Patterns and association of vaccination among adults with a history of cancer in the USA: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Aim: To assess the association of vaccination status among adults with history of cancer in a population-based cohort in the USA. Materials & methods: National Health Interview Survey datasets (2008–2018) have been accessed and information about the patterns and associations of the following vaccinations were collected (influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination, hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis A vaccination and shingles vaccination). Association of different sociodemographic variables with each of the above types of vaccination was studied through multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Private health insurance (vs no private insurance) was associated with higher percentages of recommended vaccination (influenza vaccination: 65 vs 59.7%; pneumococcal vaccination: 74.9 vs 68.8%; hepatitis B vaccination: 22.9 vs 19.3%; hepatitis A vaccination: 10.1 vs 8.6%; shingles vaccination: 33.8 vs 26.7%; p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Within multivariable logistic regression analyses, African American race, lower education and lower income were associated with less probability of adherence to recommended vaccination (for influenza vaccination; odds ratio (OR) for black race vs white race: 0.785; 95% CI: 0.717–0.859; OR for ≤high school vs >high school education: 0.763; 95% CI: 0.723–0.805; OR for income ≤US$45,000 vs >US$45,000: 0.701; 95% CI: 0.643–0.764). Conclusion: There is evidence of socio-economic disparities in adherence to recommended vaccination among this cohort of cancer survivors in the USA. More efforts need to be done to ensure that recommended vaccination is being delivered to all cancer survivors in need (including enhancing coverage and awareness to under-represented groups of the society).

Patient-related barriers to some virtual healthcare services among cancer patients in the USA: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
African American ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Virtual Care ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
African American Race

Objective: To assess the patient-related barriers to access of some virtual healthcare tools among cancer patients in the USA in a population-based cohort. Materials & methods: National Health Interview Survey datasets (2011–2018) were reviewed and adult participants (≥18 years old) with a history of cancer diagnosis and complete information about virtual healthcare utilization (defined by [a] filling a prescription on the internet in the past 12 months and/or [b] communicating with a healthcare provider through email in the past 12 months) were included. Information about video-conferenced phone calls and telephone calls are not available in the National Health Interview Survey datasets; and thus, they were not examined in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with the utilization of virtual care tools. Results: A total of 25,121 participants were included in the current analysis; including 4499 participants (17.9%) who utilized virtual care in the past 12 months and 20,622 participants (82.1%) who did not utilize virtual care in the past 12 months. The following factors were associated with less utilization of virtual healthcare tools in multivariable logistic regression: older age (continuous odds ratio [OR] with increasing age: 0.987; 95% CI: 0.984–0.990), African-American race (OR for African American vs white race: 0.608; 95% CI: 0.517–0.715), unmarried status (OR for unmarried compared with married status: 0.689; 95% CI: 0.642–0.739), lower level of education (OR for education ≤high school vs >high school: 0.284; 95% CI: 0.259–0.311), weaker English proficiency (OR for no proficiency vs very good proficiency: 0.224; 95% CI: 0.091–0.552) and lower yearly earnings (OR for earnings <$45,000 vs earnings >$45,000: 0.582; 95% CI: 0.523–0.647). Conclusion: Older patients, those with African-American race, lower education, lower earnings and weak English proficiency are less likely to access the above studied virtual healthcare tools. Further efforts are needed to tackle disparities in telemedicine access.

Influenza Vaccination of Healthcare Workers in the United States, 1989-2002

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances J. Walker ◽  
James A. Singleton ◽  
Pengjun Lu ◽  
Karen G. Wooten ◽  
Raymond A. Strikas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

Objectives.We sought to estimate influenza vaccination coverage among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the United States during 1989-2002 and to identify factors associated with vaccination in this group. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends annual influenza vaccination for HCWs to reduce transmission of influenza to patients at high risk for serious complications of influenza.Design.Analysis of cross-sectional data from 1989-2002 surveys conducted by the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The outcome measure was self-reported influenza vaccination in the past 12 months. Bivariate and multivariate analysis of 2002 NHIS data.Setting.Household interviews conducted during 1989-2002, weighted to reflect the noninstitutionalized, civilian US population.Participants.Adults aged 18 years or older participated in the study. A total of 2,089 were employed in healthcare occupations or settings in 2002, and 17,160 were employed in nonhealthcare occupations or settings.Results.The influenza vaccination rate among US HCWs increased from 10.0% in 1989 to 38.4% in 2002, with no significant change since 1997. In a multivariate model that included data from the 2002 NHIS, factors associated with a higher rate of influenza vaccination among HCWs aged 18-64 years included age of 50 years or older (odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.1), hospital employee status (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.9), 1 or more visits to the office of a healthcare professional in the past 12 months (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2), receipt of employer-provided health insurance (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1), a history of pneumococcal vaccination (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 2.5-6.1), and history of hepatitis B vaccination (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4-2.4). Non-Hispanic black persons were less likely to be vaccinated (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.5-0.9) than non-Hispanic white persons. There were no significant differences in vaccination levels according to HCW occupation category.Conclusions.Influenza immunization among HCWs reached a plateau during 1997-2002. New strategies are needed to encourage US HCWs to receive influenza vaccination to prevent influenza illness in themselves and transmission of influenza to vulnerable patients.

Experiences of cancer patients with outpatient care in the USA: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 959-967
Author(s):  
Omar Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Aim: To evaluate the patterns of cancer patients-assessed quality of outpatient care in the USA. Materials & methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey datasets for the years 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017 were accessed and adult participants with a history of cancer diagnosis were reviewed. Participants’ assessments of different quality indicators of healthcare providers were reviewed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis for factors associated with a better overall rating of healthcare was then conducted. Results: A total of 8050 participants with a history of cancer were included. Within multivariable logistic regression analysis, factors associated with the better rating of healthcare included; older age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.017; 95% CI: 1.010–1.025), higher income OR (OR: 2.385; 95% CI: 1.735–3.277) and better self-reported health status (OR: 6.691; 95% CI: 3.928–11.396). Conclusion: Cancer patients with older age, higher income and better health status were more likely to be satisfied with the outpatient care they received. The biggest area for potential improvement of patient satisfaction seems to be related to the time spent with healthcare providers.

Polyneuropathy relates to impairment in daily activities, worse gait, and fall-related injuries

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rens Hanewinckel ◽  
Judith Drenthen ◽  
Vincentius J.A. Verlinden ◽  
Sirwan K.L. Darweesh ◽  
Jos N. van der Geest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
History Of

Objective:To extensively investigate the association of chronic polyneuropathy with basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL), falls, and gait.Methods:A total of 1,445 participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study (mean age 71 years, 54% women) underwent a polyneuropathy screening involving a symptom questionnaire, neurologic examination, and nerve conduction studies. Screening yielded 4 groups: no, possible, probable, and definite polyneuropathy. Participants were interviewed about BADL (Stanford Health Assessment questionnaire), IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale), and frequency of falling in the previous year. In a random subset of 977 participants, gait was assessed with an electronic walkway. Associations of polyneuropathy with BADL and IADL were analyzed continuously with linear regression and dichotomously with logistic regression. History of falling was evaluated with logistic regression, and gait changes were evaluated with linear regression.Results:Participants with definite polyneuropathy had more difficulty in performing BADL and IADL than participants without polyneuropathy. Polyneuropathy related to worse scores of all BADL components (especially walking) and 3 IADL components (housekeeping, traveling, and shopping). Participants with definite polyneuropathy were more likely to fall, and these falls more often resulted in injury. Participants with polyneuropathy had worse gait parameters on the walkway, including lower walking speed and cadence, and more errors in tandem walking.Conclusions:Chronic polyneuropathy strongly associates with impairment in the ability to perform daily activities and relates to worse gait and an increased history of falling.

scholarly journals Multivitamin supplement use and risk of invasive breast cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1540-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna M Meulepas ◽  
Polly A Newcomb ◽  
Andrea N Burnett-Hartman ◽  
John M Hampton ◽  
Amy Trentham-Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Multivitamin Supplement ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multivitamin Use ◽  
Hormone Use

AbstractObjectiveMultivitamin supplements are used by nearly half of middle-aged women in the USA. Despite this high prevalence of multivitamin use, little is known about the effects of multivitamins on health outcomes, including cancer risk. Our main objective was to determine the association between multivitamin use and the risk of breast cancer in women.DesignWe conducted a population-based case–control study among 2968 incident breast cancer cases (aged 20–69 years), diagnosed between 2004 and 2007, and 2982 control women from Wisconsin, USA. All participants completed a structured telephone interview which ascertained supplement use prior to diagnosis, demographics and risk factor information. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals were calculated using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsCompared with never users of multivitamins, the OR for breast cancer was 1·02 (95 % CI 0·87, 1·19) for current users and 0·99 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·33) for former users. Further, neither duration of use (for ≥10 years: OR = 1·13, 95 % CI 0·93, 1·38, P for trend = 0·25) nor frequency (>7 times/week: OR = 1·00, 95 % CI 0·77, 1·28, P for trend = 0·97) was related to risk in current users. Stratification by menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, age, alcohol, tumour staging and postmenopausal hormone use did not significantly modify the association between multivitamin use and breast cancer.ConclusionsThe current study found no association between multivitamin supplement use and breast cancer risk in women.

scholarly journals Sociodemographics and their impacts on risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer and screening: results from a cross-sectional study in Newfoundland and Labrador

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyan Shi ◽  
Lance Garrett Shaver ◽  
Yujia Kong ◽  
Yanqing Yi ◽  
Kris Aubrey-Bassler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Newfoundland And Labrador ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

Abstract Background Our objective was to examine cancer risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer treatment, outcomes, and screening, and how these are mediated by sociodemographic variables, among Newfoundland and Labrador residents. Methods Participants aged 35 to 74 were recruited through Facebook advertising, and a self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Spearman rank correlations, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results Of the 1048 participants who responded and met the inclusion criteria for this study, 1019 were selected for this analysis. Risk factor recognition was generally good, though several risk factors had poor awareness: being over 70 years old (53.4% respondents aware), having a low-fiber diet (65.0%), and drinking more than 1 unit of alcohol per day (62.8%). Our results showed that the participants’ awareness of risk factors was significantly associated with higher income level (rs = 0.237, P <  0.001), higher education (rs = 0.231, P <  0.001), living in rural regions (rs = 0.163, P <  0.001), and having a regular healthcare provider (rs = 0.081, P = 0.010). Logistic regression showed that among NL residents in our sample, those with higher income, post-secondary education, those in very good or excellent health, and those with a history of cancer all had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes. Those with a history of cancer, and those with very good or excellent health, also had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening. Finally, compared to Caucasian/white participants, those who were non-Caucasian/white had lower odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening. Conclusion Among adults in NL, there was poor awareness that low-fiber diets, alcohol, and age are risk factors for cancer. Lower income and education, rural residence, and not having a health care provider were associated with lower risk factor awareness. We also found a few associations between sociodemographic factors and beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes or screening. We stress that while addressing awareness is necessary, so too is improving social circumstances of disadvantaged groups who lack the resources necessary to adopt healthy behaviours.

Detection of R337H, a germline mutation predisposing to multiple cancers, in asymptomatic women participating in a breast cancer screening programme in southern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 21029-21029
Author(s):  
E. I. Palmero ◽  
M. Caleffi ◽  
M. I. Waddington Achatz ◽  
G. Martel-Planche ◽  
V. Marcel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Germline Mutation ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Familial Cancer ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

21029 Background: A specific germline mutation at codon 337 in TP53 (R337H) has been detected in a number of unrelated subjects with familial cancer risk in South Brazil, suggesting that this mutation may be relatively common in this population. Methods: To assess the TP53 R337H prevalence in a group of asymptomatic individuals unselected for family history of cancer, we studied 750 women aged 40–69 ys participating in a mammographic screening programme in Porto Alegre, Brazil`s southernmost capital. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood using standard procedures and PCR-amplified to generate a 238-base product encompassing TP53 exon 10, which was analyzed by RFLP using the restriction enzyme HhaI. The mutant, uncleaved allele was identified in agarose gels and positive RFLP findings were further confirmed by an independent PCR amplification and bi-directional, automated sequencing. Results and Discussion: The R337H mutant was detected in two of the 750 participants (0.15%), suggesting a much higher prevalence for this than for other TP53 germline mutations causing the LFS/LFL syndromes in the general population. Interestingly, these two subjects reported a familial history of cancer, and were found to be 2nd degree relatives. Three additional family members were also positive: one woman affected with breast cancer at the age of 36 years and two asymptomatic 62- and 80-year-old women. The presence of four R337H-positive cancer- unaffected individuals in this family, two of them well above the age of 50, indicates that this is a low-penetrance allele. In addition, the pedigree does not fulfill any of the currently recognized clinical criteria for the diagnosis of LFS/LFLS syndrome. This is the first study to report detection of a germline TP53 mutation in a population-based screening programme. Conclusions: The TP53 R337H mutant appears to be relatively common and may occur in families that do not fulfill the known clinical criteria for LFS/LFLS, the family described here contains asymptomatic carriers suggesting partial penetrance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Incidence and characteristics of cancer-associated thrombosis in a racially diverse population: A population-based study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13088-e13088
Author(s):  
Gary E. Raskob ◽  
Aaron M. Wendelboe ◽  
John Grady Heller ◽  
Kai Ding ◽  
Nimia L. Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Cancer

e13088 Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in cancer patients, but contemporary data on the incidence and characteristics of cancer-associated VTE in different racial populations is limited. We sought to measure the incidence rate and characteristics of cancer-associated VTE in a racially diverse population. Methods: We performed a prospective, population–based cohort study of VTE in Oklahoma County, OK during April 1, 2012–March 31, 2014. Surveillance staff regularly visited all tertiary care and relevant outpatient facilities in the county and reviewed the text from all imaging results of chest computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, lung perfusion scans, and ultrasound of the extremities to identify cases of VTE. Data on patient characteristics were collected from the electronic medical record. VTE was considered cancer-associated if the patient had a history of cancer other than basal or squamous cell skin cancer. Cancer was defined as “active” if metastatic or diagnosed within 6 months prior to VTE. Associations and incidence were calculated using the chi-square test and Poisson regression, respectively. Results: Of 3,255 patients with ≥1 VTE event (deep-vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism), 732 (23%) had a history of cancer, of whom 309 had active cancer. The types of cancer varied widely. The age-adjusted incidence of cancer-associated VTE was 648 per 100,000 adult population (age ≥ 18). Incidence increased with each decade of age. The racial/ethnic-specific incidence rates were as follows (each per 100,000): Whites non-hispanic (607), Blacks non-Hispanic (557), Native Americans (128), Asian/Pacific Islanders (113) and Hispanics (70). Risk factors for VTE among the 732 with cancer-associated VTE included previous VTE (19%), hospitalization (37%), surgery (33%), and central venous catheter (22%). Of those with a history of cancer ≥ 6 months previously, 32% had no other identifiable VTE risk factor. Conclusions: Cancer-associated VTE comprised about 20-25% of the total population burden of VTE. The incidence varied substantially by race/ethnicity. An appreciable proportion of those with a history of cancer ≥ 6 months previously subsequently developed VTE in the absence of other risk factors.

scholarly journals Familial history of cancer and childhood acute leukemia: a French population-based case–control study

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahaut Ripert ◽  
Florence Menegaux ◽  
Yves Perel ◽  
Françoise Méchinaud ◽  
Emmanuel Plouvier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
French Population ◽  
Familial History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Childhood Acute Leukemia ◽  
Control Study ◽  
History Of Cancer
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