scholarly journals Building Legitimacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Andrei Dălălău
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
The Real ◽  
Political Groups

After the collapse of the communist regime in Eastern Europe, political parties were faced with the necessity of building political legitimacy. This research aims to find out how political myths were instrumentalized by political leaders during the presidential campaigns in order to gain popular support. In the first part, the article focuses on defining “myth” as a legitimizing political instrument. In the second part four political myths used in the early 1990s in Romania are being analyzed: the myth of the interwar period, the myth of original democracy, the myth of political reform and the providential man. The method used is political discourse and party platform analysis. The results suggest that, during the early 90s, different political groups tried to build their legitimacy using political myths instead of rational politics, which ended up in their failure to address the real issues of a changing society.

scholarly journals The Memory of Communist Poland in the Third Polish Republic. A Tentative Systematisation

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-53
Author(s):  
Jerzy Łazor ◽  
Wojciech Morawski
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Third ◽  
Communist System ◽  
Veteran Status ◽  
The One

The political discourse in Poland in the final years before the fall of communism in 1989, was based on a strong opposition between the authorities and the rest of society. Even then, however, support for the opposition was not unanimous, and it was even less so in previous years. Most Poles considered the communist system forced, exogenous, oppressive, unacceptable, and supported by the Soviet threat. Still, individual reactions were varied: there were different paths to be taken through communism. The authors of the paper discuss how these paths contributed to differing recollections of the period. They focus on the collective memory of political parties and politicians, particularly on the controversial question of collaborating with the communist regime and the rights to veteran status among the former opposition members. It is a story of two types of memory: the one stressing reconciliation and the other pushing the distinction between former regime representatives and democratic opposition members

scholarly journals Reproductive women rights in political discourse of modern Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Natalia Velikaya ◽  
Ekaterina Knyazkova
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Reproductive Rights ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Women Rights ◽  
Conservative Turn ◽  
Demographic Policy

The article examines the specifics of reproductive rights presentation in political discourse of modern Russia and it is based on the well-handled quantitative and qualitative content-analysis and frame-analyses of collections of speeches of political leaders and official programs of political parties which participate in electoral process of 2016. The main frames are sort out where gender problems are marked. Dominating if gender political discourse traditional and conservative rhetoric confirm the fact of embodied conservative turn, which accent on differences between genders in social relationships leading to gender inequality. In political parties programs women mainly consider as the instrument of realization of state demographic policy. Solving of women problems reduces to motherhood and supporting family. It is shown that exclusion of problems of reproductive health and reproductive rights to the periphery of information public space sharpen gender oppositions which can lead to radicalization of women movements.

Research and approaches to the integration processes in the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Alexander Motsyk
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Integration Levels

The article is devoted to the study of modern trends of integration processes. We studied the methodological principles and approaches to the study of the integration of subjects. Specifically analyzed integration levels: individual, regional, domestic, interstate, global. Also, isolated and characterized various forms of integration: political, economic, informational, cultural and others. We analyzed the integration process as a result of the relationship, cooperation, convergence and integration into a single unit of any parts, components countries, their economies, social and political structures, cultural, social and political groups, ethnic groups, political parties, movements and organizations. It is proved that integration has several levels of development. Interaction at the level of enterprises and organizations (first level) – directly to producers of goods and services. The integration of the economies of the main links of different countries is complemented by the interaction at the country level (the second level). The third level of development of integration processes – interaction at the level of parties and organizations, social groups and individuals from different countries – can be defined as a social and political one. Fourth level – is the level of the actual integration group as an economic community, with its characteristics and peculiarities. It was noted that today is used by political science approaches to the study of integration. It is important to the following principles: federalism, functionalism, communicative approach, and others. Keywords: Integration, levels, approaches, studies, European integration, politics, economics, features

Party and Democracy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Organizational Development ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
The State ◽  
Societal Change ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Post War ◽  
Totalitarian Regimes

The book integrates philosophical, historical, and empirical analyses in order to highlight the profound roots of the limited legitimation of parties in contemporary society. Political parties’ long attempts to gain legitimacy are analysed from a philosophical–historical perspective pinpointing crucial passages in their theoretical and empirical acceptance. The book illustrates the process through which parties first emerged and then achieved full legitimacy in the early twentieth century. It shows how, paradoxically, their role became absolute in the totalitarian regimes of the interwar period when the party became hyper-powerful. In the post-war period, parties shifted from a golden age of positive reception and organizational development towards a more difficult relationship with society as it moved into post-industrialism. Parties were unable to master societal change and favoured the state to recover resources they were no longer able to extract from their constituencies. Parties have become richer and more powerful, but they have ‘paid’ for their pervasive presence in society and the state with a declining legitimacy. The party today is caught in a dramatic contradiction. It has become a sort of Leviathan with clay feet: very powerful thanks to the resources it gets from the state and to its control of societal and state spheres due to an extension of clientelistic and patronage practices; but very weak in terms of legitimacy and confidence in the eyes of the mass public. However, it is argued that there is still no alternative to the party, and some hypotheses to enhance party democracy are advanced.

Perceptions of Political Deviants: A Lay Theory of Subjective Group Dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danica Kulibert ◽  
Aaron J Moss ◽  
Jacob Appleby ◽  
Laurie O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Group Norms ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
Lay Theory ◽  
Lay Understanding

People who deviate from group norms pose problems for their ingroup, but not all forms are deviance are equivalent. Four experiments (N=1,063) investigated whether people hold a lay understanding of these subjective group dynamics by assessing people’s beliefs about how others would perceive two types of deviants within U.S. political parties—political moderates and extremes. Participants thought both Democrats (Experiment 1) and Republicans (Experiment 2) would view moderate political candidates more negatively (e.g., less loyal, less principled, less typical, and more likely to defect) than extreme candidates. Moreover, these relatively negative evaluations of moderates extended to rank and file members of the Democratic (Experiment 3) and Republican (Experiment 4) Parties. These findings suggest that people intuitively understand subjective group dynamics and, when applied to politics, this understanding may have important consequences for how people with moderate and extreme beliefs engage in political discourse.

scholarly journals Gypsy Policy and Roma Activism: From the Interwar Period to Current Policies and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Marushiakova ◽  
Vesselin Popov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Thematic Issue ◽  
European Research ◽  
European Research Council ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Individual

The editorial introduces the key ideas of this thematic issue, which originated within the European Research Council project ‘RomaInterbellum. Roma Civic Emancipation between the Two World Wars.’ The period between WWI and WWII in the region of Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe was an era of worldwide significant changes, which marked the birth of the Roma civic emancipation movement and impacted Roma communities’ living strategies and visions about their future, worldwide. The aspiration of this thematic issue is to present the main dimensions of the processes of Roma civic emancipation and to outline the role of the Roma as active participants in the historical processes occurring in the studied region and as the creators of their own history. The editorial offers clarifications on the terminology and methodology employed in the articles included in this issue and their spatial and chronological parameters while also briefly introducing the individual authored studies of this issue.

scholarly journals Emigracja zarobkowa z Polski na Łotwę i do Estonii w latach 1928-1939

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Grzybowski
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Social Demographic

The book explores the problem of economic emigration from Poland to Latvia and Estonia in the interwar period. The author discusses the issue from many aspects, looking at it from the perspective of political, economic, social, demographic and national processes which took place in Central-Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Sobre una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Villanueva Fernández ◽  
Héctor García-Diego
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
The Real ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Resumen: A partir de 1920 Le Corbusier comenzó a elaborar un cuerpo teórico sobre el diseño de objetos que iría difundiendo a través de sus escritos y conferencias. Libros como Vers une architecture, L´art décoratif d´aujourd´hui o Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme han constituído un rico legado de ideas e imágenes interrelacionadas que permiten analizar la propuesta del arquitecto desde el plano de la teoría. Sin embargo, el poder de sus postulados fue continuamente experimentado y corroborado por su obra en materia de mobiliario, hasta el punto de establecerse relaciones directas entre teoría y obra. Esta evolución conjunta proporciona una completa visión del concepto de mobiliario moderno desarrollado por Le Corbusier. Por tanto, esta investigación persigue, por un lado, sacar a la luz un verdadero cuerpo teórico de cuño 'corbuseriano' y específico del equipamiento moderno, haciendo especial mención a los postulados y dibujos originales del arquitecto y, por otro, comprobar la correspondencia real entre sus teorías y sus obras mediante el análisis de una escogida selección de obras del arquitecto pertenecientes al periodo de entreguerras, para, finalmente, ofrecer una caracterización 'corbuseriana' del mobiliario moderno. Abstract: From 1920 Le Corbusier began to develop a theoretical body on the objects design that went spreading through his writings and lectures. Books like Vers une architecture, L'art décoratif d'aujourd'hui or Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme have constituted a rich legacy of interlinked ideas and images to analyze the proposal of the architect from the level of theory. However, the power of its principles was continuously experienced and corroborated by his work in furniture, to the point of establishing direct relations between theory and work. This joint development provides a comprehensive overview of modern furniture concept developed by Le Corbusier. Therefore, this research aims on the one hand, to expose a 'Corbusian' and specific theoretical body of modern equipment, with special reference to the principles and original drawings by the architect; and, secondly, to check the real correspondence between his theories and works by analyzing a choice selection of works by the architect belonging to the interwar period, to finally offer a 'Corbusian' characterization of modern furniture.Palabras clave: Teoría; mobiliario; moderno; escritos. Keywords: Theory; furniture; modern; writings. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.569 

scholarly journals Means of discourse manipulations in political party programs in Spain

2014 ◽  
pp. 270-276
Author(s):  
I. V. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
External Information ◽  
The Political ◽  
People's Party ◽  
Independent Form ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Political Agitation ◽  
Written Form

Thanks to different mass media sources, members of any society are well aware of political developments and events and politicians. Every person has his or her own formed political beliefs and affirmations, interpreters other people's actions during political developments and evaluates events that take place. Political forces, in turn, see a person (a potential elector) as an object of external information influence. This lets them use political communication when competing for the power. In the modern democratic society this competition is carried out via parliamentarian debates, politicians' speeches, examining political parties' programs, political agitation and voting. General audience-oriented political discourse implements its function of political information influence. As the goal of any political party's program (as an independent form of text in the system of political discourse) is to win the elections and come to power, thus the audience influence function is one of the most fundamental and serve as the basis for the text. The text of a program itself is characterized by its persuasive orientation towards the audience, which reveal itself in such methods as convincing, argumentation, manipulation and evaluation. All the political programs pertain to parties which are at the power or which are in opposition. The main characteristic of oppositional programs is the criticism of the power, vice versa, the dominant party's programs confirm the correctness of their policy. All the political programs are multi-authored. The written form of any political program lets put into practice a detailed text analysis. This article presents the analysis of the texts of two leading Spanish political parties (the Spanish socialist worker's party and the people's party of Spain).

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