scholarly journals Individual dietary diversity is strongly associated with stunting in infants and young children

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunga Astria Paramashanti ◽  
Yhona Paratmanitya ◽  
Marsiswati Marsiswati
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background: The increased nutrient fulfillment is required for optimal growth and development during the first two years of life. Based on WHO, dietary diversity is one of core indicators for assessing diet quality and adequacy.Objective: This study aimed to understand the association between individual dietary diversity and stunting in infants and young children in Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul District, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Method: This study used cross-sectional design. It was conducted from February to March 2016 in Sedayu Subdistrict. Subjects were 189 infants and young children aged 6-23 months selected by probability proportional to size sampling technique. Individual dietary diversity was assessed by minimum dietary diversity with the consumption of 4 or more food groups of the total 7 food goups. Data were analyzed by using statistics descriptive, Chi-Square test, and multiple logistic regression.Results: Poor dietary diversity (OR=16,76; 95%CI: 6,77-41,51) was significantly related with stunting. Other factor associated with stunting was low birth weight (OR=5,12; 95%CI: 2,11-12,43). In addition, appropiate time of introducing complementary food (OR=0,32; 95%CI: 0,13-0,75) was a protective factor against stunting. Household economic status acted as an effect modifier and confounding factor between dietary diversity and stunting.Conclusion: Consumption of diverse diet at least 4 food groups reduced the risk of stunting in infants and young children. Efforts should be made to improve dietary diversity in complementary feeding practice.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity Feeding Practice and Its Associated Factors among Infants and Young Children Aged between 6 and 23 Months in Birbir Town, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tseganesh Habtamu ◽  
Sindu Debebe ◽  
Tegegn Solomon ◽  
Eshetu Zerihun Tariku ◽  
Selamawit Gebeyehu Tiruneh
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Infants And Young Children

A significant proportion of infant and young child mortality can be prevented by the provision of a diverse diet. Globally, an estimated 45% of deaths of children under the age of 5 are because of malnutrition. More than two-thirds of these deaths are associated with inappropriate child-feeding practices. This situation is the worst in Ethiopia. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the status of dietary diversity and identify relevant variables. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 335 randomly selected mothers/caregivers who had infants and young children aged between 6 and 23 months. Data were collected by interview with a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS Version 23. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with dietary diversity practices and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05 . Only 12.6% (95% CI; 9.2, 16.6) of children aged 6 to 23 months had adequate dietary diversity. Having a backyard garden and primary education were associated with adequate dietary diversity practices. In this study, the status of adequate dietary diversity feeding practice is low. Therefore, interventions targeting dietary diversity should encourage households to have backyard gardens, and strengthening counseling of mothers/caregivers attending antenatal care and postnatal care is proposed for achieving adequate dietary diversity practices.

scholarly journals Appropriate Weaning Practice and Associated Factors among Infants and Young Children in Northwest Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liknaw Bewket Zeleke ◽  
Mengistu Welday Gebremichael ◽  
Yohannes Mehretie Adinew ◽  
Kelemeu Abebe Gelaw
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Background. The right nutrition from the start of a pregnancy to the child’s second birthday has a profound impact on the future health, wellbeing, and success of a child. This can be achieved through proper maternal nutrition during pregnancy, exclusive breastfeeding, and appropriate weaning practice. Objective. This study was aimed at assessing appropriate weaning practice and associated factors among infants and young children aged 6–23 months in Feres Bet Town, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 351 children aged 6–23 months. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with appropriate weaning practice. Results. Nearly quarter (23.9%) of mothers have practiced appropriate weaning. Proportion of children who started consumption of weaning food timely and met the recommended dietary diversity was 61.5% and 43.9%, respectively. Child age [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio): 7.04], husband’s occupation [AOR: 6.85], and maternal weaning advice [AOR: 4.38] were positively associated with appropriate weaning practice, while family size [AOR: 0.28] showed negative association. Conclusion. Appropriate weaning practice was found to be low. Health education at community level and one-on-one advice for mothers in health institutions are highly recommended to improve appropriate weaning.

scholarly journals Optimal Household Water Access Fosters the Attainment of Minimum Dietary Diversity among Children Aged 6–23 Months in Malawi

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Zizwani Brian Chilinda ◽  
Mark L. Wahlqvist ◽  
Meei-Shyuan Lee ◽  
Yi-Chen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Along with sanitation and hygiene, water is a well-known driver of child undernutrition. However, a more direct role of household (HH) water access in shaping dietary diversity remains unexplored. We assessed the association between HH water access and achievement of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among young children. We utilized nationally-representative cross-sectional data from the 2015/16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey, which included 4727 mother–child dyads, respectively, (26.8 ± 6.8 years, range 15–49 years) and (13.9 ± 4.9 months, range 6–23 months). HH water access was categorized as (1) basic or no access, (2) intermediate, or (3) optimal. MDD was defined as feeding a child, during the previous day, at least four of the food groups defined by the World Health Organization. Only 27.7% of the children achieved MDD standards; most of the children who achieved MDD were from HHs with optimal water access (58.4%, p < 0.001). However, only 5.9% of the mother–child dyads were from HHs with optimal water access. After adjusting for covariates, children from HHs with optimal water access had higher odds of achieving MDD than those from HHs with basic or no water access (aOR = 1.74, CI = 1.24–2.46). Our results highlight the need to incorporate water-based strategies into national nutritional policies to increase dietary diversity among Malawian infants and young children.

scholarly journals Pattern and Extent of Street Food Consumption in Hohoe, Volta Region, Ghana: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Winnifred Ekua Baidoe ◽  
Mark Kwame Ananga ◽  
Elorm Kwame Nyinaku
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Food

Background. For most people in developing countries, street food is a major source of sustenance, and Ghana is no exception. Street food vending has seen tremendous growth in Ghana as a result of the insurgence of urbanisation. Despite being one of the largest sectors of national economy in terms of employment and sales of food, very little is known about street food consumption patterns in Ghana. The current study explored the patterns and extent of street food consumption in the Hohoe township. Methods. A cross-sectional design which recruited 403 subjects through a multistage sampling technique. A semistructured questionnaire was used to gather information on demographics, types of street foods, extent of street food consumption, safety concerns, and diversity of street foods patronised. Means, standard deviations, and Chi-square tests were used to determine the association between selected variables at <0.05 level of significance. Results. The top 5 foods mostly patronised by respondents are porridge foods-Koko (17.9%), rice and stew (17.4%), banku (12.6%), waakye (11.5%), and kenkey (8.7%) with porridge foods consumed almost on a daily basis. Convenience (37.2%) and affordability (17.1%) greatly influenced the choice of street foods among consumers. Occupation and the level of education are strongly correlated with the concern for safety of street foods {(X2 = 17.3094, P<0.008); (X2 = 17.1731, P<0.002)}. The dietary diversity score of most respondents was in the high tercile (77.7%) (≥6 food groups), whilst the cereals dominate the food group mostly consumed by respondents. Conclusion. The study suggests that patronising street food is very high in Hohoe municipality, irrespective of the gender, occupation, or educational level. As an “informal” sector of food business, street foods often escape formal inspection and control. They can, therefore, both be the source of food safety problems and contribute to the deterioration of environmental hygiene. This is a call on policy makers and regulators to take a critical look at the sector.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among adolescent girls in Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia, 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedir Abdela Gonete ◽  
Amare Tariku ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Temesgen Yihunie Akalu
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Dietary diversity is defined as the number of food groups or items consumed over a reference period, and usually, it is a problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary diversity is one of a major public health problem and can result in physical, emotional, and psychological changes among adolescents. However, studies on dietary diversity among school children were very limited. Hence, this study aimed at determining dietary diversity practices and factors among adolescents in Dembia district. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to April 15, 2017, at Dembia district, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 474 study subjects were selected using the multi-stage sampling technique. A structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Dietary diversity was measured through standard tool adopted from Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) 2016 using the 24-h recall method. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with a diversified diet. Result This study illustrated that 32.3% (95% CI 27.9–36.8) of the adolescents had adequate dietary diversity. Inadequate dietary diversity was significantly associated with being Muslim (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.7), self-employment (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1–0.9), middle (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3–0.8) and high wealth category (AOR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.2–0.6), and underweight (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.3–9.5). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that only one-third of adolescent girls have adequate dietary diversity. Low level of dietary diversification suggested points to the need for strengthening efforts targeting to improve the healthy dietary practice of adolescents by giving due attention to poor households and undernourished adolescents.

scholarly journals Feeding practices of young children aged 12–23 months in different socio-economic settings: a study from an urban area of Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-S7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otte Santika ◽  
Judhiastuty Februhartanty ◽  
Iwan Ariawan
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Fortified Foods ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Child Feeding Practices

AbstractPoor feeding practices among young children lead to malnutrition, and the poor are at a greater risk than the better off groups. Child-feeding practices in various socio-economic strata, especially in urban settings, have not yet been well studied in Indonesia. This study aims to explore the feeding practices of 12–23 months old children from different socio-economic status (SES) groups. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, which included low (n 207), medium-high (n 205), medium-low (n 208) and high SES households (n 194) in forty-three villages within thirty-three sub-districts of Bandung city. Two non-consecutive 24 h recall and eight core indicators of child-feeding practices were assessed through interviews. The results showed that children from the high SES group were more likely to be exclusively breast-fed and to continue breast-feeding up to 1 year of age, met minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet, and also consumed Fe-rich or Fe-fortified foods. In contrast, children from low SES consumed more energy-rich food (grain) but fewer foods from the other food groups. Consumption of major nutrients differed across the SES groups. Inadequate nutrition was higher among children from the lower SES groups. Fortified foods were consumed by a larger proportion of children from the high SES group and contributed considerably to their overall nutrient intake. This study shows that young children’s feeding practices were not adequate, most notably among the low SES households. However, after adjusting with potential confounders, there was not enough evidence to conclude SES as a risk factor for feeding practice.

scholarly journals Determination and Characterization of Women, Infants, and Young Children's Dietary Diversity in Agricultural Mitigation Period of Burkina Faso

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ousmane Ouedraogo ◽  
Ella WR Compaore ◽  
Sabiba KE Amouzou ◽  
Augustin N Zeba ◽  
Mamoudou H Dicko
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Backgroun: The increasing variety of foods and food groups in the diet helps to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients and promotes good health. The main objective was to determine the diet quality of women, infants, and young children in agricultural mitigation period of Burkina Faso. Methods: A 24-h dietary open recall was used to collect all foods taken by women, infants, and young children in Centre-West region of Burkina Faso. The dietary diversity (DD) score was equal to the number of consumed food groups for infants (6-23 months) according to WHO recommendations and for women and young children (24-59 months) according to food and agriculture organization (FAO). Three DD classes were determined for the individual average DD. For each DD class, food consumption profile was determined by food items or groups consumed by at least 50 percent of women, infants, and young children according to FAO guide. Results: The study was conducted among 971 women, 419 infants, and 189 young children. Regarding the dietary diversity score (DDS), 16.3, 39.2, and 44.5 percent of women and 12.7, 49.7, and 37.6 percent of young children had low (< 5), average (= 5), and high (> 5) rates, respectively. Furthermore, DDS was low (< 4), average (= 4) and high (> 4) in 22.9, 12.6, and 64.4 of infants, respectively. The consumption rates of roots/tubers, dairy products, eggs, and fruits were very low regardless of the women, infants, and young children DDS in times of agricultural mitigation. Conclusion: The diet of women and young children was a little more diversified compared to infants.   

scholarly journals The nutritional status of children under five and the associated factors.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Evayline Muthoni Nkirigacha
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey and the objectives were to find out the nutritional status and associated factors of children under-five years in Mwanamukia of Kasarani Sub-County of Nairobi County. Structured questionnaire was used on demographic, socio-economic and child caring practice. Anthropometric measurements were used. 43% severely stunted and 27%  normal. 43% underweight, 26% normal. Severe wasting 20% 50.3% normal. Children age 36-47 months stunted (<-3 Z scores) than younger children, children aged 0-6 months had normal nutritional status. Low dietary diversity were achieved by children under-five (58% (<4 food groups), 23% medium scores (4-8 food groups), 19% high scores (6-8 food groups).  Most consumed cereals (79%), legumes (10%), and meat (0.2%).  (82%) consumed one meal per day, (6.6%) three meals/ day. Risk of stunting 5.343 times higher in children who did not meet minimum dietary diversity.  Risk of stunting was higher (OR=2.421 Ci =1.340-10.346 PV= 0.003).  Education 44.6%, 8% illiterate, 34.6% 0’level education, 0.8% University. Low dietary diversity stunted P.V =0.003. Occupation 28.6%, small businesses, and 21.2% farmers. Monthly income KES 11000-20000, lowest KES 1000-10000 per month, 68% had KES 30000/ month. There was no significance difference between nutritional status and household socio-economic status, age of mothers, educational level and occupation PV=0.003. The study shows there is high prevalence of stunting and under-weight in children. In conclusion there was low dietary diversity and low food consumption frequency. Stunting had statically significant association with low dietary diversity and underweight had a statistically significant relationship with household size.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity and associated factors among children aged 6 to 23 months in Chelia District, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shambel Keno ◽  
Haile Bikila ◽  
Tesfaye Shibiru ◽  
Werku Etafa
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Abstract Background Although minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is one of the core indicators of a high-quality diet for infants and young children, meeting this dietary diversity standard remains a challenge in Ethiopia. Therefore, adequate information on the status and factors affecting minimum dietary diversity is essential to identify potential strategic interventions. This study to study is to assess DD and associated factors among children aged 6 to 23 months in Chelia District, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the seven kebeles of Chelia District from 12th April to April 30th, 2020. Kebele is the smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia. Multistage sampling was used to select 631 participants who had a child aged 6 to 23 months. Data was entered into the Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24. A binary logistic regression was fitted to identify significant factors associated with met MDD at 95% CI and a p-value < 0.05. Results Less than one-quarter (17.32%) of infants and young children aged 6 to 23 months had met MDD. The dominant group of foods consumed was composed of grains, roots, and tubers. Children aged18-23 months (AOR = 3.26, 1.36-7.79), mothers aged 35-44 years (AOR = 3.25, 1.38-7.45), housewives as household heads (AOR = 3.41, 1.56-2.37), children of smaller family size (AOR = 3.89, 1.18-12.78), and caregivers who studied grade 9-12 (AOR = 9.98, 5.66-17.10), who received information about food diversity during ANC (AOR = 1.48, 2.21-11.23) and PNC (AOR = 3.94, 2.04-7.63) visit, who travels less than one hour to reach the market (AOR = 2.94, 1.24-6.91) and who had high family income (AOR = 4.12, 1.90-8.19) were significantly associated with meeting MDD. Conclusion Dietary diversity among children aged 6 to 23 months in Chelia District is low. It is proposed that caregivers on MDD be educated/trained and encouraged to share information during health service in order to increase the diverse diet and achieve a better dietary diversity score for infants and younger children.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity Practice and Associated Factors among Children Aged 6–23 Months in Robe Town, Bale Zone, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shumi Bedada Damtie ◽  
Tomas Benti Tefera ◽  
Mekonnen Tegegne Haile
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Background. Diet diversification is essential to prepare adequate food that is useful for children’s physical and cognitive development. Despite the limited studies performed in different parts of Ethiopia, the information about the feeding practice of children in the current study area is not documented. Thus, this study intended to assess the dietary diversity practices and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 517 children aged 6–23 months paired with their mothers in Robe town. Systematic sampling technique was applied to select a child-mother pair. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with the dependent variable. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to assess the strength of association and level of significance. Results. From a total of 508 children included, making a 98% response rate, 77% of them did not meet the minimum dietary diversity. Children aged 12–23 months were more likely fed diversified food when compared with those aged 6–11 months (AOR = 2.99). Mothers whose educational level was secondary and above (AOR = 3.21), had media exposure (AOR = 3.99), and were knowledgeable about diet diversification (AOR = 8.5) were more likely to feed their child diversified food than their counterpart. Children whose father was a merchant were more likely to receive a diversified diet compared to those whose fathers were daily laborers. Conclusions. Inadequate practices of minimum dietary diversity observed in the current study area were mainly associated with the child’s age, maternal education, mothers’ knowledge on diet diversification, and media exposure. Improving knowledge of mothers, increasing their education, and promoting appropriate infant and child feeding practices through media are an important intervention to improve dietary diversity practices.

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