Health Benefits and Application of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in Dentistry

A wide range of artificial and synthetic products have been replaced by the natural products for daily use. The natural products are believed to have more advantages and less adverse effects. The plant products such as stem, flower, fruit, seed, leaves, etc have been experimented. Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, a perennial shrub which is a native of South America. During World War II, England used it as a sweetener as sugar was not available. By 1970, it was used as a sweetener in Japan. In 1994, US approved steviol glycosides as functional ingredient in dietary supplements. It is non-caloric sweetener which is 200-300 times sweeter than table sugar. Its use as a sweetener was approved by FDA in 2011. There is growing evidence supporting the use of stevia in diabetes, hypertension, weight loss, etc. Dental caries is an infectious microbiologic disease of the tooth that results in localized dissolution and destruction of calcified tissues. There has been an increased interest on antimicrobial and anti-plaque activity of stevia mouth rinse and chewing gums. Researches on the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of stevia have also been conducted to evaluate its potential advantages in the dental field. This review describes in detail the health benefits and application of stevia in dentistry. Keywords: Stevia, Dental, Medical

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Natural sweeteners: health benefits of stevia

Foods and raw materials ◽

10.21603/2308-4057-2018-2-392-402 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 392-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sukhmani Gandhi ◽

Yogesh Gat ◽

Shalini Arya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food System ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Value Added ◽

Current Status ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Artificial Sweetener ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Food Properties ◽

Perennial Shrub ◽

Health Promoting

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni), a perennial shrub, is the sweetest plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Stevia leaves are an excellent source of diterpene glycosides stevioside, rebaudioside A-F, dulcoside, and steviolbioside, which are responsible for sweetness and have been utilized commercially for sugar substitution in foods, beverages, and medicines. To the best of our knowledge, a large number of studies have been carried out on composition, health implications, and safety of steviol glycosides. However, commercial production of stevia-incorporated food products needs further research in order to meet the huge global demand. Stevia-incorporated products possess better sweetening potency and maximum consumer acceptability, when compared with other sugar substitutes. Hence, the current research attempts to review the health promoting effects of stevia with special emphasis on its application in the food system. The paper majorly features 1) the anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-caries, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer benefits of stevia, 2) value-added stevia-incorporated products, e.g. bakery, dairy, and beverages, 3) the effect of incorporation of stevia on physicochemical, rheological, and nutritional food properties, 4) the current status and regulatory perspective of utilizing stevia at national and international level. Due to legislative actions and growing consumer awareness, public interest in natural sweeteners has significantly increased. Since the use of artificial sweetener has recently been questioned, the data the present article provides will be useful for consumers and manufacturers that seek an alternative.

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Performance and Genetic Diversity among a Collection of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni Accessions Using Microsatellite Markers in Malaysia

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019036221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 221

Author(s):

Pedram Kashiani ◽

Ghizan Saleh ◽

Ridzwan Che Rus

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Day Length ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Heterotic Groups ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Leaf Weight ◽

Wide Range ◽

Improvement Programs

The plant Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (2n=22) is a native of certain regions of South America particularly in Paraguay. It is a short-term plant and needs three months to complete one cycle of vegetative growth and flowering. With days less than 13 hours in tropical countries, stevia plants flower early, resulting in low yield. In addition, the early bud emergence under the short-day length condition causes the sugar content in stevia leaves to reduce drastically, making them no longer valuable for commercial use. The stevia accessions available in Malaysia today are limited in number and poor in performance, emphasizing the necessity of varietal improvement programs. Assessment of genetic variability, diversity and intrarelationships is an essential step for such breeding programs. This study aims to evaluate agronomic performance of among 21 stevia accessions, namely SRBA-1 to SRBA-21, collected from different origins and to reveal genetic diversity utilizing 52 novel microsatellites. Evaluation of agronomic traits revealed wide range of variation in leaf weight, dry leaf weight, plant height, number of branches, stevioside; rebaudioside A (Reb A), rebaudioside C (Reb C) and total steviol glycosides (TSG). The total genetic diversity detected among the accessions through amplification of the 43 polymorphic microsatellites showed that almost all markers had deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (Ho>He). Three distinct heterotic groups were identified among the accessions based on their agronomic performance and molecular characteristics. Crosses among different accessions coming from different heterotic groups can be further used to produce potential stevia variety for plantation in Malaysia.

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Investigations into Enzymatic Bioconversion to Form Rebaudioside A from Stevioside

Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppch.12673 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Réka Czinkóczky ◽

Áron Németh

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Statistical Design ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Statistical Experimental Design ◽

Rebaudioside A ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Perennial Shrub ◽

Enzymatic Bioconversion ◽

Full Factorial

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial shrub from South America that produces steviol glycosides which are 200-300 times sweeter than sugar. Stevioside and rebaudioside A are the main sweetening components of its leaves. Steviol glycosides are diterpenoids whose biosynthetic pathways have four steps in common with gibberellic acid formation. The most important enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway expressed by the gene UGT76G1 is referred to as UDP-glycosyltransferase 76G1. It converts stevioside into rebaudioside A. The former has a bitter aftertaste and is a poorer sweetener but is most abundant. This enzyme can be produced in a next generation recombinant way by Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Trichoderma longibrachiatum produces the enzyme β-1,3-glucanase enzyme, which can perform a transglycosylation between stevioside to gain rebaudioside A. In our study, a full-factorial statistical experimental design that applies different glycosyl donors, temperatures, enzyme-to-substrate ratios and pH's as factors in order to achieve higher Reb A ratios in S. rebaudiana extracts after transglycosylation is reported. The presented statistical design was appropriate to indicate relevant and significant factors, providing a good basis for an upcoming experimental design of a real-world optimization.

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Stevioside and Rebaudioside A – Predominant Ent-Kaurene Diterpene Glycosides of Therapeutic Potential: a Review

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/335/2015-cjfs ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 281-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

E. GUPTA ◽

S. PURWAR ◽

S. SUNDARAM ◽

P. TRIPATHI ◽

G. RAI

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Perennial Herb ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Rebaudioside A ◽

Molecular Configuration ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Wide Range

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is a Paraguayan perennial herb of the family Asteraceae. The leaves contain a great amount of secondary metabolites with a wide range of important biological activities commonly known as steviol glycosides which differ in their molecular configuration, power of sweetness and their taste profile. Out of various steviol glycosides, the main compounds of interest are diterpenoid glycosides of ent-kaurene type extracted from the leaves of this plant as non-toxic, thermally stable, low-calorie natural sweeteners stevioside and rebaudioside A. These glycosides are a high-quality sugar substitute or dietary supplement with diverse applications in the medicinal world along with the food and beverage industry. This review article is aimed at the chemistry of stevioside and rebaudioside A, possible biosynthetic pathways, their metabolism and acceptable daily intake along with a broad spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic applications.

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Salt Stress Mitigation via the Foliar Application of Chitosan-Functionalized Selenium and Anatase Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26134090 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (13) ◽

pp. 4090

Author(s):

Morteza Sheikhalipour ◽

Behrooz Esmaielpour ◽

Gholamreza Gohari ◽

Maryam Haghighi ◽

Hessam Jafari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

High Salt ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Rebaudioside A ◽

Tio2 Nps ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

High salt levels are one of the significant and major limiting factors on crop yield and productivity. Out of the available attempts made against high salt levels, engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely employed and considered as effective strategies in this regard. Of these NPs, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) and selenium functionalized using chitosan nanoparticles (Cs–Se NPs) were applied for a quite number of plants, but their potential roles for alleviating the adverse effects of salinity on stevia remains unclear. Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is one of the reputed medicinal plants due to their diterpenoid steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside A). For this reason, the current study was designed to investigate the potential of TiO2 NPs (0, 100 and 200 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (0, 10 and 20 mg L−1) to alleviate salt stress (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) in stevia. The findings of the study revealed that salinity decreased the growth and photosynthetic traits but resulted in substantial cell damage through increasing H2O2 and MDA content, as well as electrolyte leakage (EL). However, the application of TiO2 NPs (100 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (20 mg L−1) increased the growth, photosynthetic performance and activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased the contents of H2O2, MDA and EL under the saline conditions. In addition to the enhanced growth and physiological performance of the plant, the essential oil content was also increased with the treatments of TiO2 (100 mg L−1) and Cs–Se NPs (20 mg L−1). In addition, the tested NPs treatments increased the concentration of stevioside (in the non-saline condition and under salinity stress) and rebaudioside A (under the salinity conditions) in stevia plants. Overall, the current findings suggest that especially 100 mg L−1 TiO2 NPs and 20 mg L−1 Cs–Se could be considered as promising agents in combating high levels of salinity in the case of stevia.

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Comparative Assessment of the Basic Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Dried Leaves, Grown in Poland, Paraguay and Brazil—Preliminary Results

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11083634 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 3634

Author(s):

Teresa Leszczyńska ◽

Barbara Piekło ◽

Aneta Kopeć ◽

Benno F. Zimmermann

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

This study compares the content of basic nutrients (proteins, fats, digestible carbohydrates, dietary fiber and ash), steviol glycosides, selected antioxidants (vitamin C, total polyphenols) and antioxidant activity in dried leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni cultivated in Poland, Paraguay and Brazil and available in the direct sale. The basic chemical composition was determined by standard AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) methods. Content of steviol glycosides was determined by the UHPLC-UV chromatographic method. Total polyphenols content was expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and catechins equivalent (CE). Antioxidant activity was measured as ABTS●+ free radical scavenging activity. Dried leaves of S. rebaudiana grown in Poland had significantly higher contents of dietary fiber, and lower protein and ash content, compared to those derived from Paraguay and Brazil. The former had, however, considerably higher contents of total steviol glycosides, stevioside and rebaudioside D, compared to the remaining two plants. In the Paraguay-derived dried leaves, the content of rebaudioside A, C, E and rubusoside was found to be significantly lower. Dried leaves of S. rebaudiana Bertoni, cultivated in Poland, contained substantially more vitamin C and a similar content of total polyphenols, compared to those from Brazil and Paraguay. The examined material from Brazil and Paraguay plantations showed similar antioxidant activity, while that obtained from Polish cultivation was characterized by a significantly lower value of this parameter.

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Effect of the application of elicitors on the amount of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

2018 XIV International Engineering Congress (CONIIN) ◽

10.1109/coniin.2018.8489805 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ma. Cristina Vazquez-Hernandez ◽

Aurora Alvarado-Mariana ◽

Humberto Aguirre-Becerra ◽

Genaro Martin Soto-Zarazua ◽

Ana Angelica Feregrino-Perez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

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Comparison between Two Solid-Liquid Extraction Methods for the Recovery of Steviol Glycosides from Dried Stevia Leaves Applying a Numerical Approach

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr6080105 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Monica Gallo ◽

Andrea Formato ◽

Gaetano Formato ◽

Daniele Naviglio

Keyword(s):

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Value Added ◽

Numerical Approach ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Solid Liquid Extraction ◽

Solid Liquid

Abstract: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial shrub belonging to the Asteraceae family. The leaves contain a mixture of steviol glycosides with extraordinary sweetening properties, among which the most important are stevioside and rebaudioside A. These components have a high sweetening power, which is about 300 times that of sucrose, and a negligible calorie content. However, their extraction and purification are not easy. In this paper, the extraction technique under cyclic pressure, known as rapid solid-liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE), was compared using a Naviglio extractor (NE) with conventional maceration. The aim was to identify an efficient and economically viable method for obtaining high amounts of steviol glycosides in a short time. Furthermore, a numerical model was set up for the solid-liquid extraction process of value-added compounds from natural sources. Several parameters must be evaluated in relation to the characteristics of the parts of the plant subjected to extraction. Therefore, since diffusion and osmosis are highly dependent on temperature, it is necessary to control the temperature of the extraction system. On the other hand, the final aim of this work was to provide a scientific and quantitative basis for RSLDE. Therefore, the results obtained from stevia extracts using the corresponding mathematical model allowed hypothesizing the application of this model to the extraction processes of other vegetable matrices.

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Directional bioconversion and optimization of stevioside into rubusoside by Lelliottia sp. LST-1

10.22541/au.160562646.63682618/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jingyu Huang ◽

Ke Huang ◽

Jing Lin ◽

Hongwei Li ◽

Jiaqi Xin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

High Performance ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Food Additives ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽

Response Surface Optimization ◽

Biological Transformation

Steviol glycosides, mostly extracted from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, are non-caloric, safe natural sweeteners. Steviosides make up more than 50% of total steviol glycosides but possess a bitter aftertaste, which limits their application as food additives. Trace amounts of rubusosides are acceptable sweeteners, but their supply is limited. In this study, we screened an endophytic bacteria (Lelliottia LST-1) that can specifically convert stevioside into rubusoside and reach a conversion rate of 75.4% after response surface optimization. Potential β-glucosidases GH3-1, GH3-2, GH3-3, and GH3-4 based on whole genome sequencing were expressed and interacted with steviol glycosides to explore principle and process of biological transformation. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed that all enzymes hydrolyzed stevioside and generated rubusoside, but substrate specificity analysis indicated that GH3-2 is the most suitable choice for the durative, steady, and high-efficiency production of rubusoside

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