scholarly journals PHARMACOGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION OF GALANTHUS WORONOWII LOSINSK. AND GALANTHUS NIVALIS L. HERBAL PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES (MICROSCOPIC AND MACROSCOPIC ANALYSIS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Outer Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Pharmaceutical Substances ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Cellular Inclusions ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Galanthus Nivalis

Objective: Today drug produced from snowdrop species (Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. and Galanthus nivalis L.) used in Russian traditional medicine for nervous and cardiovascular systems disorders treatment.Pharmacognostic study of fresh snowdrop plants including macroscopic and microscopic (morpho-anatomical diagnostic features) evaluation for identification of herbal pharmaceutical substances (HPS).Methods: Macro- and micro-scopic evaluation was carried out according to general pharmacopeial monographs of State Pharmacopoeia of Russian Federation XIII ed., Photographs were obtained by the microscope “Altami 139T” (10× eyepiece and lenses: 4×, 10×, 40×, 100×) with a digital camera eyepiece UCMOS05100KPA; images were processed using Altami Studio program.Results: In a pharmacognostic study of G. nivalis and G. woronowii HPS linear dimensions were determined. Several microscopic diagnostics and anatomical signs of snowdrops were investigated: Adaxial and abaxial leaf epidermis; epidermis of corolla, peduncle; internal and external outer scale epidermis, internal and external storage scale epidermis, and sizes of cells and cellular inclusions (starch grains and calcium oxalate raphides). G. woronowii and G. nivalis HPS possess differences both in the micro and macro levels in the linear dimensions. In general, dimensions of G. nivalis organs are much smaller than G. woronowii ones, this aspect is also expressed in the cell structures linear dimensions. The complex of macro- and micro- diagnostic signs allows to identify the snowdrop species.Conclusion: The results of the investigation can be used in routine quality control and for inclusion of pharmacopeial monographs for snowdrop HPSs.

scholarly journals Macroscopic and Microscopic Evaluation of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. and Galanthus nivalis L. Homeopathic Crude Herbal Drugs

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bokov D O. ◽  
Samylina I. A. ◽  
Nikolov S. D.
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
Outer Scale ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Cellular Inclusions ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Galanthus Nivalis ◽  
Micro Level

Galanthus woronowii Losinsk. and Galanthus nivalis L. are two snowdrop species that are used in traditional medicine and homeopathy for nervous system disorders treatment. During pharmacognostic research linear dimensions of G. woronowii and G. nivalis homeopathic crude herbal drugs (HomCHD) were determined. The following microscopic anatomical and diagnostic features of snowdrop species were investigated: the structure of the adaxial and abaxial leaf epidermis, peduncle epidermis, the corolla epidermis, external and internal epidermis of outer scale, external and internal epidermis of storage scale, cell size and cellular inclusions (calcium oxalate raphides, starch grains). There are differences in the linear dimensions both in the macro and in the micro level. Overall dimensions of G. woronowii organs are significantly greater than G. nivalis organs, this fact is also reflected in the linear dimensions of the cell structures. The complex of diagnostic features allows the identification of the snowdrop species.

scholarly journals MODEL AND ALGORITHM FOR ESTIMATING THE RESIDUAL LIFE OF ELECTROMECHANICAL EQUIPMENT BASED ON COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF CURRENT AND VIBRATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
П.И. Степанов ◽  
В.В. Закураев
Keyword(s):  
Residual Life ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
General Level ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Residual Life Assessment ◽  
Electromechanical Equipment

В работе описаны модель и алгоритм оценки остаточного ресурса электромеханического оборудования. В качестве объекта контроля использовался асинхронный привод с зубчатой передачей. Оценка остаточного ресурса проводилась на основе комплексного анализа данных вибрации (с зубчатой передачи) и потребляемого тока асинхронным двигателем. В качестве диагностических параметров выделены виброскорость, виброускорение и ток в фазах обмотки статора приводного электродвигателя. Из выделенных диагностических параметров вычисляются коэффициенты дискретного вейвлет-преобразования (с применением материнского вейвлета Добеши, 8 уровней разложения). После чего выделяются диагностические признаки: среднеквадратические и пиковые (максимальные) значения каждого из вейвлет-коэффициентов и всего сигнала (общий уровень) по каждому диагностическому параметру. В работе приведена разработка и апробация модели и алгоритма оценки остаточного ресурса на основе анализа наиболее чувствительных диагностических признаков к возникновению и развитию неисправностей. В лабораторных условиях получены данные по изменению выделенных диагностических признаков в условиях отсутствия смазки в зубчатом редукторе. В работе показана возможность повышения эффективности оценки остаточного ресурса электромеханического оборудования путем использования комплексного анализа тока и вибрации. Особенностью предлагаемых модели и алгоритма является возможность проводить оценку в условиях изменяющихся режимов работы и внешних нагрузок, что наиболее актуально для оборудования железнодорожного транспорта. Таким образом, на лабораторном стенде получены результаты оценки остаточного ресурса с достоверностью до 96%. The paper describes a model and an algorithm for assessing the residual life of electromechanical equipment. An asynchronous gear drive was used as a control object. The residual life assessment was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of vibration data (from a gear drive) and the current consumed by an induction motor. Vibration velocity, vibration acceleration and current in the phases of the stator winding of the drive electric motor are distinguished as diagnostic signs. From the selected diagnostic features, the coefficients of the discrete wavelet transform are calculated (using the mother Daubechies wavelet, 8 decomposition levels). After that, diagnostic features are identified: RMS and Peak (maximum) values ​​of each of the wavelet coefficients and the entire signal (general level) for each diagnostic feature. The paper presents the development and testing of a model and an algorithm for assessing the residual resource based on the analysis of the most sensitive diagnostic signs to the occurrence and development of faults. In laboratory conditions, data were obtained on the change in the identified diagnostic signs in the absence of lubrication in the gear reducer. The paper shows the possibility of increasing the efficiency of assessing the residual life of electromechanical equipment by using a comprehensive analysis of current and vibration. A feature of the proposed model and algorithm is the ability to conduct an assessment under conditions of changing operating modes and external loads, which is most important for railway equipment. Thus, on the laboratory bench, the results of the residual life assessment were obtained with a reliability of up to 96%.

scholarly journals Features of Dictamnus albus (Rutaceae) in the pregenerative period of ontogeny in M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-476
Author(s):  
А. М. Gnatiuk
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Fibrous Root ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Dictamnus Albus

Investigation of plant ontogenetic peculiarities and establishment of boundaries of ontogenetic states of individuals is a necessary basis for studying their populations. The minimal amount of data on morphology of plants in the pregenerative period of ontogenesis complicates plant identification in natural and cultural populations. Such information is especially important for rare species of plants. Dictamnus albus L. is a perennial rare plant listed in the Red Book of Ukraine.The objective of this research is to analyze the peculiarities of ontomorphogenesis of D. albus, to establish diagnostic signs of age stages and the sequence of their passage for identification of the multivariance of development. The results of the study on D. albus ontomorphogeny in the latent and pregenerative period at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden оf the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine are represented in this article. Diagnostic features of age stages: seeds, seedlings, juvenile, immature, virginile are established. The study shows a multivariate development that reveals different sequences of passing ontogenesis states by individuals and, accordingly, the rate of their aging and life expectancy. To describe the variation of the passage by individuals of ontogeny stages, we divided the stages into ontomorphs, which determined the degree of development-degradation of plants. The research showed that every age stage lasts for one growing season or longer. The first bloom in plants does not come earlier than the sixth year of vegetation. Seedlings and juvenile plants vary in leaf number and phyllotaxy. The development of immature plants takes place from the third year of vegetation. Seedlings, juvenile and young immature plants have a tap-root system. In individuals older than 4 years a root system forms which becomes similar to the fibrous root system due to the presence of several thickened roots. In immature and virginile plants, we observed the formation of adventitious roots on the caudex. It has been found that D. albus is characterized by heterophylly and morphological variability of leaves, which is developed during ontogeny and shoot formation. The variety of the architecture of individuals in the early stages of ontogenesis and the multi-variation of their development indicate the variation of the reaction rate.The data may be used for evaluate age (ontogenetic) structure of D. albus populations.

scholarly journals Morpho-anatomical aspects of the firstand-second year leaf epidermis of some Rhododendron L. winter-green species in the Bugsko-Polessky Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Yulia Vladimirovna Bondar ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Zerkal
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Leaf Epidermis ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
Leaf Anatomical Structure ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

This paper discusses morphological and anatomical aspects of the first-and-second-year-leaf epidermis of the two winter-green species, genus Rhododendron L.: R. catawbiense Michx. and R. davidsonianum Rehd., grown in the Bugsko-Polessky Region from the seed reproduction of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The representatives of the studied genus are promising crops for planting gardens, settlements and interiors. Therefore, the study of leaf anatomy lets to find plants adaptive features to different environmental conditions and identify their adaptation capacity in the new conditions of growth. The paper identified diagnostic features, as well as similarities and differences of morphometric parameters. The research method was a comparative anatomical one. The author made a code of diagnostic features of the leaf anatomical structure, which described the views of cross sections. The character of the natural confinement species lays its mark on the formation of individual elements of the leaves structure, ensuring their successful adaptation to the new conditions of growth. The studies have shown that both species quite successfully acclimatized and are promising for mass reproduction and wider use in the Bugsko-Polessky Region, and this is supported by qualitative and quantitative indicators of the morphology and internal leaf structure.

scholarly journals On formation of padder syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
A. M. Morozov ◽  
V. N. Ilkaeva ◽  
S. V. Zhukov ◽  
V. K. Dadabaev ◽  
M. A. Belyak
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Oncotic Pressure ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Signs

Edematous syndrome is most common among patients of older age groups and indicates pathology on the part of such organ systems as cardiovascular, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, lymphatic, endocrine. The causes of edema are diverse, and the tactics of further management due to incorrect justification can lead to serious consequences.The purpose of this study. To study the prevalence and differential diagnostic features of edematous syndrome based on the analysis of current scientific publications containing information on this topic.Results. The development of edematous syndrome is caused by a number of factors, the main of which are: hydrodynamic factor, osmotic factor, oncotic pressure, membranogenic factor. Despite the fact that edematous syndrome is associated with many diseases, it has specific differential diagnostic signs for each pathology.Conclusions. Edema is a visible objective symptom and is a root cause factor of various diseases, such as glomerulonephritis, thrombophlebitis, filariasis, cirrhosis, chronic heart failure, shock, allergic, inflammatory conditions and many others. However, with the help of specific clinical features of the symptoms of this syndrome, it is possible to make a differential diagnosis and determine the underlying disease that led to the formation of edematous syndrome.

Simulation of Electro-Hydraulic Systems Taking Into Account Typical Faults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Gareev ◽  
Asgat Gimadiev ◽  
Ilya Popelnyuk ◽  
Dmitry Stadnik ◽  
Viktor Sverbilov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Residual Service Life ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Flow Displacement ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Diagnostic Complex ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In order to increase efficiency of diagnostics of electro-hydro-mechanical systems (EHMS) it is advisable to have simulation models of typical faults. Such approach makes it possible to estimate in advance, even at the stage of mathematical modeling, the impact of different faults on functioning of hydraulic systems. This work is aimed at creating a database containing complexes of diagnostic features, which allow distinguishing types of faults, their causes and stages of development. In the paper, typical faults of EHMS are presented on the basis of statistical information from literature sources and experimental research. They include internal and external leakages, spool and sleeve sticking, degradation of power fluid. The causes of faults and their impact on hydraulic systems functioning are considered. Simulation models of typical faults are implemented and studied in the SimulationX software package. The static and dynamic characteristics of the systems are investigated in order to identify diagnostic signs of various faults. The impact of typical faults on various system parameters is discussed. During the research, the tasks of selecting the rational location of sensors of different types (pressure, flow, displacement, or force sensors), their quantity for recognition of a typical fault are solved. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of serviceable and faulty systems for cases of control and disturbance actions are presented. Comparative analysis of transient processes of serviceable and faulty EHMS is presented with assessment of difference between theoretical and experimental data. The results of the work allow to more rationally designing the diagnostic complex for more accurate identification of the type of fault, stage of its development and prediction of residual service life of EHMS.

scholarly journals Bacterial corneal ulcers in pediatric patients. Algorithms of pharmacotherapy. Part II

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
L. A. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Systemic Antibacterial

Part I of the article presents a review of publications highlighting current exogenous and endogenous risk factors contributing to the occurrence of bacterial corneal ulcers, laboratory diagnostic methods, clinical differential diagnostic features of bacterial corneal ulcers. A wide variety of objective symptoms characterizes the clinical picture of bacterial corneal ulcers. Still, objective differential diagnostic signs make it possible with a high degree of probability to assume the etiology of the disease during the first biomicroscopy and immediately begin etiotropic therapy, on the timing of which the outcome of the disease depends. Standard laboratory examination of patients with bacterial corneal ulcers includes the bacterioscopic and cultural examination of the contents of the conjunctival sac. However, the absence of etiotropic therapy while waiting for the results of microbiological research methods, which takes from 3 to 7 days, contributes to the rapid progression of the disease, the development of endophthalmitis, and corneal perforation, up to the loss of an eye in children. In this regard, treatment must be started immediately. Therefore, the choice of a drug is determined not only by the causative agent, proven laboratory but, first of all, based on clinical differential diagnostic signs of the disease. The traditional, undeniable approach to the conservative treatment of bacterial corneal ulcers is conventional etiotropic therapy using local and systemic antibacterial drugs. In addition, timely intensive specific drug therapy prevents the destruction of all layers of the cornea, and the use of metabolic drugs that improve regeneration and trophism promotes epithelialization of corneal ulcers. Attention should be given to the necessity and validity of the choice of antibacterial drugs for various etiological forms of bacterial corneal ulcers in children. An individual approach is a basis for effective antibiotic therapy in pediatric ophthalmology. The article presents an up-to-date review of publications and modern algorithms for treating bacterial corneal ulcers in children, the main causative agents of which are: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

scholarly journals The microscopical investigation of diagnostic diseases of Thymus х Citriodorus var. «Silver Queen» herbs

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Y. V. Steshenko ◽  
O. V. Mazulin ◽  
T. V. Oproshanska ◽  
G. P. Smoylovska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Distinctive Features

The actual problem of modern pharmacy is the study of promising essential oil plant species with pronounced antimicrobial and anti-inflamattory activity for their further introduction in medical practice. Species of one of the most famous Thymus L. genus are characterized by a great diversity and distribution in the world flora. The genus has about 400 species, of which up to 50 are identified in the modern flora of Ukraine. They are widespread in countries of Europe, Minor Asia, Middle Asia, North Africa, and the Mediterranean basin. Phytochemical studies the species of the Thymus L. genus were established the accumulation of various biologically active substances: essential oils, flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, polysaccharides, tannins, fatty oils, vitamins, triterpene saponins, amino acids, bitterness, gums, inorganic elements. Essential oils and herbal extracts are part of phytopreparations with pronounced antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Ornamental varieties of this species are successfully cultivated in Western Europe and Ukraine: «Silver Queen», «Doone Vally», «Golden Duarf», «Bertram Anderson». Lemon thyme (Thymus x citriodorus Pers. Schreb. var. «Silver Queen») is promising for cultivation and introduction into medical practice. The plant has the necessary raw materials and a promising composition of biologically active compounds. The aim of the work is to install the characteristic microscopic diagnostic features of lemon thyme herb (Thymus x citriodorus Pers. Schreb. var. «Silver Queen»), harvested in Ukraine. We carried out a morphological, anatomical and microscopic study of fresh and dried herbal raw materials. The results of the research were obtained with a «Micromed XS-3320» microscope with a digital camera (5 mpix) in combination with a computer and «Biolam» with an FN-6 photo nozzle for direct and reflected light. When conducting morphological, anatomical and microscopic study of herbal raw materials of lemon thyme, common and distinctive features were established. Morphological, anatomical and microscopic studies of lemon thyme herbal raw materials were conducted and common and distinctive features were established. The established distinctive diagnostic features of lemon thyme can be used to identify herbal raw materials and are included in the draft article of the state pharmacopoeia of Ukraine «Herba Thymus x citriodorus Pers. Schreb. var. «Silver Queen».

scholarly journals ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЕКСТРЕМАЛЬНИЙ КЛАСТЕР-АНАЛІЗ ВХІДНИХ ДАНИХ ПРИ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ ДІАГНОСТУВАННІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Вікторія Ігорівна Зимовець ◽  
Олександр Сергійович Приходченко ◽  
Микита Ігорович Мироненко
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Functional Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Information Synthesis ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Diagnostics System ◽  
Functional Diagnostic

The study aims to increase the functional efficiency of machine learning of the functional diagnosis system of a multi-rope shaft hoist through cluster analysis of diagnostic features. To achieve the goal, it was necessary to solve the following tasks: formalize the formulation of the task of information synthesis, capable of learning a functional diagnosis system, which operates in the cluster-analysis mode of diagnostic signs; to propose a categorical model and, on its basis, to develop an algorithm for information-extreme cluster analysis of diagnostic signs in the process of information-extreme machine learning of a functional diagnostic system; carry out fuzzification of input fuzzy data by optimizing the geometric parameters of hyperspherical containers of recognition classes that characterize the possible technical conditions of the diagnostic object; to develop an algorithm and implement it on the example of information synthesis of the functional diagnostics system of a multi-rope mine hoisting machine. The object of the study is the processes of information synthesis of a functional diagnostic system capable of learning, integrated into the automated control system of a multi-rope mine hoisting machine. The subject of the study is categorical models, an information-extremal machine learning algorithm of a functional diagnostic system that operates in the cluster analysis model of diagnostic signs and constructs decision rules. The research methods are based on the ideas and methods of information-extreme intellectual data analysis technology, a theoretical-informational approach to assessing the functional effectiveness of machine learning and on the geometric approach of pattern recognition theory. As a result, the following results were obtained: a categorical model was proposed, and on its basis, an algorithm for information-extremal machine learning of the functional diagnostics system for a multi-rope mine hoist was developed and implemented, which allows you to automatically generate an input classified fuzzy training matrix, which significantly reduces time and material costs when creating incoming mathematical description. The obtained result was achieved by cluster analysis of structured vectors of diagnostic signs obtained from archival data for three recognition classes using the k-means procedure. As a criterion for optimizing machine learning parameters, we considered a modified Kullback measure in the form of a functional on the exact characteristics of diagnostic solutions and distance criteria for the proximity of recognition classes. Based on the optimal geometric parameters of the containers of recognition classes obtained during machine learning, decisive rules were constructed that allowed us to classify the vectors of diagnostic features of recognition classes with a rather high total probability of making the correct diagnostic decisions. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained consists in the development of a new method for the information synthesis of the functional diagnostics system of a multi-rope mine hoisting machine, which operates in the cluster analysis model, which made it possible to automatically form an input classified fuzzy training matrix with its subsequent dephasification in the process of information-extreme machine learning system.

scholarly journals Classification of diagnostic features of transient signals in the electric power industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Rustem Khuziashev ◽  
Igor Kuzmin ◽  
Iluza Irkagalieva
Keyword(s):  
Traveling Waves ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Fault Location ◽  
Travelling Waves ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Partial Discharges ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Diagnostic Signs

Problems of practical implementation of traveling wave fault location caused by the registration of signals of different nature are considered. Analysis of the experimentally recorded traveling waves made it possible to divide them into 4 groups caused by partial discharges, lightning overvoltages, scheduled switching and fault commutations. The network dispatchers only needs the fault commutation information. Traveling waves recorded near the place of their origin have different meanings of diagnostic signs. The magnitude of the pre-alarm noise, the number of pulses in the signal and the duration of the signal are used as diagnostic indicators. These three diagnostic signs allow one to recognize each of the 4 causes of the travelling waves.

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