Isolation, Identification and the Abilities of Fungi Associated with Agarwood from Bangka Belitung Island to Induce Agarwood Compounds

Agarwood is one of the non-timber forest products that have high economic value. Agarwood is widely used to make incense, perfume and other products. Sapwood on agarwood is a group of secondary metabolites of agarwood plants that form a lump and have a certain color and aroma. The fragrant aroma of sapwood on agarwood is formed due to pathogenic infection of the agarwood tree. Until now, most studies of fungi forming sapwood are only oriented to virulent pathogenic fungi in nature and have never been reported to form hypovirulent agarwood. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fungi originating from sapwood on agarwood especially those that are hypovirulent in inducing sesquiterpene compounds. This study included exploration, isolation, identification, and induction of fungi associated with sapwood on agarwood from four districts in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Hypovirulence test in cucumber sprouts and sesquiterpene induction test on agarwood plantlets was conducted in the laboratory. Based on the isolation results, 48 fungal isolates associated with sapwood on agarwood were found: fungi of genus Fusarium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, Peniophora, and six isolates were unidentified. Based on the hypovirulence test on cucumber sprouts, 46 isolates of the fungus 46 isolates were virulent and 2 isolates were hypovirulent (isolates 4A and 17A). The induction of sesquiterpene compounds on the agarwood plant was employed using 5 sample isolates consisting of 4 virulent isolates (2A, 7A, 18A, and 25A) and 1 hypovirulent isolate (Isolate 4A). The results showed that hypovirulent isolates were able to produce sesquiterpenes even in small amounts compared with virulent isolates. Isolates produced many sesquiterpene compounds were isolates 18A (Fusarium sp.). Sesquiterpene compounds formed were pinene, terpineol, patchouli alcohol, trimethyl-naphthalene, beta-caryophyllene, camphor, eugenol, trimethyl- benzene, phenanthrene, citronella, eucalyptol, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone. In this study also found fungi associated with sapwood on agarwood which had never been reported by previous researchers, Peniophora sp. (isolate 25A).

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The total economic value of forest ecosystem services in the tropical forests of Malaysia

International Forestry Review ◽

10.1505/146554820831255551 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 485-503

Author(s):

K.M. Nitanan ◽

A. Shuib ◽

R. Sridar ◽

V. Kunjuraman ◽

S. Zaiton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Forest Ecosystem Services ◽

Use Values ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Total Economic Value

Direct and indirect use of values and non-use values from forest ecosystem services perform an invaluable set of functions that cater to the needs of both living and non-living things. The values include market services obtained from timber and non-timber forest products, and non-market services (recreation, watershed protection and conservation value) were identified as components of the Total Economic Value (TEV). However, it is difficult to assign a monetary value to all goods and services provided by the forest. Failure to conserve the national park will result in the degradation of the forest and a reduction in the contribution of the forest ecosystem services to the community. Based on the result of this study, the TEV value of forest ecosystem services was estimated at RM 13 billion, and the estimation provides policy-relevant information for forest management and conservation purposes in Malaysia.

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Monetary Valuation of Selected Forest Products in Andoni

The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention ◽

10.18535/ijsshi/v6i10.06 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 5688-5693

Author(s):

Irikana, J. J ◽

Akujuru V. A

Keyword(s):

Field Survey ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Product ◽

Forest Protection ◽

Wildlife Species ◽

The People ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

The Government

Forest products are materials gotten from forest, for the direct consumption or commercial use such as timber and non-timber forest products. The destruction of forest in Andoni due to the exploration and consumption of forest products are done without determining the values of these products that could have been lost. This study attempts to determine the value of identified forest products information gathered through the use of questionnaire focus group discussion, field survey and other related materials. The simple percentage analysis shows that forest products have a lot of value to the people; hence community dwellers involved in it. Conclusively, forest product were identified and categorized into wildlife species (wild animal) and plant species which usefulness were been influenced by socio-external factor, economical factor and livelihood security factor. The economic value of forest product in a study area is N532,351,300.00 while the expected value is N865,648,300.00. Therefore, the government at all levels should provide indiscriminate exploitation of premature forest product policy on forest management that are appropriate. These should be made to effectively reflect and enhance forest protection and improvement of livelihood of the people.

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UJI INOKULASI Fusarium sp UNTUK PRODUKSI GAHARU PADA BUDIDAYA A. Beccariana

Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia ◽

10.29122/jsti.v14i3.924 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dudi Iskandar ◽

Ahmad Suhendra

Keyword(s):

Forest Products ◽

East Kalimantan ◽

Intensive Exploitation ◽

Result Show ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Fusarium Sp

Gaharu (Agarwood) is one of the most valuable of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) commodities in Indonesia that has an important role in economic and income for the community surrounding forest. However, the intensive exploitation and uncontrolled harvest capacity has brought those two potential species tends to decrease, and therefore gaharu is listed in the list of the CITES’ Appendix II. One of the solutions to deal with those cases researchers have been developing gaharu plantation as well technique to produce gaharu products through inoculation. Theaim of this study was to find the effectiveness of four different Fusarium sp from different locations in Indonesia (Parung/F1, Banjarmasin/F2, Jambi/F3 and Gorontalo/F4) in order to produce gaharu. These Fusarium were inoculated to 10 year’s old of A. Beccariana at Penajam, East Kalimantan. The result show that inoculant from Gorontalo (F4) gave the best result and the highest potential to the production of gaharu compare to other Fusarium sp.

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Kearifan Lokal Pemanenan Madu Hutan Masyarakat Desa Muara Ripung Kecamatan Dusun Selatan Kabupaten Barito Selatan

Journal of Environment and Management ◽

10.37304/jem.v1i3.2565 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 194-203

Author(s):

Eko Pranandhita ◽

Sidik Rahman Usop ◽

Hendrik Segah

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Human Body ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Area ◽

Field Observations ◽

Depth Interview ◽

Data Collection And Analysis ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Forest honey is widely known as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) with high economic value and contains many beneficial substances for human body. Forest honey in several villages in South Barito district has been managed traditionally. This study aims to describe the processes of forest honey cultivation and the application of local wisdom values in a group of honeybee farmer in Muara Ripung Village, South Barito. A qualitative measurement through in-depth interview and field observations were applied in data collection and analysis. The results show that forest honey management helps to sustain forest area since forest is essential to support the availability of honey nest and bees feed. In addition, farmers also still use traditional harvesting tools and procedures as did by their predecessors.

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HASIL HUTAN BUKAN KAYU MADU SIALANG DI KABUPATEN KAMPAR (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Tengah)

Wahana Forestra Jurnal Kehutanan ◽

10.31849/forestra.v10i2.227 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 16-26

Author(s):

Eni Suhesti ◽

Hadinoto Hadinoto

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Economic Value ◽

Family Relationship ◽

Forest Products ◽

Primary Data ◽

Potential Production ◽

Indigenous Group ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

The Village

Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) is part of a forest ecosystem that has an important role. One of NTFPs which have high economic value and is a source of livelihood of rural communities is often called wild honey or honey sialang. This study aims to: 1) Calculate the potential of the tree and the honey produced sialang 2) Knowing how to manage the honey sialang by society and the problems. Primary data was collected through interviews with respondents using the help of questioners. Data were analyzed descriptively. Potential production of honey from the beehive tree is quite large, each tree can sialang inhabited by about 30 colonies/nest, where the number has further decreased when compared to the time of the woods yet many are converted. In each tree each harvest can be produced approximately 150 kg of honey. Institutional managers honey sialang in the Sub-District of Middle Kampar Kiri is still very minimal. Honey gatherers farmers' organizations have not yet formed, there is only one indigenous group in the village of Penghidupan, whose members are people who are still there family relationship. There are 130 trees sialang and produced 19,500 kg of honey. Honey sialang management is still done traditionally.

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IDENTIFIKASI JENIS ROTAN DI KAWASAN HUTAN ADAT DUSUN ENSIBAU DESA SEMIRAU KECAMATAN JANGKANG KABUPATEN SANGGAU

JURNAL HUTAN LESTARI ◽

10.26418/jhl.v7i2.33699 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nobertus Geat Saputra ◽

M Idham ◽

Ahmad Yani

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Growth Process ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

West Kalimantan ◽

Climbing Plant ◽

Tropical Plant ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

High Level ◽

Made In

Rattan in trade is generally called rattan, which is a typical tropical plant and is classified as familipalmae, including climbing plant species that require a host tree for its growth process. States that when compared with plants from other palma tribes, rattan has a variety of uniqueness, among others, the length of the stem reaches 100 m or more even though the diameter is only as big as the mother or toe, in terms of shape, rattan plants are not attractive because in part big wrapped in sharp thorny midribs. Rattan stems have extraordinary tenacity and flexibility. Because of that tenacity and flexibility, rattan sticks can be made in various forms of household furniture or other ornaments such as chairs, baskets, and so on. Especially for rattan, in West Kalimantan there are types of rattan with high economic value such as: rattan saga, branch rattan, and ring rattan. From the survey data on rattan inventory from 1990 to 2010, the distribution of rattan in West Kalimantan is generally in swamp forests and part of dryland forest. The Adat Ensibau Forest Area also has a high level of biodiversity, one of which is non-timber forest products, namely rattan. An increase in the number of people that occur around the Adat Ensibau Huatan Area is one of the causes of the emergence of pressure on the preservation of existing types of rattan, so that it will raise concerns or decrease the potential of rattan in the future.Keywords : customary forest, Ensibau hamlet, identification, rattan.

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Tangible economic value of non-timber forest products from peat swamp forest in Kampar, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d211260 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Bintang Charles Hamonangan Simangunsong ◽

Elisa Ganda Togu Manurung ◽

Elias Elias ◽

Manuntun Parulian Hutagaol ◽

Jusupta Tarigan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Conversion ◽

Swamp Forest ◽

Peat Swamp Forest ◽

Peat Swamp ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

The Government

Abstract. Simangunsong BCH, Manurung EGT, Elias, Hutagaol MP, Tarigan J, Prabawa SB. 2020. Tangible economic value of non-timber forest products from peat swamp forest in Kampar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5954-5960. Development of alternative economy based on non-timber forest products usage is an important means to prevent forest conversion and preserve the quality of a forest ecosystem. The main objectives of this study were to identify and calculate the economic value from tangible/marketable perspective of the non-timber forest products (NTFPs) provided by peat swamp forest in Kampar, Sumatra, Indonesia. This is one of the largest remaining peat swamp forest ecosystems in the country. Seven villages located around that forest ecosystem with total forest cover area of 201,224 ha were chosen as samples. A conversion return approach was used to estimate the economic value of non-timber forest products. The results showed 18 kinds of non-timber forest products were identified, but only seven were used commercially by community. They are jungle rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), sago (Metroxylon sp.), swiftlet nest (Aerodramus fuciphagus), honey, betel nut (Areca catechu L), Agathis resin (Agathis dammara), and pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) The obtained economic value of NTFPs was very low, which was about Rp 9,367.4 (or US$0.68 ha-1 yr-1). Market development of non-timber forest products is then crucial, and the government should play an important role in promoting it in collaboration with private companies. Non-marketed non-timber forest products and various environmental services should also be taken into account to measure that peat swamp forest ecosystem value. Otherwise, concerns about the sustainability of that forest ecosystem in Indonesia due to undervaluation of forest resources will continue.

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POTENSI DAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN AREN (Arenga pinnata) DENGAN POLA AGROFORESTRI DI DESA PALAKKA KECAMATAN BARRU KABUPATEN BARRU

PERENNIAL ◽

10.24259/perennial.v14i1.5000 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Syarifah Majnah Ruslan ◽

Baharuddin Baharuddin ◽

Ira Taskirawati

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Key Words ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Economic Value ◽

Rural Livelihoods ◽

Forest Products ◽

Survey Method ◽

Brown Sugar ◽

Palm Trees ◽

Non Timber Forest Products

Non-Timber Forest Products (HHBK) are part of the forest ecosystem that has a role to nature as well as to humans. One of the HHBKs that has high economic value and is one of the rural livelihoods of the community is Aren. This study aims to determine the potential and utilization of palm trees (aren) in Palakka Village Barru District Barru . The methods used are survey method and interview. Data analysis includes the potentials of sugar palms and description of the result of interview about the utilization of palm trees in Palakka village, Barru regency. The results showed that Palakka village has 15 palm trees that can already be in production, and 45 palm trees that have not been produced. Respondents utilize palm crop products as brown sugar and palm wine, other uses of palm trees that their fiber (ijuk) can be utilized to make palm-fiber broom; and the leaves are used as a funnel, roof of the house and palm-stick brooms. Key words: Potency, Utilization, Aren, Agroforestry

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Fungal Pathogens Associated with Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) Disease on Cacao in Special Region of Yogyakarta Province

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ◽

10.22146/jpti.41512 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Hendra Hendra ◽

Arif Wibowo ◽

Suryanti Suryanti

Keyword(s):

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Economic Value ◽

Fungal Mycelium ◽

Pathogenicity Test ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Fusarium Sp ◽

High Diversity ◽

Special Region

Cacao is one of the pre-eminent crops plantation with high economic value. Indonesia's cacao beans production is the third largest in the world after Ivory Coast and Ghana. Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD) is one of the important diseases of cacao which caused a decreased yield either in quantity or quality. The disease is caused by the basidiomycete fungus Ceratobasidium theobromae (syn. Oncobasidium theobromae). Spores are carried by wind to spread, infect young leaves and penetrate through natural openings and colonize xylem vessel which could inhibit the transportation system in the plant tissue. There are several fungal pathogens associated with VSD diseases on cacao. This research aimed to study the fungi associate with VSD diseases on cacao in Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. Survey and sampling were conducted in cacao plantations in regencies of Gunungkidul, Kulon Progo, Bantul and Sleman. The severity of VSD disease in the regencies of Gunungkidul and Kulon Progo were high, while in the regencies of Sleman and Bantul were moderate. Eighty eight fungal isolates were isolated from infected petiole and stem. The in vitro pathogenicity test screened 32 fungal isolates causing necrotic and chlorotic symptoms on young healthy cacao leaves with and without wounding. The first symptoms appeared at 8-12 days after inoculation and fungal mycelium could grow at 1−3 days after inoculation. Those isolates collected showed a high diversity of colony morphology. Lasiodiplodia sp., Fusarium sp., Colletotrichum sp., and Pestalotiopsis sp. had been identified based on conidial morphology.

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New Forest Code effects over smallholder’s intention to trade non-timber forest products

Asian Journal of Forestry ◽

10.13057/asianjfor/r040201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Alice Dantas Brites

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Economic Value ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Forest Products ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Forest Code ◽

New Forest ◽

Household Incomes ◽

Economic Use

Abstract. Brites AD. 2020. New Forest Code effects over smallholder’s intention to trade non-timber forest products. Asian J For 21: 41-45. The Brazilian new Forest Code (NFC) allows the sustainable economic use of one of its main mechanisms for native vegetation protection: the Legal Reserves. Smallholders' intention to trade non-timber forest products (NTFP) from such areas was accessed. Data were collected through 350 in-person surveys in two municipalities from Bahia, Brazil. Outcomes showed that more than half of the respondents do not intend to trade NTFP from their Legal Reserve areas and, the lack of knowledge about the process to obtain government permission for the economic use of these areas, was the main reason gave to justify it. Further, higher household incomes showed a negative correlation with the intention. Incentives from public or private policies and dissemination about the steps needed to obtain permission for Legal Reserve’s sustainable use are needed for engaging smallholders in NTFP trade. With these incentives, it would be possible to increase the NFC potential for adding economic value to the protected native vegetation and for linking conservation with the economic development of rural areas inhabitants. Thus, these outcomes add up to previous findings of the benefits of NTFP trade, and in terms of practice and policy, they can help in the development of environmental policies that incentivize the NTFP trade, contributing to increase landholders’ incomes and to the NFC compliance.

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