scholarly journals FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES IN LEAVES AND STEM OF EMBELIA RIBES BURM. F

2019 ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
VIDYA V. KAMBLE ◽  
NIKHIL B. GAIKWAD
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Embelia Ribes ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content

Objective: The objective of the present study is to carry out fluorescence analysis, phytochemical, and antioxidant activities using different solvent extract in leaves and stem of Embelia ribes. Methods: In the present study, fluorescence analysis, phytochemical, and antioxidant activities of leaves and stem of E. ribes are carried out using standard procedures. Result: The fluorescence analysis under visible and ultraviolet light for leaves and stem powder of E. ribes treated with various chemical reagents shown different fluorescence effect. In the phytochemical analysis, the methanolic extract of leaves has shown the highest total alkaloid content (19.05±0.42 mg CE/g DW), followed by the stem. The methanolic extract of stem exhibited highest total phenolic content (59.82±2.98 mg GAE/g DW), and ethanolic extract showed highest total flavonoid content (10.05±0.36 mg RE/g DW), followed by leaves. The ethanolic extract of stem possesses highest antioxidant activity toward 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (84.86±0.11%), whereas methanolic extract of stem reported highest FRAP activity (72.22±0.31 mg Fe+2E/g DW), followed by leaves. Antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) were significantly correlated with TPC. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that the fluorescence analysis of leaves and stem of E. ribes can be helpful for the standardization and quality control of indigenous drug. Both leaves and stem serve as the good source of secondary metabolite and antioxidant agents.

scholarly journals The The Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Vitro of White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Preparations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 2404-2412
Author(s):  
Santun Bhekti Rahimah ◽  
Dhiah Dianawaty Djunaedi ◽  
Arto Yuwono Soeroto ◽  
Tatang Bisri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Active Substances

BACKGROUND: The popular commercially cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom contains very high nutrients and bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. The ethanolic extract seems to be the most active in preparation. AIM: This study has an aim to compare the phytochemical analysis of a fresh, dry and ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus, to measure the total phenolic content and antioxidant activities in vitro of ethanolic extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus. METHODS: The fresh plant's materials (FPM), dry plants materials (DPM), ethanolic extracts were macerated with 70% (EE70) and 96% ethanol (EE96) of Pleurotus ostreatus which were used for phytochemical analysis, and EE96 was used for antioxidant activity in vitro. The phytochemical analysis was conducted using the Dragendorf and Meyer, FeCl3 test, Salkowsky method, Lieberman method, amyl alcohol, foam test and the NaOH reagent. The total phenol test was carried out using the Follin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activity was tested using the ABTS and H2O2 essay. RESULTS: The phytochemical screening showed that the flavonoid, phenolic compounds, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, and steroids were detected in the FPM, DPM, EE70 and also the EE96. The alkaloid, however, was not identified by the Meyer Reagent in the FPM and DPM. The DPM and EE70 seemed to have the highest amount of saponin based on the foam that was formed. Meanwhile, steroids and flavonoids were detected at a higher level in the EE96, based on the strength of visible colour. However, triterpenoid and quinones could not be identified. In the total phenol test, there was an amount of 6.67 μg phenol in a 1 mg extract sample which was equivalent to 1 mg of Gallic Acid. The EE96 has an IC50 of 108.07 μg/mL for ABTS and an IC50 reduction of 229.17 μg/mL. The process of Pleurotus ostreatus drying did not reduce the content of active substances. The polar active substances seem to be more soluble in the EE70 than the EE96. CONCLUSION: The higher the bioactive substances in the preparation, the more significant the bio-therapeutic effects. Ethanolic extract of Pleurotus ostreatus has a phenol content and a good antioxidant action.  

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Spirogyra spp.

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rattanabhorn Junthip ◽  
Doungporn Amornlerdpison ◽  
Thitiphan Chimsook
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Abts Assay

A freshwater macroalga, Spirogyra spp., were analyzed for its phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (Folin−Ciocalteu method). Phytochemical analysis of Spirogyra neglecta revealed presence of phenolics, tannins, glycosides and saponins. The crude extraction of Spirogyra spp. was carried out using two solvents via, methanol (methanolic extract) and water (aqueous extract). The total phenolic contents of crude extracts were shown at 346.58±1.61 and 589.77±1.65 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract in aqueous and methanolic extracts, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of aqueous and methanolic extract was estimated by two different methods; ABTS assay, and DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity of two extracts is affected by the extracting solvent and different assay. In the DPPH scavenging assay and ABTS assay, both extracts showed high antioxidant activity. In addition, the high correlation between results of all antioxidant activities and total phenolic content was found. The rapid TLC assay in methanolic extract is considered as the rapid test to evaluate the antioxidant activity of natural compounds. The compounds showing four bands at Rf = 0.25, 0.35, 0.42, 0.64. This study showed that Spirogyra spp. might constitute an important source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF MICHELIA CHAMPACA LEAVES

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
PUSHPA RUWALI ◽  
MAMTA ADHIKARI ◽  
SUBHANSHI SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Michelia Champaca ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Objective: To investigate and compare the phytochemicals, antioxidant activities of various crude extracts from fresh leaves of locally available plant Michelia champaca belonging to family Magnoliaceae. Methods: The present study was designed to perform preliminary phytochemical (qualitative and quantitative) analysis of various extracts. The crude extracts from the leaves of M. champaca were prepared using various organic solvents viz. Methanol (MCMET), Ethanol (MCETH), Hexane (MCHEX), and Chloroform (MCCHLO). In addition, total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents of various extracts were also measured along with the evaluation of the antioxidant capacities using most widely accepted in vitro chemical tests such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. Results: The methanolic extract of M. champaca showed the presence of maximum phytochemicals (12) when compared to other solvent extracts viz. Hexane (10), Ethanol (8) and Chloroform(7). The amount of phenolic and flavonoids present in solvents were in the order of Methanol>Hexane>Ethanol>Chloroform. The best antioxidant potential was found in the Methanol extract. The Methanolic extract exhibited an IC50 value of 72.03µg/ml (DPPH) and of 185.21µg/ml (ABTS), respectively for the two radical scavenging assays. Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis of M. champaca (leaves) various extracts showed good amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents and also exhibited significant antioxidant activity. A positive linear correlation between the antioxidant activities and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the plant extracts was observed. Study revealed variations in such reported activities due to different organic extraction solvents used. In overall conclusion, Michelia champaca has good potential as a source of natural antioxidant for animal health and food industry and further relevant studies on similar lines would be worthwhile.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Euphorbia helioscopia in context to a possible connection between antioxidant and antidiabetic activities: a comparative study of different extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imtiaz Mustafa ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Faisal ◽  
Ghulam Hussain ◽  
Humaira Muzaffar ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Euphorbia Helioscopia

Abstract Background Euphorbia helioscopia, conventionally known as sun spurge, has been used as a traditional medicine to treat different diseases owing to its reported antitumor, antiviral and antioxidant activities. Methods The current research was formulated to assess the in-vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic ability of Euphorbia helioscopia subsequent to the phytochemical analysis of its various extracts. For this purpose, methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts were prepared using the whole dried plant. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was done to evaluate the total flavonoid components (TFC) and total phenolic components (TPC) in the extracts. A total of seven phenolic and three flavonoid contents were documented and quantified using HPLC. Antioxidant values were found by DPPH● assay, FRAP and ABTS assays. The antidiabetic potential of the extracts was evaluated by measuring the inhibition ability of the activity of enzymes α amylase and α glucosidase. Results After analyzing statistically, the results showed that methanolic extract possesses the highest TFC and TPC values while aqueous extract encompassed the lowest level of these contents. Invitro results showed that methanolic extract of the Euphorbia helioscopia has the maximum antioxidant capability since it showed the highest scavenging ability towards the DPPH● (IC50 value = 0.06 ± 0.02 mg/ml), FRAP (758.9 ± 25.1 μMFe+ 2/g), and ABTS (689 ± 25.94 μMTEq/g) due to the presence of high TPC (24.77 ± 0.35 mgGAEq/g) and TFC (17.95 ± 0.32 mgQEq/g) values. Antidiabetic activity in terms of inhibition potential of α amylase and α glucosidase activity was also observed maximum in methanolic extract having lowest IC50 value (0.4 ± 0.01 mg/ml and 0.45 ± 0.01 mg/ml respectively) and minimum in the aqueous extract (IC50 value = 0.57 ± 0.02 mg/ml and 0.76 ± 0.1 mg/ml respectively). Conclusion The experiment outcomes have shown that Euphorbia helioscopia extracts used in the current study contain antioxidant and antidiabetic activities; however, it is highest in its methanolic extract. The presence of the same trend towards the highest antidiabetic activity of the methanolic extract in terms of maximum inhibiting activity of α amylase and α glucosidase enzymes suggests a close association of TFC and TPC in minimizing diabetes.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Pereskia bleo

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mas Athira Johari ◽  
Heng Yen Khong
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Different solvent extracts of Pereskia bleo leaves were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities based on the Folin–Ciocalteu test and DPPH scavenging activities. The antibacterial activities against four bacteria, namely, Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 (SP) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29737 (SA) and Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 (EC) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (PA), were also performed based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. The findings demonstrated that both the methanolic and chloroform extracts displayed strong activities against SA, SP, EC, and PA while the hexane extract demonstrated the weakest activities towards all the four bacteria. The methanolic extract also exhibited higher TPC and possessed higher antioxidant activity with the IC50 value 33.83 µg/mL compared to the chloroform and hexane extracts. As such, the methanolic extract has a higher ability to scavenge free radical compared to other extracts. Due to the interesting result, activities are shown by the methanolic and chloroform crude extracts of P. bleo; hence, the study has been extended to the isolation of bioactive compounds to uncover its great potential as a natural source for antibacterial and antioxidant agents.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calyces from Physalis peruviana

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina M. Toro ◽  
Diana M. Aragón ◽  
Luis F. Ospina ◽  
Freddy A. Ramos ◽  
Leonardo Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bio Assay

Physalis peruviana calyces are used extensively in folk medicine. The crude ethanolic extract and some fractions of calyces were evaluated in order to explore antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the TPA-induced ear edema model. The antioxidant in vitro activity was measured by means of the superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions. The butanolic fraction was found to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, a bio-assay guided approach was employed to isolate and identify rutin (1) and nicotoflorin (2) from their NMR spectroscopic and MS data. The identification of rutin in calyces of P. peruviana supports the possible use of this waste material for phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PIPER BETLE L. LEAVES IN CATFISH, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavitha S ◽  
Parthasarathi Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Ic50 Values

 Objective: The present study was undertaken to assess the α-amylase inhibitory activity and antidiabetic experimental catfish model and antioxidant properties of Piper betle L. ethanolic (PBE) extract.Methods: The phytochemical analysis of PBE extract was performed. The PBE extract was tested for their inhibitory effect on the α-amylase assay, which compared to the control, acarbose. The absorbance was read at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer, and IC50 values were calculated. In this present investigation, diabetes mellitus was induced in catfish, Clarias gariepinus by epaxial musculature injection to glucose and standard drug, Metformin hydrochloride. After 24-h incubation, the treated fishes were dissected, and the blood, liver, tissue samples, and epaxial musculature regions were collected. In addition, the antioxidant properties of PBE were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging (ABTS) assays.Results: The phytochemical screening of PBE revealed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoids, tannins, phenol, glycosides, sterols, saponins, and quinines. Furthermore, the values of (μg/ml) 3.038 and 7.672 α-amylase enzyme inhibition were excellent activity when compared to the acarbose. Moreover, elevated the glucose level (mg/dl) was estimated in blood 1.9±0.35, liver 0.5±0.25, tissue 0.2±0.25, and epaxial musculature 0.8±0.2 after 24-h incubation. The antioxidant effect of maximum activity was found in PBE; IC50 values (μg/ml) of DPPH and ABTS were 9.362 and 6.606, respectively.Conclusions: These studies might be responsible for the P. betle L. that was used as the new source of antidiabetic and antioxidant agents. 

scholarly journals Study on antibacterial activity of Calotropis procera

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muzammal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Comparative study of plant extracts crude and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic with antibiotics, provide evidence that calotropis procera extracts has the similar antibacterial activity as these antibiotics against test pathogens i.e. Salmonella typhi and E.coli. The analysis of antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Calotropis procera was carried out in disc method and also determined MIC value at 600nm through optical density using spectrophotometer. The zone of inhibition produced by extracts was examined and compares it with zone produced by antibiotics. The effect exhibited by ethanolic extract of leaves and flower was significantly greater than the aqueous and methanolic extract of leaves and flower. Crude extracts i.e. latex, leaves, fruit and flower crude extracts. Among them, flower crude extracts shows similar zone of inhibition to test anitibiotics.while in MIC value, we made different concentration of extracts and antibiotics.i.e for crude we made 25%, 50%.75% and 100% concentration of crude juice and for the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic we made 0.5mg/mL,1mg/mL,2mg/mL,3mg/mL,4mg/mL, 5mg/mL and 6mg/mL in Dimethyl salfoxide, and same antibiotics concentration. Aqueous leaves extracts show MIC at 0.5mg/ml against E.coli while against Salmonella it shows MIC at 1mg/ml... We also determine phytochemical analysis for presences of different compounds in crude extracts. The obtained results provide a support for the use of Calotropis procera, in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DEHYDRATED MUKIA MADERASPATANA LEAVES AS A POTENT SOURCE OF DIETARY ANTIOXIDANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
D. Amirtham ◽  
J. Aswini Nivedida ◽  
K. Dhivya ◽  
S. Ganapathy ◽  
C. Indurani
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Indigenous Plant

Green leafy vegetables are the most underexploited class of vegetables despite high nutritional value. The current study has been focused on the evaluation of anti-oxidant status of fresh and dehydrated under- utilized green leafy vegetable namely Mukia maderaspatana (L.) (Family: Cucurbitaceae), an indigenous plant; traditionally it is used as an ingredient of various cocktail preparations for the management of severe inflammatory disorders in Indian system of medicine. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant activities were evaluated for the ethanolic extract of leaves to assess the in vitro antioxidant activities. The results showed that there exist a linear correlation between polyphenol content and antioxidant property. The ethanolic extract of dehydrated Mukia leaves showed the highest phenolic content (269.34 ± 0.78mg GAE/g), and total antioxidant activity (543±46 µmol Trolox/100 g). HPTLC analysis has revealed the presence of significant quantity of Quercitin (26.52%), an important flavonoid of tremendous antioxidant, anticancer and ant inflammatory properties in both the fresh and dehydrated leaves which might be the chief bioactive principle in Mukia.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis of successive extracts of the Cordia macleodii leaves Hook.: A Folklore medicinal plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Gamit Rakesh ◽  
◽  
Patel Amit G ◽  
VJ Shukla ◽  
MB Nariya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Unsaponifiable Fraction ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

‘Preliminary phytochemical analysis of successive extracts, fluorescence analysis and HPTLC of C. macleodiileaves has been planned in the current study.’ The extracts of the dried coarse powdered of C. macleodii leaves obtained using different polarities solventsin succession were tested for the presence of various active phytoconstituents. Fluorescence analysis was investigated andunsaponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract was also observed forchromatographic evaluations. The outcome suggest that the existence of various dynamic phytoconstituents having particular solubility in selected solvents of different polarities used in succession. The fluorescent analysis under the visible and UV light by treatment of diverse chemical reagents showed diverse colours. HPTLC profile of unsaponifiable fraction showed 10 and 3 spots at 254 nm and 366 nm radiation respectively. After spraying with diluted H2SO4, it showed 5 and 6 spots at 254 nm and 366 nm radiations respectively. The presence of active constituents in different polarities solvent, which were used in progression suggesting the significance of the solvent as a conclusive factor. Further the data suggests that, the successive extractions using Petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water solvents of different polarities would maximize the exploitation of the diverse bioactive compounds. Study concluded that it would be help to isolate and characterize the different pharmacologically dynamic principles of the C. macleodii such as mouth sores, treating jaundice, hepatoprotective and also as an aphrodisiac. It shows their importance for supporting their claimed uses and biological activities such as wound healing.

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