scholarly journals A REVIEW ON SCREENING METHODS OF BREAST CANCER, CANCER BIOMARKERS AND PHYTOCONSTITUENTS AGAINST BREAST CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Jayashree Venugopal ◽  
Priyanka S ◽  
Reshma A
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Screening Ultrasound

  A cancer biomarker refers to a substance or process that is used as an indicative the presence of cancer in the body. A biomarker may be a molecule secreted by a tumor or a specific response of the body to the presence of cancer. Biomarkers are utilized in three elementary ways as a diagnostic tool, prognostic tool, and predictive tool. The screening tests employed are clinical and breast exams, mammography, hereditary screening, ultrasound, and attractive reverberation imaging. Biomarkers involved in breast cancer are human epidermal growth factor-2, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Cyclin D1, and Cyclin E. Specific bioactive phytoconstituents used as anticancer include curcumin, genistein, resveratrol, isothiocyanates, silymarin, diallyl sulfisoxazole, lycopene, apigenin, and gingerol. Hence, this review indicates the study of screening methods, various biomarkers in breast cancer and phytoconstituents against breast cancer.

scholarly journals Learning Techniques for Pre-Malignancy Detection in Human Cells a Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-561
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Cancer Incidence Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Premalignant Disease

Cancer is uncontrolled cell growth which starts consuming cell nourishment and keeps on multiplying indefinably. There are 100 plus different types of cancers that may affect any part of the body. In the past 26 years, the cancer incidence rate has been changed drastically in India. To control it early-stage detection of cancer plays a very important role. Early-stage detection of cancer helps in better diagnosis will also lower the chances of dying due to this deadly disease. It will impact considerably on the patient’s recovery when it is more treatable. Early Cancer detection or premalignant disease detection in the human body is possible through screening tests. Several screening methods have been tested, applied and proven to be very much efficient in reducing death rate due to cancer. This paper survey’s how learning techniques can be efficiently applied, tested and showed promising results in early-stage cancer detection through several screening methods.

scholarly journals Preventive examinations participation and satisfaction of women in peri- and postmenopausal age

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Witold Kołłątaj ◽  
Magda Sowa ◽  
Piotr Książek ◽  
Anna Jurek ◽  
Piotr Dreher
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Mobile Mammography ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Preventive Examination ◽  
Made In

Abstract Introduction. Breast cancer is the second major cause of death in the world, after lung cancer. The purpose of screening tests is to diagnose cancer at non-clinical symptoms stage, when the prognosis is good and treatment less costly. Among different currently available screening methods, mammography plays a key role in early breast cancer detection. Aim. The purpose of this work was to evaluate women’s in pre- and postmenopausal age in Lublin basic knowledge about preventive examination, their participation level and satisfaction with mammography. Material and methods. The study included 258 women, participants of mammography examination at the Witold Chodzko Institute of Rural Health in Lublin and in Specialist Clinic of the Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski Province Specialist Hospital in Lublin, at the turn of years 2011/2012. The research method was a diagnostic survey and research tool – the Original Questionnaire. Results. An opinion that prophylaxis should come as a result of aware lifestyle is not common (22.1% of participants is committed to expand their knowledge about health threats). Almost 20% of women has never participated in any prevention examination. Approximately 39% of respondents admitted that they have received an invitation for free examination in mammography mobile unit (MMU). Almost 52% respondents (out of those who correctly identified the term MMU) said that they are interested in visiting MMUs in the future. Conclusions. The number of participants taking part in preventive examinations and in screening tests is unsatisfactory. Numerous subjective factors cause this situation. Many women still does not trust mammography tests made in mobile mammography facilities.

A Label-free Multiplex Electrochemical Biosensor for Detection of Three Breast Cancer Biomarker Proteins Employing Dye/Metal Ions-loaded and Antibodies-Conjugated Polyethyleneimine-Gold Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulrisa Kuntamung ◽  
Jaroon Jakmunee ◽  
Kontad Ounnunkad
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensor ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Breast Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Epidermal Growth

A new electrochemical immunosensor is developed for the label-free simultaneous detection of mucin1 (MUC1), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) early breast cancer biomarkers....

scholarly journals The Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Screening Tests for Breast Cancer Suggested by the New Updated Recommendation of the American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Will Involve a Rise of the In-Situ Hybridization Tests for the European Laboratories of Pathology

ISRN Oncology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Garbar ◽  
Aude-Marie Savoye ◽  
Corinne Mascaux ◽  
Eva Brabencova ◽  
Hervé Curé
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Her2 Positive ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
American Society

Aims. The differences between the 2007 and the 2013 ASCO/CAP HER2 guidelines have been compared. We also discussed the potential consequences in our pathological practice. Material and Methodology. 189 HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) tests were performed from 1016 preliminary HER2 immunohistochemical tests (IHC). All cases were reviewed and reclassed following the 2007 and 2013 ASCO/CAP recommendations. Results. The 2013 version decreased false-negative IHC (3/118 versus 1/54, P=ns) and created more 2+ IHC (40/186 versus 89/186, P=0.001) or more 3+ IHC (9/186 versus 39/186, P=0.001). One false-positive IHC was described for the 2013 version (0/9 versus 1/39, P=ns). Equivocal FISH was reduced (8/186 versus 2/186, P=ns). An estimation based on our data for 1000 patients showed a rise of our FISH tests for the control of 2+ IHC (180 tests for the 2007 version versus 274 tests for the 2013 version or FISH work overflow is +52%) and for the control of 2+/3+ IHC (300 for the 2007 version versus 475 for the 2013 version or FISH work overflow is +58%). Conclusions. The new 2013 ASCO/CAP guidelines have detected more HER2 positive cases but have increased the number of FISH tests.

scholarly journals Screening for non-communicable diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1092
Author(s):  
D. M. Christe ◽  
S. Vijaya ◽  
K. Tharangini
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Positive Results

Background: This study was conducted to enumerate the results of screening for non-communicable diseases in the NCD clinic over a period of one year in a tertiary health centre.Methods: The results from screening tests conducted in the NCD clinic, for detecting hypertension, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and cervical cancer, in Government tertiary care Hospital for Women, Chennai, were recorded. The flowchart and screening methods followed were those recommended by the NHM - NPCDCS. Data thus obtained was analyzed using standard statistical methods.Results: Of 42,519 women screened for common non communicable diseases - hypertension, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and cervical cancer, nearly 5.55% women (n = 2359) had positive results, for any one of the diseases screened. Of 11,708 women screened for diabetes mellitus and 13,971 screened for hypertension, positive results were found in 856 women and 1,216 women respectively. Around 7,568 women were screened for cervical cancer and 175 women tested positive. A large number of 9,272 women were screened for breast cancer and 112 women had positive results. As per the guidelines, women who tested positive for screening tests were referred to the concerned departments in RGGGH.Conclusions: Nearly 42,519 women were screened for common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) - hypertension, diabetes mellitus, breast cancer and cervical cancer, and 5.55% women had positive test results for any one of the diseases screened. The screening revealed, 8.7% of women had raised blood pressure, 7.31% had raised blood sugar levels, 1.21% women had positive screening test results for breast cancer, and 2.31% women for cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Weekly Trastuzumab Therapy Cannot Prevent Severe Trastuzumab-induced Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Zhu ◽  
Jieya Zou ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Xuemei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Human Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Trastuzumab Therapy ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Abstract Background: Trastuzumab can significantly prolong the survival of patients with positive human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 breast cancer. Until now, trastuzumab has been used by millions of people, and trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia is rare. There is no report of acute grade 4 thrombocytopenia after weekly trastuzumab therapy. We report a breast cancer patient with severe thrombocytopenia due to trastuzumab (8mg/Kg) who experienced a recurrence of severe thrombocytopenia after attempting weekly trastuzumab therapy (4mg/Kg). Case presentation：A 52-year-old woman with positive human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 breast cancer developed acicular rash with dense skin all over the body and gingival bleeding within 24 hours of trastuzumab infusion (8mg/Kg) and was confirmed to have severe thrombocytopenia, which was quickly recovered after high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy. When the platelet count recovered, we tried weekly trastuzumab therapy (4mg/kg), Unfortunately, thrombocytopenia recurred within 24 hours. No third trastuzumab treatment was attempted. Conclusion: We are the first report to try weekly trastuzumab therapy after thrombocytopenia induced by first trastuzumab. The patient showed that reducing the dose of trastuzumab was ineffective in preventing trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Attributes, Performance, and Gaps in Current & Emerging Breast Cancer Screening Technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Hina M. Ismail ◽  
Christopher G. Pretty ◽  
Matthew K. Signal ◽  
Marcus Haggers ◽  
J. Geoffrey Chase
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Wide Range

Background:Early detection of breast cancer, combined with effective treatment, can reduce mortality. Millions of women are diagnosed with breast cancer and many die every year globally. Numerous early detection screening tests have been employed. A wide range of current breast cancer screening methods are reviewed based on a series of searchers focused on clinical testing and performance. </P><P> Discussion: The key factors evaluated centre around the trade-offs between accuracy (sensitivity and specificity), operator dependence of results, invasiveness, comfort, time required, and cost. All of these factors affect the quality of the screen, access/eligibility, and/or compliance to screening programs by eligible women. This survey article provides an overview of the working principles, benefits, limitations, performance, and cost of current breast cancer detection techniques. It is based on an extensive literature review focusing on published works reporting the main performance, cost, and comfort/compliance metrics considered.Conclusion:Due to limitations and drawbacks of existing breast cancer screening methods there is a need for better screening methods. Emerging, non-invasive methods offer promise to mitigate the issues particularly around comfort/pain and radiation dose, which would improve compliance and enable all ages to be screened regularly. However, these methods must still undergo significant validation testing to prove they can provide realistic screening alternatives to the current accepted standards.

scholarly journals Oncoprevention in Gynecology

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (178) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Dilation And Curettage

Gynaecological cancers are one of the preventive cancers. There are some preventive factors like change in life style, food habits and some screening tests. Cancer can be prevented and premalignant conditions can be detected before invasion. Cervical cancer can be detected early by VIA, VILI, Pap smear, colposcopy and HPV testing. Identifying high risk population, transvaginal ultrasound to determine endometrial thickness and endometrial sampling by endocervical curettage, dilation and curettage, fractional curettage and hysteroscopy guided endometrial biopsy are the various modalities for earlier detection of endometrial cancers. For ovarian cancer, prevention or early diagnosis is done by identifying high risk factors, creating awareness in women, routine pelvic examination, ultrasonogram, checking tumour marker and prophylactic oophorectomy in indicated cases. The main screening methods for early detection of breast cancer are clinical breast examination and mammography. Oral contraceptive and HRT are associated with small increase in breast cancer risk. Vulval and vaginal carcinomas are not so common. All molar pregnancies should be followed after evacuation to look for malignant transformation. Hereditary/familial gynaecological cancer like ovarian and breast cancer are manifestation of genetic disorder. Mass screening for gene mutation is very expensive so it is not recommended.

Rapid Screening Methods for Bleeding Disorders. A Three Year Survey

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 506-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A Lovric ◽  
J Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Kaolin Clotting Time ◽  
In Infants And Children

SummaryAn adaptation of “kaolin clotting time” and prothrombin time for use on haemolysed capillary blood provided simple and sensitive screening tests suitable for use in infants and children. A survey of three year’s experience shows that these are reliable routine laboratory tests for detection of latent coagulation disorders.

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