scholarly journals The Roles of SMEs on the Sustainable Economy Growth after Covid-19 Pandemic in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. p79
Author(s):  
Isaac Babatope Taiwo ◽  
Clement Olatunji Olaoye ◽  
Raphael Adekola Dada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Economy Growth ◽  
Sustainable Economy ◽  
The Government

This study purpose is to conceptual framework for sustainability developed in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs). The study is assessing the roles and contributions made by the SMEs for the sustainability in the economy of Nigeria after the effects of Covid-19 pandemic. Corvid-19 pandemic caused a major trouble on the economic, political, financial, social, religious activities most developed and developing countries. Nigeria economy was affected, and it led to many crises ranging from loss of government revenue, supply of goods and services, accessibility to credit facility by both individual and organization, loss of job, poor standard of living following restriction on human mobility and stay-at-home order by the government. The rate of poverty is at increase as a result of these crises. The overview effects has caused loss of employment opportunity creation, poor standard of living and affected the national GDP contribution to the economy sustainability. Therefore, the study recommends that the conceptual on the SMEs should focus operation of SMEs production and related businesses currently protective to the sustainable economy growth. It also recommends that Government should put in place strong and lasting infrastructure to ease activities of SMEs in Ekiti State.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENERAPAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM E-PURCASHING TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN KORUPSI

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Lati Praja Delmana
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Government Procurement ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Electronic Procurement ◽  
Controlling Variables ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal Supervision

Cases of corruption in Indonesia, especially in the sector of government procurement of goods and services, continue to increase every year. The government has reduce the rate of corruption in the procurement through electronic procurement. But the reality of corruption is still increasing. The authors are interested in building a conceptual framework for good governance and incorporating elements of local culture in electronic procurement to reduce corruption. The principle of good governance in electronic procurement can prevent corruption by applying the principles of participation, transparency, responsiveness, effectiveness, efficiency, equity, strategic objectives, accountability and local cultural values. The purpose of this research is to get a clear and measurable conceptual framework in reducing corruption in government procurement of goods and services. This research method is to use literature review with content analysis. The results of this study are that corruption can be reduced by using electronic procurement if it uses the principles of good governance and there are controlling variables, namely internal supervision, law enforcement and improvement of facilities, infrastructure, leadership commitment and improvement of human resources to carry out electronic procurement according to the rules. 

On Tariffs and Optimal Taxation Policy in Developing Countries

1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 443-452
Author(s):  
Gunnar Flфystad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Optimal Taxation ◽  
Main Type ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Taxation Policy ◽  
Export Taxes ◽  
Export Marketing ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

Taxes on the foreign-trade sector are substantial sources of government revenue in almost all developing countries. Thus in a number of countries - including Pakistan, Indonesia, Burma, Ceylon, Malaysia, Thailand, Nigeria, Ghana and Colombia - such taxes account for more than 40 'percent of the government revenue. The main type of trade tax has been tariffs, but in addition there have been export taxes and profits from export marketing boards, the latter being really forms of export taxes

scholarly journals Tourism Promotion and Regional Development in Low-income Developing Countries

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Tetsu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Luxury Good ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tourism Promotion ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
Tradable Goods

There are not so many papers that the economic effects of tourism are examined in a general equilibrium framework. The features of those papers are that they assume that tourism is regarded as non-tradable goods and services and that tourism is consumed by not only foreign tourists but also domestic residents. However, since our purpose of this paper is to examine the economic effects of tourism promotion on low-income developing countries, we assume that most domestic residents cannot afford to consume tourism, which is considered as a luxury good. Under such assumptions, we examine the effects of two tourism promotion policies on a developing economy. The main result we obtain is that both the policies improve the standard of living for the farmers in a rural region while they worse the standard of living for the workers who are employed in an urban region.

Sukuk as an Alternative Source of Public Debt

2020 ◽  
pp. 788-802
Author(s):  
Rukhsana Kalim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
The Government ◽  
Prime Source

Public debt is a prime source of government revenue to finance budget deficit. Developing countries have been relying on public debt to cater the needs of fiscal expenditure. With the emergence of Islamic banking and finance across the globe, Muslim governments have introduced Sukuk (Islamic Bonds) to generate funds by the governments to meet their expenditure. The present study aims to discuss the possibilities of introducing Sukuk as an alternative way of financing public expenditure in Pakistan by replacing other conventional modes of financing in the future. The study will discuss the viable options available to the Government of Pakistan to offer Sukuk instead of bonds as a means of raising funds from abroad.

Globalisation, Information Technology, and Economic Development

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (4II) ◽  
pp. 1019-1033
Author(s):  
Seema Farhat
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
International Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Globalisation

The decrease in coordination and transaction costs on account of information technology creates more opportunities for firms to make production “footloose”; it allows firms to base different parts of their business in different countries and connect them by real time information networks. The rapid growth in information services is thus facilitating the integrated international production of goods and services. This paper discusses the linkages between information technology and economic globalisation, and examines the reality of developing countries in relation to the perceived benefits of information technology and globalisation to these countries. Moreover the issues involved in furthering the information technology effort in Pakistan are also discussed in the paper. While the usefulness of additional resources to further the establishment of an information technology base in developing countries cannot be denied, the paper argues that substantial headway can also be made with the existing resources given a more considered approach to the problem. Basic to a higher level of information technology involvement and interaction in the economy is that policy-makers at the government and organisational levels develop an understanding of the impact of technology in their objective of improved economic welfare. The paper therefore discusses the set of policies, short-term and long-term, needed to help draw the country into the integrated international production system reflective of the current trends of economic globalisation.

Government Policy Regarding Agricultural Loans and Its Impact upon Farmers’ Standards of Living in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Kausar Yasmeen ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Shakeel Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Credit Facility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Orientation-This empirical research explores the impact of agricultural loans provided by the Government on the standard of living of the small farmers in developing countries where the Pakistan is taken as a case.Purpose – The aim of the researchers in this endeavor is to identify the role of agricultural loans provided to the small farmers in the developing countries and the outcomes of these loans with respect to the standard of livings of the farmers. Design/ Methodology- Researchers have interviewed the 300 small farmers who are all the clients of an agricultural bank (ADBP) and collect the primary data. Data was analyzed in terms of percentages and researchers investigate the impact of credit facility on the purchasing patterns of these small farmers.Findings- Researchers analyzed the consumption patterns of the farmers in 4 sectors i.e. Structure of households before and after availing the credit facility,Change in consumption of electricity and electronic appliances, Change in education of farmer’s child, Transportation and assets and change in food and health. Research results indicate that there is increased trend in all of these 4 sectors after availing the credit facility by the small farmers.Practical implications- Current research may be use by the other developing countries to investigate the role of agricultural loans on the well being of their farmers. It also elaborates the role of agricultural banks in enhancing the standard of living of the farmers.Keywords: Agricultural loans, economic well being, farmers, developing countries

On retroeconomy

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
International Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This paper analyzes the problem of technological backwardness of economy. In many mostly developing countries their economies use obsolete technologies. This can create the illusion that this or that business is prosperous. At the level of international competition, however, it is obvious that these types of firms do not have any chance for success. Retroeconomics as a theory of technological backwardness and its detrimental effect upon a country’s economy is considered in the paper. The role of the government is very important for overcoming the effects of retroeconomy. The phenomenon of retroeconomy is already quite deep-rooted throughout the world and it is essential to consolidate the attention of economists and politicians on this threat.

Land Use Change and Commodity Frontiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Cáceres ◽  
Esteban Tapella ◽  
Diego A. Cabrol ◽  
Lucrecia Estigarribia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Management Recommendations

Argentina is experiencing an expansion of soya and maize cultivation that is pushing the agricultural frontier over areas formerly occupied by native Chaco forest. Subsistance farmers use this dry forest to raise goats and cattle and to obtain a broad range of goods and services. Thus, two very different and non-compatible land uses are in dispute. On the one hand subsistance farmers fostering an extensive and diversified forest use, on the other hand, large-scale producers who need to clear out the forest to sow annual crops in order to appropriate soil fertility. First, the paper looks at how these social actors perceive Chaco forest, what their interests are, and what kind of values they attach to it. Second, we analyze the social-environmental conflicts that arise among actors in order to appropriate forest’s benefits. Special attention is paid to the role played by the government in relation to: (a) how does it respond to the demands of the different sectors; and (b) how it deals with the management recommendations produced by scientists carrying out social and ecological research. To put these ideas at test we focus on a case study located in Western Córdoba (Argentina), where industrial agriculture is expanding at a fast pace, and where social actors’ interests are generating a series of disputes and conflicts. Drawing upon field work, the paper shows how power alliances between economic and political powers, use the institutional framework of the State in their own benefit, disregarding wider environmental and social costs. 

Book Reviews

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Zoltán Ádám ◽  
László Csaba ◽  
András Bakács ◽  
Zoltán Pogátsa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Monetary Union ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
European Studies ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
East European ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

István Csillag - Péter Mihályi: Kettős kötés: A stabilizáció és a reformok 18 hónapja [Double Bandage: The 18 Months of Stabilisation and Reforms] (Budapest: Globális Tudás Alapítvány, 2006, 144 pp.) Reviewed by Zoltán Ádám; Marco Buti - Daniele Franco: Fiscal Policy in Economic and Monetary Union. Theory, Evidence and Institutions (Cheltenham/UK - Northampton/MA/USA: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2005, 320 pp.) Reviewed by László Csaba; Piotr Jaworski - Tomasz Mickiewicz (eds): Polish EU Accession in Comparative Perspective: Macroeconomics, Finance and the Government (School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College of London, 2006, 171 pp.) Reviewed by András Bakács; Is FDI Based R&D Really Growing in Developing Countries? The World Investment Report 2005. Reviewed by Zoltán Pogátsa

Globalisation and Equity Issues in Post-socialist Transition Economies

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
G. W. Kolodko
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Equity Issues ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Rich

Equity issues in policymaking are difficult to resolve because they are linked not only to the economic situation but also to social constraints and political conflicts within a country. This is even more true in the case of post-socialist economies during their transition to a market system in the era of globalisation. The historical and irreversible process of liberalisation and integration of capital, goods and services, and labour markets into one world market, as well as the gradual construction of new institutions and the process of privatisation cause a significant shift in the income pattern of post-socialist emerging markets. Contrary to expectations, inequality increases affecting the standard of living and long-term growth. While globalisation contributes to the long-term acceleration of economic growth and offers a chance for many countries and regions to catch up with more advanced economies, it results in growing inequality both between the countries and within them. On average, the standard of living increases, but so does the gap between the rich and the poor. Therefore, equality issues should always be of concern to policymakers, especially in the early years of the change of regime in post-socialist transition economies.

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