AWARENESS OF DIABETES MELLITUS AMONG GENERAL PUBLIC IN SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: Despite the improved healthcare and frequent community-ridden educational awareness campaigns, the prevalence of diabetes is enormously increasing and 50% of the Malaysian adults with diabetes are still unaware of their disease status. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the awareness of diabetes mellitus (DM) among the general public of Shah Alam, Malaysia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in five urban areas of Shah Alam. A total of 350 participants were conveniently recruited using a pre-validated questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised two main parts, including the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents and a 24-item Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Science® using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The overall mean (±standard deviation) score of DM knowledge of participants was 11.11±6.09. Among 350 respondents, more than half claimed that medication is more important than lifestyle modification in DM management. 81.7% did not know about the frequent urination and thirst are signs of DM. 82.3% had a misconception that diabetes is caused by failure of the kidneys to keep sugar out of the urine. The knowledge score was statistically significant difference across the categories of level of education, monthly income, occupations, and family history of diabetes.Conclusion: Majority of enrolled respondents possessed moderate level of awareness and misconceptions regarding diabetes and its management. Hence, there is a need for collective efforts toward improving the level of awareness through community awareness campaigns, to improve the self-management of DM.

Download Full-text

Factors associated with medication adherence among people with diabetes mellitus in poor urban areas of Cambodia: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0225000 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. e0225000 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Akiyo Nonogaki ◽

Hen Heang ◽

Siyan Yi ◽

Maurits van Pelt ◽

Hiroko Yamashina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

Download Full-text

Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study on 943 Cases in Sardinian People

Joints ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1605555 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 05 (03) ◽

pp. 143-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlo Doria ◽

Giulia Mosele ◽

Francesca Badessi ◽

Leonardo Puddu ◽

Gianfilippo Caggiari

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Adhesive Capsulitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of adhesive capsulitis (AC) of the shoulder in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Sardinia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 943 patients with T1DM attending the division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University Hospital in Sassari, Italy. The criteria for diagnosing AC were: pain for at least 1 month, inability to lie on the affected shoulder, and restricted active and passive shoulder joint movements in at least three planes. Age, gender, duration of DM, blood pressure, and presence of neuropathy and retinopathy were noted. Metabolic control of DM was evaluated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA1c) blood concentrations. Results AC was diagnosed in 331 patients (prevalence: 35.1%). Age, duration of DM, high blood pressure levels, and the presence of neuropathy and retinopathy were significantly associated with AC. No significant association was observed between gender and AC. There was no significant difference in mean levels of GHbA1c in T1DM patients with or without AC. Conclusion This study shows that AC of the shoulder is a common disorder in patients with T1DM in Sardinia. It is significantly associated with age, duration of DM, and related complications. Level of Evidence Level IV, observational cross-sectional study.

Download Full-text

Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20174089 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 240 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahid Latif ◽

Junaid Jamshed ◽

Muhammad Mushtaq Khan

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smoking Prevention ◽

Control Measures ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Smoking is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Smoking killed more than 6 million people, about 80% in the developing countries such as Pakistan in 2011. Now it has become major public health issue in the world.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 students at University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan from July to December 2015. The data were collected using a pre-tested, self-administered, validated questionnaire requiring information about socio-demographic characteristics, practice and patterns of cigarette smoking, knowledge about its harmful effects and attitude towards smoking control and prevention measures. Results: The prevalence of cigarette smoking among students was 49.5%. The mean age for starting cigarette smoking was 19.2±2.73 years. Cigarette smoking constituted 61.3% and shisha constituted 18.4%. The main reason for cigarette smoking was peer pressure (35.0%) followed by family influencing (24.5%). About 79.5% of the smokers had intension to quit smoking. There was no significant difference (p value=0.484) between prevalence of cigarette smoking in different faculties of University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The majority of the students (84.3%) knew that smoking is harmful for their health. However, rates of non-smoking students who knew the adverse effects of smoking were significantly higher than that of students who smoke. A high rate of students showed positive attitude towards smoking prevention and control measures.Conclusions: High prevalence of cigarette smoking was reported among students. There is a need to implement an anti-smoking program among students at University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir.

Download Full-text

Public knowledge and adherence to hand hygienic guidelines for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission: A cross-sectional survey from Pakistan.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness ◽

10.1017/dmp.2021.92 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Muhammad Osama Yaseen ◽

Arifa Saif ◽

Tahir Mehmood Khan ◽

Misha Yaseen

Keyword(s):

Hand Hygiene ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Electronic Media ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Public Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: Good hand hygienic practices are considered an important factor to curb the transmission and emergence of SARS-CoV -2. Various studies, conducted previously during the outbreaks of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, have ascertained the effectiveness of adopting good hand hygienic practices to curb the emergence of these viruses. This study aims to explore public hand hygienic practices during the peak pandemic period. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in general population of Pakistan to investigate the knowledge and perception about hand hygiene, self-reported hand hygiene practices, adherence to hand hygienic guidelines, and barriers to optimal hand hygiene. Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test and Regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was a significant difference in area-based knowledge (p=0.026), beliefs (p=0.027), and practices (p=0.002) regarding hand hygiene. The results of regression analysis revealed that people in urban areas were more likely to have better knowledge (β=0.108, CI=0.076-0.05, p=0.008) and better adherence (β=0.115, CI=0.514-2.68, p=0.004) to hand hygienic practices. Conclusion: Advertisements on television and other electronic media with appealing slogans could be effective in making people more compliant to optimal hand hygienic practices.

Download Full-text

Knowledge and intake of folic acid among teachers of childbearing age in the State of Qatar: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. e025005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Al Mannai Lolowa ◽

Nagah Selim ◽

Mohammad Alkuwari ◽

Mansoura Salem Ismail

Keyword(s):

Folic Acid ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Arabic Language ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Awareness Campaigns ◽

Validated Questionnaire

ObjectivesTo assess the knowledge and intake of folic acid among teachers of childbearing age and to identify barriers to folic acid intake.SettingGovernmental schools, which included 14 primary models, 29 primary, 14 preparatory and 16 secondary schools. The proportion of teachers in each stratum was then determined, and a stratified random sampling design had been used with proportional allocation.Study designCross-sectional studyParticipantsA total of 406 non-pregnant teachers of childbearing age enrolled in the study. A validated questionnaire in the Arabic language was used.ResultsThe overall response rate was 98%. About 34.6% reported the optimal period in which they should take folic acid, 28.3% reported the correct intake duration and only 29.5% could name food rich in folic acid. Friends and healthcare providers were the main sources of information for the participants; however, 44% said that they did not receive enough information from their healthcare providers.ConclusionThere is a lack of knowledge and poor intake of folic acid among the participants. In particular, they lacked information about the appropriate time to start folic acid supplementations, the duration of intake and the folic acid-rich food. The most common reason being the limited advice given by their healthcare providers.Awareness campaigns are recommended to emphasise the role of healthcare providers in counselling women about the proper use of folic acid before pregnancy.

Download Full-text

Medication Adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross Sectional Study in Rural Karnataka (India)

ATHENS JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL SCIENCES ◽

10.30958/ajhms.8-2-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 107-118

Author(s):

Hemant Kumar ◽

Rufaidha Amara Abdulla ◽

Heena Lalwani

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Research Centre ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire

India currently represents 17% of the world’s diabetes burden, with an estimated 77 million cases in 2019, a figure expected to almost double to 134 million by 2025. Currently, one in every four persons under 25 has adult-onset diabetes, a condition more usually seen in 40–50 year old people. A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted among diabetes type 2 patients in a rural field practice area of the A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka. Medication adherence and factors associated with non-adherence to medication were determined using self-structured validated questionnaire. A total of 206 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited. In the present study 49% of the patients were found to be having poor medication adherence, while 50.9% were found to be with good adherence. However, none of the patients showed perfect adherence. A significant association was observed between medication adherence and age of patients, their gender, information about the disease, family support, personal motivation, literacy status and cost of treatment. Keywords: medication adherence, type 2 diabetes mellitus, self-care practices, prevalence

Download Full-text

Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practice of Leptospirosis Among Healthy Malaysian and Non-Malaysian Wet Market Workers in Selected Urban Areas in Selangor, Malaysia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17041346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 1346

Author(s):

Suhailah Samsudin ◽

Sakinah N.S. Saudi ◽

Norbaya S. Masri ◽

Nur Raihana Ithnin ◽

Jamaluddin T.Z.M.T ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Formal Education ◽

Domestic Animal ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

State Agency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Preventive Practice ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Wet Market

Leptospirosis has been reported as an endemic in most tropical countries. Among high risk occupations, leptospirosis includes workers in agriculture and domestic animal industries. Environmental hygiene in the wet market has established a link between the presence of rodents with probability of leptospirosis infection. This study was aimed to compare the level of knowledge, attitude and preventive practice against leptospirosis between healthy Malaysian and non-Malaysian wet market workers in selected wet markets in urban areas of Selangor. A cross-sectional study in the determined area was conducted with the participation of 147 respondents. The respondents were randomly chosen from the list provided by the state agency that regulates these markets. A self-administered bilingual validated questionnaire (English and Bahasa Melayu) was distributed to the selected respondents. There were 68 (48.3%) Malaysian respondents and 79 (53.7%) non-Malaysian respondents. The majority of them were males, who attained formal education and were less than 40 years old. Meanwhile, the respondents earned less than RM3000. Among the Malaysian respondents, 80.9% were aware of leptospirosis as compared to 17.7% of the non-Malaysian colleagues (p < 0.05). All items of knowledge showed that the Malaysian respondents scored higher as compared to non-Malaysian respondents. On attitude towards infection prevention, most Malaysian respondents had a positive attitude, while most non-Malaysian respondents had undecided perception on the majority of crucial attitude items. In practicing preventive measures, there was a marked significant difference in proportion between Malaysian and non-Malaysian respondents for items on “Specific Protection and Isolation at Source.” There was a significant gap on knowledge, attitude and preventive practice among Malaysian workers as compared to non-Malaysian workers. Therefore, it was highly recommended the health promotion implementation should also provide specific focus on non-Malaysian workers.

Download Full-text