scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT, FRACTIONS, AND ASIATICOSIDE COMPOUND ISOLATED FROM CENTELLA ASIATICA LINN. LEAVES IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC MICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Fitrianda ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Elfahmi Elfahmi ◽  
I Ketut Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Β Cells

  Objective: Centella asiatica Linn. is known and used as traditional antidiabetic drug especially in ayurvedic traditional system in some countries. The main objective of this study was to evaluate antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract, saponin-rich fraction (SRF), nonsaponin fraction (NSF), and asiaticoside compound isolated from C. asiatica Linn. leaves in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.Methods: Diabetes was induced in albino mice by administration of alloxan monohydrate (60 mg/kg i.v). Extract was administrated orally each in doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, the SRF and NSF were in doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg, while the asiaticoside was administrated in doses of 1.4, 2.8 and 5.6 mg/kg for 21 days. Blood fasting glucose level, insulin level, and glycosylated hemoglobin level were measured, and histopathology of pancreas was observed to determine antidiabetic activity of each sample.Results: Decreased blood fasting glucose level, increased insulin, and decreased glycosylated hemoglobin were observed in diabetic mice treated with extract, SRF and asiaticoside. On 21st day, extract at dose 500 mg/kg, SRF at dose 300 mg/kg, and asiaticoside at dose 5.6 mg/kg gave lowest blood glucose level in their each group which were 239±8.0, 254±10.4, and 217±8.1 mg/dl, respectively, compared to control group at 290±14.8 mg/dl. Insulin level of these three groups was 19.4±0.59, 24.8±0.99, and 27.8±0.77 μIU/ml, respectively, the highest value in their each group compared to 7.28±0.34 μIU/ml in control group. Meanwhile glycated hemoglobin level of these groups was 2.040±0.08, 2.010±0.04, and 2.11±0.07 ng/ml, respectively, lowest value in their each group compared to control group at 2.76±0.06 ng/ml. However, histopathology study in these groups did not show any improvements in regeneration of β-cells of pancreas. In the other side, NSF treatment did not affect any the parameters mentioned above.Conclusions: It can be concluded that extract, SRF and asiaticoside isolated from C. asiatica Linn. possess significant antidiabetic activity in diabetic mice. Based on increased levels of insulin and histopathology studies of pancreatic tissue, antidiabetic activity of those samples was believed to occur through the mechanism of increasing secretion of healthy pancreatic β-cells without any ability to regenerate β-cells that were damaged by alloxan.

scholarly journals GENE POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS OF CHEMOKINES, CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS, ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS, AND CD14 IN FEMALE OBESITY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
O. V. Kochetova ◽  
L. Z. Akhmadishina ◽  
G. F. Korytina ◽  
Т. V. Victorova
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Chemokine Receptors ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level

In the present study, we have investigated frequency of genotypes and functional alleles of genes encoding chemokines (CXCL12 rs1801157, CCL2 rs1024611), chemokine receptors (CCR5 del32, CX3CR1 rs3732378), acute phase proteins SAA rs1136743, and CD14 rs2569190 polymorphisms among Tatar obese or overweight women from the Republic of Bashkortostan.The group of patients comprised unrelated women with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 225), females with overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2, n = 184), and control group of women (n = 327) BMI < 25.0 kg/m2. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP analysis. Patients and controls differed in such parameters as body weight (p = 0.00001), BMI level (p = 0.001) and fasting glucose level (p = 0.0001).An association was revealed between obesity andAG-AAgenotypes (p = 0.007) andAallele (p = 0.003) of polymorphic locus rs3732378 ofCXCR1gene, as well asTTgenotype (p = 0.027) andTallele (p = 0.021) of polymorphic locus rs1136743 ofSAAgene. It has been shown that theAAgenotype of polymorphic locus rs3732378 of theCX3CR1gene is associated with increased body weight (p = 0.002) and elevated BMI (p = 0.018); theGGgenotype of polymorphic locus rs1024611 of theCCL2gene is associated with elevated fasting glucose level (p = 0.001).As based on clinical and genetic data and using logistic regression, some statistically significant differences were revealed, which allow to predict development of obesity in Tatar women.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy as a tool for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Opalińska ◽  
Anna Sowa-Staszczak ◽  
Ibraheem Al Maraih ◽  
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska ◽  
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Curative Surgery

Abstract Objectives Severe hypoglycemia in a course of inoperable insulinoma may be life-threating and often it is not well controlled, even by high doses of diazoxide requiring second line treatment. Among available methods PRRT is characterized by relatively low toxicity and is connected with favorable antitumor effect. The aim of the study was an evaluation of the PRRT effectiveness in control of hypoglycemia in patients with primary inoperable insulinoma. Methods Three patients (female with metastatic insulinoma, male with primary inoperable pancreatic tumor, female with MEN1 syndrome and hepatic metastases) were treated with PRRT due to severe hypoglycemia poorly controlled by diazoxide in course of primary inoperable insulinoma. Results Patient 1 baseline fasting glucose concentration increased from 2.4 mmol/L [3.30–5.60] to 5.9 mmol/L after PRRT. In patient 2 fasting glucose level 2.30 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.0 mmol/L, while baseline insulin level initially 31.15 uU/mL [2.6–24.9] decreased to 15.4 uU/mL. In patients 3, baseline fasting glucose level 2.5 mmol/L increased after PRRT to 7.9 mmol/L, and insulin decreased from 57.9 uU/mL to 6.3 uU/mL. In imaging there was partial response (PR) in patient 1 and 2 and stabilization of the tumor size in patient 3. In patient 2 reduction of tumor infiltration let for curative surgery performed 4 months after PPRT. Conclusions PRRT may be effective as a first or second line treatment in management of hypoglycemia for patients with hormonally active inoperable insulinoma.

Anti-diabetic activity of diphenhydramine in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5067-5070
Author(s):  
Pang Jyh Chayng ◽  
Nurul Ain ◽  
Kaswandi Md Ambia ◽  
Rahim Md Noah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I

The purpose of this project is to study the anti-diabetic effect of on a diabetic rat model. A total of Twenty male Sprague rats were used and it randomly distributed into four groups which are Group I: , Group II: negative control, Group III: and Group IV: and . In diabetic model were induced with via injection at the dosage of 65mg/kg. and FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) level of diabetic rats were assessed every three days. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture at day 21 after the induction of treatment. Insulin level of the rats was assessed with the Mercodia Rat Insulin ELISA kit. FBG level of group I (12.16 ±3.96, p&lt;0.05) and group IV (11.34 ±3.67, p&lt;0.05) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the for all rats did not show any significant increase. However, the insulin level was escalated in group IV (0.74+0.25, p&lt;0.05) significantly. The present study shows that the and the combination of and lowered blood glucose level and enhanced insulin secretion.

scholarly journals Long-term Absolute Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Stratified by Fasting Glucose Level

Diabetes Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Bancks ◽  
Hongyan Ning ◽  
Norrina B. Allen ◽  
Alain G. Bertoni ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level

scholarly journals Association of impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with brain volume changes in Alzheimer’s Disease patients analyzed by MRI: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9801
Author(s):  
Weiwei Wang ◽  
Leongtim Wong ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Yishan Luo ◽  
Zhanhua Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Brain Volumes

Objectives Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were reported associated with smaller brain volumes. Nevertheless, the association of hyperglycemia with brain volume changes in AD patients remains unclear. To investigate this issue, structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare brain volumes among AD patients with different fasting glucose levels. Methods Eighty-five AD patients were divided into three groups based on their fasting glucose level as suggested by the American Diabetes Association: normal fasting glucose group (AD_NFG, n = 45), AD_IFG group (n = 15), and AD_T2DM group (n = 25). Sagittal 3D T1-weighted images were obtained to calculate the brain volume. Brain parenchyma and 33 brain structures were automatically segmented. Each regional volume was analyzed among groups. For regions with statistical significance, partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate their relationships with fasting glucose level, corrected for Mini-Mental State Examination score, age, education level, cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood pressure. Results Compared with the AD_IFG and AD_NFG groups, the volume of pons in AD_T2DM group was significantly smaller. Fasting glucose was negatively correlated with pontine volume. Conclusions T2DM may exacerbate pontine atrophy in AD patients, and fasting glucose level is associated with pontine volume.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of tannin fraction of Bridelia ferruginea (Benth) leaf extract on fructose-induced diabetic mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sanvee ◽  
Oudjaniyobi Simalou ◽  
Gneiny Whad Tchani ◽  
Hèzouwè Kagnou ◽  
Batomayena Bakoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Bridelia Ferruginea

Introduction: Bridelia ferruginea is a plant known for its antidiabetic properties. However, few studies on leaf extracts have induced anti-hyperglycemic activity on normal mice subjected to carbohydrate overload. The current study was designed to assess the effect of the leaf extracts’ fraction on fructose-induced diabetic mice. Methods: The in vitro ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were carried out and the condensed tannins quantified. The vanillin-HCl method was used to characterize the condensed tannins. The antidiabetic effect on fructose-induced diabetic mice was evaluated for 28 days using a fructose-enriched fat diet approach. Results: The fraction confirmed the antioxidant activity with a reducing power of 800 μg/mL comparable to ascorbic acid at 200 μg/mL. The condensed tannins were estimated at 79.6 ± 3.4 mg catechin equivalent per gram of sample. Significant decreases in blood sugar levels of 6.25% at the 7th day, 11.04% at the 14th day, 12.61% at the 21th day, and 11.35% at the 28th day were obtained in mice treated with the extract dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight, compared to the positive control group. The decreases of 37.11% of triglycerides and 40.16% of total cholesterol were also obtained. Conclusion: The investigated fraction showed notable antidiabetic activity and might be a good candidate in the treatment of diabetes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic risk related to high fasting glucose level in the Hungarian Roma population

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz Fiatal ◽  
V Tomori ◽  
P Pikó ◽  
Á Moravcsik-Kornyicki ◽  
B Soltész ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
High Fasting Glucose

scholarly journals The Incremental Risk of Pancreatic Cancer According to Fasting Glucose Levels: Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 4594-4599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hoe Koo ◽  
Kyung-Do Han ◽  
Cheol-Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Fasting Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Abstract Context It has been unclear whether the risk of pancreatic cancer is different according to glucose levels. Objective To determine the association between fasting glucose levels and pancreatic cancer risk using prospectively collected nationwide population-based cohort data in Korea. Design The National Health Insurance Service database of claims and preventive health check-up data recorded was used between 2009 and 2015. Setting and Participants A total of 25.4 million patients who had participated in a preventive health check-up between 2009 and 2013 were evaluated for pancreatic cancer incidence rates according to fasting glucose level. Main Outcomes Measures The cumulative incidence rate for pancreatic cancer was calculated after grouping according to fasting glucose levels as follows: (i) low normal (<90 mg/dL), (ii) high normal (90 to 99 mg/dL), (iii) prediabetes level 1 (100 to 109 mg/dL), (iv) prediabetes level 2 (110 to 125 mg/dL), (v) diabetes (≥126 mg/dL), and (vi) diabetes on anti-diabetic medications. Results The 5-year cumulative incidence rates (per 100,000) were as follows: (i) low normal = 32; (ii) high normal = 41; (iii) prediabetes level 1 = 50; (iv) prediabetes level 2 = 64; (v) diabetes = 75; and (vi) on anti-diabetic medications = 121. The risk of pancreatic cancer increased continuously with elevating fasting glucose levels (P < 0.0001). The incidence of pancreatic cancer increased significantly with increasing fasting blood glucose levels even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, drinking, exercise, body mass index, and diabetes duration (P < 0.0001). Conclusions The cumulative incidence rate of pancreatic cancer significantly increased as the fasting glucose level elevated, even in populations with a normal glucose level range.

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