scholarly journals Antioxidant Evaluation and Polyphenol Contents of Hydro Ethanolic Extract’s Fractions from Ephedra nebrodensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Meriem Hamoudi ◽  
Djouher Amroun ◽  
Seddik Khennouf ◽  
Saliha Dahamna
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

Ephedra nebrodensis, is a medicinal plant, traditionally in Algeria used for the cure of various ailments such as hepatic disorders. On this basis in present study the phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity of various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) of ethanol extract obtained by maceration from aerial parts of E. nebrodensis were investigated. Different fractions were accessed for their yield percentage, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannins content (TTC) and antioxidant potential (DPPH - 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS - 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), reducing power assay (FRAP - ferric reducing antioxidant power activity),and bleaching of β-carotene test . Results showed that ethyl acetate fraction (EF) represents the highest amount of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins with 269.669 ± 0.031 µg gallic acid equivalent/mg of DE, 44.507 ± 0.003 µg quercetin equivalents/mg of DE and 228.487 ± 1.362 µg tannic acid equivalents/mg of DE, respectively. In antioxidant assays, ethyl acetate fractions (EF) showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS antioxidant (IC50: 0.009 and 0.004 µg/mL) and FRAP potential (EC50: 0.005 ± 0.000 µg/mL), which significantly correlate to its high content of polyphenolics, flavonoids and tannins. Further, fractions were rich in phenolic compounds. The present results support the possible use of the ethyl acetate fraction from E. nebrodensis in pharmaceutical industries as a natural antioxidant. Keywords: Ephedra nebrodensis, polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals of Minthostachys diffusa Epling and Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Daniela Russo ◽  
Lucia Chiummiento ◽  
Eloy Fernandez ◽  
Alka Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
In Silico Docking ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Health Promoting

The genus Minthostachys belonging to the Lamiaceae family, and is an important South American mint genus used commonly in folk medicine as an aroma in cooking. The phytochemical-rich samples of the aerial parts of Minthostachys diffusa Epling. were tested for pharmacological and health-promoting bioactivities using in vitro chemical and enzymatic assays. A range of radical scavenging activities of the samples against biological radicals such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion and against synthetic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and the lipid peroxidation inhibition were determined and ranked using the ‘relative antioxidant capacity index’ (RACI). The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest RACI of +1.12. Analysis of the various fractions’ inhibitory ability against enzymes involved in diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and against enzymes associated with Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) also suggested that the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction showed more than 30 polyphenolic compounds, including triterpenes. The inhibitory cholinesterase effects of the triterpenes identified from M. diffusa were further analysed by in silico docking of these compounds into 3D-structures of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. This is the first study on pharmacological activities and phytochemical profiling of the aerial parts of M. diffusa, showing that this plant, normally used as food in South America, is also rich in health-promoting phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of Extracts from Sarcocarp of Cotoneaster multiflorus

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Liu ◽  
Jia Jia ◽  
Xuemin Jing ◽  
Guoliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Water Fraction

The ethanol-water (7 : 3, v/v) extract of Cotoneaster multiflorus sarcocarp was sequentially fractionated by liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane, diethyl ether, methylene dichloride, and ethyl acetate. The contents of total polyphenols, total flavones, and oligomeric proanthocyanidins in the five parts (including the ethanol-water extract) were determined. In addition, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical-scavenging, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation decolorization, reducing power, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays were conducted to test the antioxidant activities of Sample 1 (the ethanol-water fraction) and Sample 2 (the ethyl acetate fraction) in vitro. In the above five assays, Sample 2 showed greater antioxidant capacities than Sample 1. Furthermore, Sample 2 was better able to protect low-density lipoproteins from oxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The test results show that C. multiflorus sarcocarp, especially the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, may be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Perilla frutescens Leaf Extract and Fractions: Polyphenol Composition, Antioxidant, Enzymes (α-Glucosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, and Tyrosinase) Inhibitory, Anticancer, and Antidiabetic Activities

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Wang ◽  
Zongcai Tu ◽  
Xing Xie ◽  
Hao Cui ◽  
Kin Weng Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Inhibitory Ability

This study aims to evaluate the bioactive components, in vitro bioactivities, and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of P. frutescens leaf, which is a traditional medicine-food homology plant. P. frutescens methanol crude extract and its fractions (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions, and aqueous phase residue) were prepared by ultrasound-enzyme assisted extraction and liquid–liquid extraction. Among the samples, the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the high total phenolic (440.48 μg GAE/mg DE) and flavonoid content (455.22 μg RE/mg DE), the best antioxidant activity (the DPPH radical, ABTS radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power were 1.71, 1.14, 2.40, 1.29, and 2.4 times higher than that of control Vc, respectively), the most powerful α-glucosidase inhibitory ability with the IC50 value of 190.03 μg/mL which was 2.2-folds higher than control acarbose, the strongest proliferative inhibitory ability against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell with the IC50 values of 37.92 and 13.43 μg/mL, which were considerable with control cisplatin, as well as certain inhibition abilities on acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase. HPLC analysis showed that the luteolin, rosmarinic acid, rutin, and catechin were the dominant components of the ethyl acetate fraction. Animal experiments further demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction could significantly decrease the serum glucose level, food, and water intake of streptozotocin-induced diabetic SD rats, increase the body weight, modulate their serum levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C, improve the histopathology and glycogen accumulation in liver and intestinal tissue. Taken together, P. frutescens leaf exhibits excellent hypoglycemic activity in vitro and in vivo, and could be exploited as a source of natural antidiabetic agent.

scholarly journals Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaves extracts of Ehretia pubescens

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6262-6267
Author(s):  
Krishnamoorthy Meenakumari ◽  
Giridharan Bupesh ◽  
Mayur Mausoom Phukan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

The foods from plants were known to ensure against degenerative diseases and maturing because of their antioxidant activitycredited to their high content. Information on antioxidant activity of Indian medicinal plant is abundant. To the best of our knowledge, biological properties have not been accounted in the literature for this species of . As a point, this is the first results to assess the anti-oxidant activity of the plant which belongs to the family . The antioxidant activity of Methanol, , Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts of E. was determined using the DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The DPPH scavenging activity showed higher activity observed in extract (63%) of E. than (54%), (44%) and aqueous (30%). the ABTS assay inhibition in extract (58%) than (43%), (38%) and aqueous (32%) extracts. The reducing power assay of different extracts was increased in extract (54%) than (40%), (34%) and aqueous (28%) extracts. Overall, the and ethyl acetate extract had higher antioxidant properties than other extract. However, in this study, extracts exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their nutritional and medicinal functions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Aristolochia longa Extracts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasreddine El Omari ◽  
Karima Sayah ◽  
Saad Fettach ◽  
Omar El Blidi ◽  
Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Oxidative stress plays a major role in diabetic physiopathology; hence, the interest of using natural antioxidants as therapeutic tools exists. The aim of this study was the evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity and inhibitory potential of organic extracts from Aristolochia longa roots against key enzymes linked to hyperglycemia. Antioxidant activity was performed using 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. The α-Glucosidase and β-Galactosidase inhibitory activities were investigated using an in vitro model. Moreover, phytochemical analysis of tested extracts was carried out. The aqueous fraction of this herb exhibited the highest antioxidant activity for both DPPH and ABTS methods, IC50=125.40±2.40 μg/mL and IC50=65.23±2.49 μg/mL, respectively. However, the ethyl acetate fraction possessed the strongest inhibitory effect towards α-Glucosidase (IC50=1.112±0.026 mg/mL). Furthermore, the result showed high levels of phenolic content. The results showed that this plant could be a significant source of medically important natural compounds.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Cedrus brevifolia Bark

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cretu ◽  
Juha-Pekka Salminen ◽  
Maarit Karonen ◽  
Anca Miron ◽  
Christiana Charalambous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

A raw extract and four extractive fractions were obtained from Cedrus brevifolia (Cyprus cedar) bark. They were all studied regarding the phenolic content and profile using spectrophotometry and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antioxidant activity was investigated using in vitro assays: DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging and reducing power assays. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents; a taxifolin-O-hexoside, catechin, epicatechin and procyanidin oligomers (three dimers, two trimers) were identified in this fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction was found to possess the highest DPPH and ABTS radicals scavenging effects (EC50=13.9 ± 0.3 and 2.3 ± 0.0 μg/mL, respectively) and reducing capacity (EC50=9.1 ±0.1 μg/mL). Antioxidant effects were highly correlated with total phenolic and proanthocyanidin contents (r=0.89-0.99). These results suggest that Cedrus brevifolia bark is a new source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Daya Reduksi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Aquilaria microcarpa, Aquilaria malaccensis, dan Aquilaria beccariana Terhadap Ion Ferri (Fe3+) dengan Metode FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liling Triyasmono ◽  
Beny Rahmanto ◽  
Wawan Halwany ◽  
Fajar Lestari ◽  
Muhammad Ikhwan Rizki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

ABSTRAK Daya reduksi merupakan salah satu indikator potensi aktivitas suatu senyawa sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan daya reduksi ekstrak etanol biji Aquilaria microcarpa, Aquilaria malaccensis, dan Aquilaria beccariana terhadap Ion Ferri (Fe3+). Serbuk kering biji A. microcarpa, A. malaccensis, dan A. beccariana dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Daya reduksi ditentukan dengan metode FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) yang didasarkan atas kemampuan senyawa dalam mereduksi senyawa besi(III)-tripiridil-triazin menjadi besi(II)-tripiridil triazin pada pH 3,6. Absorbansi diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 598 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol biji A. microcarpa, A. malaccensis, dan A. beccariana mempunyai daya reduksi berturut-turut sebesar 6,39±1,58; 119,95±28,04; dan 62,12±6,57 µM ekivalen troloks/g ekstrak. Kata kunci: biji, Aquilaria microcarpa, Aquilaria malaccensis, Aquilaria beccariana, FRAP ABSTRACT Reducing power is one indicator of potential antioxidant activity of a compound. This study aims to determine the reduction power of the ethanol extract of the seeds of Aquilaria microcarpa, Aquilaria malaccensis, and Aquilaria beccariana against Ferric ion (Fe3+). Dry powder of A. microcarpa, A. malaccensis, and A. beccariana seeds was macerated using 70% ethanol. Reducing power determined using FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) that is based on the ability of the compounds in reducing iron compounds (III) -tripiridil-triazine to iron (II) -tripiridil triazine at pH 3.6. The absorbance was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 598 nm. The results showed ethanol extract of seeds of A. microcarpa, A. malaccensis, and A. beccariana have reducing power of 6.39 ± 1.58; 119.95 ± 28.04; and 62.12 ± 6.57 µM troloks equivalents / g extract respectively. Key words: seeds, Aquilaria microcarpa, Aquilaria malaccensis, Aquilaria beccariana, FRAP

scholarly journals Screening Bioactivity of Kersen Fruits (Muntingia calabura L.) as a Sunscreens Candidate

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Syamsu Nur ◽  
Nursamsiar Nursamsiar ◽  
Muhammad Aswad ◽  
Aprilia Ester Eunike Tumigolung ◽  
Risfah Yulianti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Kersen (Muntingia calabura L) fruits have the potential to be used as an active ingredient in sunscreens because of phenolic and flavonoid content that can absorb UV rays. This study aims to determine the percentage of erythema/pigmentation transmission and SPF value as parameters for sunscreen activity.  Kersen fruits were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol. The ethanol extract of Kersen Fruits was also fractionated to separate the components of the active compounds based on the polarity level using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents. The test was carried out using the in vitro method by measuring the ability of the material to absorb ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 292.5-372.5 nm. This research was conducted at concentrations of 100, 200, 400, 600, and  800 µg/mL for ethanol, lyophilisate, n-hexane, and ethanol fractions, while the ethyl acetate fraction concentrations are 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 µg/mL. The results showed the best value at the ethyl acetate fraction concentration of 250 µg/mL with % Te of 5.28 and % Tp of 28.65 and the SPF value of 16.54. Based on the % Te and Tp, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited protection against erythema and pigmentation with the category of extra protection and based on the SPF value with the category of ultra protection.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of extracts, fractions and isolated substances from the flowers of Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunn. ex G. Don

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Alexandra de Andrade ◽  
João Luiz de Souza Carvalho ◽  
Miriam Machado Cunico ◽  
Ana Luísa Lacava Lordello ◽  
Carmen Etsuko Kataoka Higaskino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Total Phenol Content

The extracts and fractions from the flowers of A. podalyriifolia were analyzed previously for antibacterial activity using diffusion in disk, Antioxidant properties were evaluated by determining radical scavenging power (DPPH test) and total phenol content was measured (Folin method). The present study describes the in vitro antibacterial (determining minimum inhibitory concentration) and antioxidant activities (by thiobarbituric acid reactive species - TBARS method) for the ethanol extract, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions and two flavanones (naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin) isolated from the flowers of Acacia podalyriifolia A. Cunn. ex G. Don. The flavanones naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin had not previously been obtained from this species. The most effective antibacterial activity was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction (MIC=0.25 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, MIC = 0.125 mg mL-1 against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12229, MIC=0.5 mg mL-1 against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 43071). The evaluated samples showed antioxidant activity on the TBARS test, especially for ethanol extract (1000 ppm), which was the most active (29.43% ± 0.65) followed by ethyl acetate fraction (1000 ppm, 24.84% ± 1,28), both demonstrating higher activity than that presented by ascorbic acid (1000 ppm, 21.73% ± 1.77), although lower than the BHT (1000 ppm 35.15% ± 3.42), both reference compounds. Naringenin and 5-β-D-glycosyl-naringenin demonstrated antioxidant action, but only naringenin inhibited the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic Activity, and Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Phenol-Rich Extract from the Marine Red Algae Gracilaria edulis (Gmelin) Silva

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 3708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunathilaka ◽  
Samarakoon ◽  
Ranasinghe ◽  
Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Red Algae ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Gracilaria Edulis ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Obesity and diabetes are major metabolic disorders which are prevalent worldwide. Algae has played an important role in managing these disorders. In this study, Gracilaria edulis, a marine red algae, was investigated for antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential using in vitro models. De-polysaccharide methanol extract of G. edulis was sequentially partitioned with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and antioxidants, and hypoglycemic potentials were evaluated using multiple methods. High antioxidant potential was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction in terms of ferric reducing antioxidant power, iron chelating, and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, while the crude methanol extract exhibited potent oxygen radical-absorbance capacity. Potent α-amylase inhibitory activity was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction, while the ethyl acetate fraction was effective against α-glucosidase inhibition. Glucose diffusion was inhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction at 180 min, and the highest antiglycation activity was observed in both chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions. Additionally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction revealed the presence of several potent anti-diabetic compounds. In conclusion, G. edulis exhibited promising antidiabetic potential via multiple mechanisms. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the strongest hypoglycemic and antiglycation potential among the four fractions, and hence the isolation of active compounds is required to develop leads for new drugs to treat diabetes.

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