Annavaha Strotas Dushti & Rasavaha Strotas Dushti. Ayurveda is the world’s oldest medical system that can manage any disease without side effects.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE AND PREVENTIVE BEHAVIOR RELATED TO COVID -19 AMONG HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Adusumilli Padmaja ◽  
Teki Surekha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Preventive Behavior ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Route Of Transmission ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
Seriously Ill

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people infected with the virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. However, some will become seriously ill and require medical attention. The best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the disease and how the virus spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by staying at least 1 metre apart from others, wearing a properly tted mask, and washing your hands or using an alcohol-based rub frequently. Get vaccinated when it's your turn and follow local guidance. The disease is highly infectious, and further studies identied that the most important route of transmission to humans occurred via respiratory droplets or direct contact, with an incubation period ranging from 2 to 14 days. Healthcare providers are the primary individuals in contact with patients who are the main source of infections; thus, they are at high risk of becoming infected themselves. Their knowledge and risk perception on covid 19 plays an important role in preventing them from acquiring the disease themselves. In the present study we are trying to assess the knowledge and preventive behavior followed by the medical professionals from NRI medical college, sangivalasa.

scholarly journals PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PELAKSANAAN PPKM DARURAT DI KABUPATEN GARUT

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Hafadh Furqan ◽  
Theresia Febrian Sinaga ◽  
Jioanda Riza Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
The People ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Activity Restrictions ◽  
Optimal Implementation

The Covid-19 pandemic is increasing throughout Indonesia. Due to this, the handling of covid-19 is very important to do to overcome the spread of the covid-19 virus because if there is no handling of this virus it will endanger public health. As we know COVID-19 can cause mild to severe symptoms. There are about 80% of mild symptoms (runny nose, sore throat, cough, and fever) that do not require special treatment but there are also people who suffer from severe symptoms, such as with pneumonia or difficulty breathing, which usually appear gradually. One of the efforts to deal with COVID-19 is to implement the PPKM (Enforcement of Community Activity Restrictions) policy. None other than the goal is to foster public compliance with health protocols, prevent covid-19, and suppress the spread of COVID-19, so that the tourism and creative economy sector (tourism and creative economy) will bounce back and the economic sector will recover soon. Garut Regency is one of the regencies in Indonesia that also applies this PPKM regulation. This is the background of the author to examine the participation of the people of Garut Regency during the implementation of PPKM in an effort to handle COVID-19. This study aims to find out how the role of the people of Garut Regency and what changes occur during the implementation of PPKM in Garut Regency. The research method used is a literature study by elaborating research that is relevant to the concept of empowering local communities. In one related study, it was stated that community participation in the implementation of emergency PPKM in Garut Regency showed significant results. Therefore, through this program-based idea, we are able to achieve optimal implementation of emergency PPKM so as to increase the health status as high as possible.   Keywords: Covid-19, Community Participation, PPKM, Health protocol

scholarly journals Get vaccinated when it is your turn and follow the local guidelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Wayan Suryasa ◽  
María Rodríguez-Gámez ◽  
Tihnov Koldoris
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older People ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Droplets

The nurse has an important role caring for the patient infected with the coronavirus disease (COVID- 19). It is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The virus can spread from the mouth or nose of an infected person in small liquid particles when they cough, sneeze, speak, sing, or breathe. These particles range from larger respiratory droplets to smaller aerosols. It is important to practice respiratory etiquette, for example coughing into a flexed elbow, and to stay home and self-isolate until you recover if you feel unwell. Most people infected with the virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and will recover without requiring special treatment. Older people and people with underlying medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cancer are more likely to develop serious illnesses. The goal of the research is to propose the best way to prevent and slow down transmission is to be well informed about the disease and how the virus spreads. Protect yourself and others from infection by staying at least 1 meter away from others, wearing a well-fitting mask, and washing your hands or using an alcohol-based rub frequently.

scholarly journals Hip Fracture Causes Excess Mortality Due to Cardiovascular and Infectious Disease in Institutionalized Older People: A Prospective Five-Year Study

2009 ◽  
pp. 091019190442039-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D Cameron ◽  
Jian Sheng Chen ◽  
Lyn M March ◽  
Judy M Simpson ◽  
Robert G Cumming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Older People ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Institutionalized Older People

scholarly journals Limosilactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 and DSM 17938 as adjuvants to improve evolution of pharyngitis/tonsillitis in children: randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
A. Maya-Barrios ◽  
K. Lira-Hernandez ◽  
I. Jiménez-Escobar ◽  
L. Hernández ◽  
A. Ortiz-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Probiotic Product ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis are the most common acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children aged ≤5 years. The analysis of published data showed that some probiotics could decrease the frequency and number of days with ARIs. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of Limosilactobacillus reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 and DSM 17938 to reduce the duration and severity of ARI symptoms. This randomised controlled trial included children aged from 6 months to 5 years, with pharyngitis or tonsillitis, who were randomised to receive a probiotic product containing L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 and L. reuteri DSM 17938 or placebo, as drops, ingested orally for 10 days as adjuvants to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The main outcomes were the duration and severity of ARI symptoms. The secondary outcomes were changes in salivary immunoglobulin A and inflammatory biomarkers. There was no fever on day 2 and subsequent days in the L. reuteri group (37.3 ±0.5 °C vs 38.6±0.3 °C, P<0.05). Beginning on day 3, the severity of sore throat (5±0.9 vs 8±1.2, P<0.05) was lower in the L. reuteri group. Significant differences in the days with runny nose, nasal congestion, days of non-programmed visits to the medical office or emergency department, levels in tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and related costs of treatment were observed in the L. reuteri group. The frequency of adverse events was similar between the groups. Therefore, L. reuteri ATCC PTA 5289 combined with L. reuteri DSM 17938 is a safe and effective adjunct to reduce the symptoms of pharyngitis or tonsillitis in children.

scholarly journals Symptomatic manifestations of the disease caused by coronavirus (COVID-19) in adults: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rosa de Sousa Neto ◽  
Ana Raquel Batista de Carvalho ◽  
Erika Morganna Neves de Oliveira ◽  
Rosilane de Lima Brito Magalhães ◽  
Maria Eliete Batista Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Chest Pain ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Cough Headache

ABSTRACT Objective To identify symptoms of COVID-19 in adults in the scientific literature. Method Systematic review of studies published from December 1, 2019 to April 21, 2020 from the Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed databases, in order to answer the following research question: “What are the symptoms caused by COVID-19 in adults?” using the keywords “Symptoms”, “Clinical Manifestations”, “Coronavirus”, “COVID-19”. Results Of the total 105 references, 13 references that addressed the symptoms of COVID-19 were selected. Fever and normal or dry cough were symptoms present in all studies. Conclusion The symptoms identified in adult patients were fever, normal or dry cough, headache, pharyngalgia, dyspnea, diarrhea, myalgia, vomiting, sputum or expectoration, anxiety or chest pain, fatigue, nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain, rhinorrhea, runny nose or nasal congestion, dizziness, chills, systemic pain, mental confusion, hemoptysis, asthma, taste disorder, smell disorder, belching and tachycardia.

scholarly journals The Impact of Organisational Characteristics of Staff and Facility on Infectious Disease Outbreaks in Care Homes: a Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Liljas ◽  
Lenke Morath ◽  
Bo Burström ◽  
Pär Schön ◽  
Janne Agerholm
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older People ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Facility Design ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Facility Size ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nurse Aides

Abstract Background: Infectious disease outbreaks are common in care homes, often with substantial impact on the rates of infection and mortality of the residents, who primarily are older people vulnerable to infections. There is growing evidence that organisational characteristics of staff and facility might play a role in infection outbreaks however such evidence have not previously been systematically reviewed. Therefore, this systematic review aims to examine the impact of facility and staff characteristics on the risk of infectious disease outbreaks in care homes.Methods: Five databases were searched. Studies considered for inclusion were of any design reporting on an outbreak of any infectious disease in one or more care homes providing care for primarily older people with original data on: facility size, facility location (urban/rural), facility design, use of temporary hired staff, staff compartmentalizing, residence of staff, and/or nursing aides hours per resident. Retrieved studies were screened, assessed for quality, and analysed employing a narrative synthesis.Results: Sixteen studies (8 cohort studies, 6 cross-sectional studies, 2 case-control) were included from the search which generated 10,424 unique records. COVID-19 was the most commonly reported cause of outbreak (n=11). The other studies focused on influenza, respiratory and gastrointestinal outbreaks. Most studies reported on the impact of facility size (n=11) followed by facility design (n=4), use of temporary hired staff (n=3), facility location (n=2), staff compartmentalizing (n=2), nurse aides hours (n=2) and residence of staff (n=1). Findings suggest that urban location and larger facility size may be associated with greater risks of an infectious outbreak. Additionally, the risk of a larger outbreak seems lower in larger facilities. Whilst staff compartmentalizing may be associated with lower risk of an outbreak, staff residing in highly infected areas may be associated with greater risk of outbreak. The influence of facility design, use of temporary staff, and nurse aides hours remains unclear.Conclusions: This systematic review suggests that larger facilities have greater risks of infectious outbreaks, yet the risk of a larger outbreak seems lower in larger facilities. Due to lack of robust findings the impact of facility and staff characteristics on infectious outbreaks remain largely unknown.PROSPERO: CRD42020213585

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