scholarly journals Low-cost and Efficient Fault Detection and Protection System for Distribution Transformer

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Buhari Ugbede Umar ◽  
James Garba Ambafi ◽  
Olayemi Mikail Olaniyi ◽  
James Agajo ◽  
Omeiza Rabiu Isah
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Transformer Maintenance ◽  
Transformer Fault

Distribution transformers are a vital component of electrical power transmission and distribution system. Frequent Monitoring transformers faults before it occurs can help prevent transformer faults which are expensive to repair and result in a loss of energy and services. The present method of the routine manual check of transformer parameters by the electricity board has proven to be less effective. This research aims to develop a low-cost protection system for the distribution transformer making it safer with improved reliability of service to the users. Therefore, this research work investigated transformer fault types and developed a microcontroller-based system for transformer fault detection and protection system using GSM (the Global System of Mobile Communication) technology for fault reporting. The developed prototype system was tested using voltage, current and temperature, which gave a threshold voltage higher than 220 volts to be overvoltage, a load higher than 200 watts to be overload and temperature greater than 39 degrees Celsius to be over temperature was measured. From the results, there was timely detection of transformer faults of the system, the transformer protection circuits were fully functional, and fault reporting was achieved using the GSM device. Overall, 99% accuracy was achieved. The system can thus be recommended for use by the Electricity Distribution Companies to protect distribution transformers for optimal performance, as the developed system makes the transformers more robust, and intelligent. Hence, a real-time distribution transformer fault monitoring and prevention system is achieved and the cost of transformer maintenance is reduced to an extent.

An Efficient Method for Motor Protection System Control Using Labview

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Abhay Kumar Singh ◽  
Shabbiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Protection System ◽  
System Control ◽  
Large Motor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Motor Protection ◽  
Financial Losses

The need for a motor protection system can be well understood by the fact that motors are integral device in any of the present day industries. Malfunctioning or any other faults in motor can halt the functioning of such industries. This can cause huge financial losses. So an efficient motor protection system is necessary. The present research work deals with the application of Labview for motor protection system, which can constantly monitor and control, a large motor system. This paper presents a highly reliable approach towards protection of commonly used motors. Here we deal with different kinds of motor faults and detection of all these faults using NI LABVIEW™. The present paper will not only be helpful for industrial purposes but it can also be helpful for students to understand motor fault detection. The LABVIEW has been successfully applied to make an efficient motor protection system.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Cost Estimation of Distribution Transformer Failure from Life Data Exploration

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4025-4029
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Estimation Of Distribution

Transformers are major equipment in a power system. Their reliability does not only affect the electric energy availability within a supplied area, but also the economical operation of a utility. Many power utilities in the world including Malaysia have distribution transformers that have been in operations for over 30 years. Aged distribution transformer will have higher risk of unexpected failure which will increase the operational cost. Nevertheless, the occurrence of transformer failure can be predicted based on historical events. In this research work, 2-Parameter Weibull distribution is used to model distribution transformer life data. Life data analysis is conducted based on the statistical model and failure prediction for distribution transformers is analysed. Since frequency of failures as a function of time from life data model varies with different manufacturers and affects the life cycle cost, both life data analysis and net present value concept could be combined to establish an enhanced methodology for life cycle cost estimation of distribution transformer failure. A case study was conducted on sample populations where distribution transformer with similar manufacturer and capacity were grouped together. Results for each transformer group were compared and examined. It was pointed by the results that appropriate modelling and analysis had allowed life cycle cost due to transformer failure to be estimated. Outcomes from the assessment would contribute to transformer life cycle management as one of the factors to consider in the decision making for asset replacement, maintenance and planning

scholarly journals Electrical Loading Assessment of Commonly-Used Transformers for Feeder 21 of Pampanga Distribution Utility

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1391-1397
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Normal Loading ◽  
Copper Loss ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
And Function

Transformer plays a vital part in the process of utilization of electricity. In power distribution, the most widely used equipment is the distribution transformer (DT) and function to transform the primary voltage of 13200 volts to the utilization level voltage of 230 volts. In a distribution system, transformers are installed serving commercial, industrial, irrigation, street lights and residential consumers. Distribution transformers were classified as sole-used and commonly-used distribution transformers. The study focuses on assessing the commonly-used distribution transformer of Feeder 21 of Pampanga Distribution Utility. Microsoft Excel 2013 was used to evaluate the percent loading, core and copper losses of each DT’s installed in the feeder. The DTs were classified according to their percent loading: Overloaded Above 71%, Normal Loaded 40% to 70%, and Under Loaded Below 40%. From the data from 2017-2018, 104 units commonly-used DT’s were installed in the feeder. From the results obtained, 30 units were overloaded distribution transformers while 31 units were under loaded distribution transformers. Out of 104 distribution transformers 61 of which are not in the normal loading conditions. The total Core loss in MWh of the distribution transformer in under loaded and overloaded conditions were 34.37 and 38.04, while the copper loss in under loaded and overloaded conditions was 7.46 MWh and 199.76 MWh respectively. The study also shows the implication if the percent loading was maintained to 70%, 110.21MWh will be saved by the electric utility. The researchers find that there is a need in uprating or downrating of transformer and quantifying the consumer connected in each distribution transformers for proper transformer loading may be considered by the Distribution Utility.

scholarly journals Transformer Parameters Monitoring System using MATLAB Simulink

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish C. Jangam1 ◽  
Prof. D.G. Chougule ◽  
A. S. Mali
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Digital Converter ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
System Memory ◽  
The Embedded System

Transformer is an important component of an electrical distribution system. Hence it is important to monitor transformers for problems before faults occur. This system is about design and implementation of embedded system to monitor and record key parameters of a distribution transformer like load currents,voltage and temperature. It is installed at the distribution transformer site and the above parameters are recorded using the analog to digital converter (ADC) of the embedded system. The obtained parameters are processed and recorded in the system memory. If any abnormality or an emergency situation occurs the system takes immediate action to avoid it. This system will help the transformers to operate smoothly and identify problems before any failure. proposed system is low cost, easy to use capable of monitoring and displaying data using matlab[1,6].

scholarly journals Fault Protection Considerations for MVDC Shipboard Power Systems Operating with Pulsed-Power Loads

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Marounfa ` Djibo ◽  
Paul Moses ◽  
Ike Flory
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Pulsed Power ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Shipboard Power ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Protection Systems

Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) power distribution architectures are of immense interest for various shipboard power applications due to their advantages over classical MVAC distribution systems with respect to power quality, power density, and efficiency. However, MVDC are far away from maturity when compared to MVAC with respect to fault detection and isolation. Currently, there are no standards available for applying MVDC protection systems in shipboard applications. Furthermore, due to the absence of zero crossings in DC waveforms and unique transient fault signatures, it is challenging to design effective protection system schemes to isolate faults via conventional protection systems. This paper investigates and analyses various types of shipboard MVDC dynamic fault behaviours and signatures under different DC bus disturbances such as: bus to ground, bus to bus to ground, and impact of Pulsed-Power Load (PPL) with and without faults on a shipboard MVDC distribution system. Furthermore, a communication-based fault detection and isolation system controller that improves upon a directional ac overcurrent relay protection system is proposed offering additional protection discrimination between faults and PPLs in MVDC systems. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed protection controller, different bus current disturbances are simulated within a time-domain electromagnetic transient simulation of a shipboard power system including a PPL system operating with different ramp rate profiles, pulse widths, peak powers, and fault locations

scholarly journals STUDI ANALISIS KOORDINASI OVER CURRENT RELAY (OCR) DAN GROUND FAULT RELAY (GFR) PADA RECLOSER DI SALURAN PENYULANG PENEBEL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gde Agung Budhi Udiana ◽  
I G Dyana Arjana ◽  
Tjok Gede Indra Partha
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Time Value ◽  
Ground Fault ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Electric Power Distribution

Short circuit causing over current problem and can might causing interference of the equipment performance such as distribution transformers also causing widespread disruption occurred. In resolving such interference is required as protection system on the distribution system. Seeing all above is needed coordination between the supporting component of the protection system which is consisted of Over Current Relay (OCR) and Ground Fault Relay (GFR). The research was conducted at PT. PLN (Persero) South Bali Area Network, INDONESIA on recloser in the feeder line of Penebel. OCR setting between the Relay feeder of Penebel, Recloser Celagi, Recloser Bakisan, and Recloser Benana still less selective, with time value coordination between average security was still less than 0,2 second. Then OCR setting and GFR relay feeder of Penebel, Recloser Celagi, Recloser Bakisan, and Recloser Benana was recommended for re-setting in order to minimize disruption and electric power distribution system to be reliable.

scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT

2014 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
KIRAN M KESHYAGOL
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
System Improvement ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Efficient Transmission

This paper incorporates power transmission and distribution system with usually one major control system which enables the system to supply electricity. In this paper an attempt is made to solve the problems occurring in transmission and distribution system such as over loading of ‘Distribution transformers’, losses in Transmission and Distribution system, getting low voltage at end consumer who is far away from the distribution transformer, we then present our approach to an efficient and healthy power system. And this offers a healthy and efficient Transmission and Distribution system compared to existing one.

scholarly journals A Reserve Planning Method of Transformer Group based on Markov Reliability Model

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 305-310
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Hongliang Liu ◽  
Zhiyong Chen ◽  
Huan Li
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Failure Time ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Quantitative Calculation ◽  
Operation Rate ◽  
Transformer Fault ◽  
The Impact

In view of the current situation that the load difference is not considered in the existing research on public standby transformer, the reliability Markov model and public standby planning model of distribution transformer unit based on public standby mode are proposed. When the transformer fails, the standby transformer is preferred to replace the faulty transformer. The power failure time of the user is shortened from the transformer maintenance time to the standby installation and operation time. The state transition rate is the installation and operation rate of the standby transformer, and the replaced faulty transformer is converted to the standby transformer in the unavailable state. This paper applies the scheme decision analysis method to the field of engineering control, and applies the combination of the compound matter element analysis and the subjective and objective weight to the quantitative calculation of correlation entropy. This method solves the current situation that transformer faults are difficult to measure and calculate quantitatively, and it can accurately predict the healthy development trend of transformers, which has a good guiding value for the use and maintenance of transformers. At the same time, the public standby measures of distribution transformer can better solve the problem of long transformer fault repair time with a small amount of capital investment, effectively shorten the recovery time of fault outage and reduce the impact of transformer fault. The standby measures of distribution transformer have an obvious impact on the reliability of distribution system.

scholarly journals An Anti-Counterfeiting Architecture for Traceability System Based on Modified Two-Level Quick Response Codes

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Shundao Xie ◽  
Hong-Zhou Tan
Keyword(s):  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Copy Detection ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Scanned Image ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Product Package

Traceability is considered a promising solution for product safety. However, the data in the traceability system is only a claim rather than a fact. Therefore, the quality and safety of the product cannot be guaranteed since we cannot ensure the authenticity of products (aka counterfeit detection) in the real world. In this paper, we focus on counterfeit detection for the traceability system. The risk of counterfeiting throughout a typical product life cycle in the supply chain is analyzed, and the corresponding requirements for the tags, packages, and traceability system are given to eliminate these risks. Based on the analysis, an anti-counterfeiting architecture for traceability system based on two-level quick response codes (2LQR codes) is proposed, where the problem of counterfeit detection for a product is transformed into the problem of copy detection for the 2LQR code tag. According to the characteristics of the traceability system, the generation progress of the 2LQR code is modified, and there is a corresponding improved algorithm to estimate the actual location of patterns in the scanned image of the modified 2LQR code tag to improve the performance of copy detection. A prototype system based on the proposed architecture is implemented, where the consumers can perform traceability information queries by scanning the 2LQR code on the product package with any QR code reader. They can also scan the 2LQR code with a home-scanner or office-scanner, and send the scanned image to the system to perform counterfeit detection. Compared with other anti-counterfeiting solutions, the proposed architecture has advantages of low cost, generality, and good performance. Therefore, it is a promising solution to replace the existing anti-counterfeiting system.

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