scholarly journals Epidemiological Comparison between Microsurgery and Embolization of Aneurysms in Brazil from 2010 to 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-174
Author(s):  
Matheus De Andrade Bannach ◽  
Mariana Lima Caetano ◽  
Caio Átila Saloio ◽  
José Édison Da Silva Cavalcante ◽  
Helioenai De Sousa Alencar
Keyword(s):  
Health Information System ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Endovascular Coiling ◽  
P Value ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Surgical Clipping ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: Intracerebral Aneurysms are important causes of morbidity and mortality, with mortality rate of up to 50%. Endovascular coiling was introduced as an alternative to surgical clipping, and has shown better results with a reduction in morbidity and mortality risk of 6-9%. Objective: To characterize the two types of treatment for intracerebral aneurysms within Brazilian scenario, and to compare the results with the international literature. Methods: An analytic observational study using data from the SIH / DATASUS (National Health Information System) in the period of 2010-2015. Results: The total number of hospitalizations decreased, with a 38.3% decrease in clipping and 18.4% in embolizations. The mean value of embolization was significantly higher, however, presenting a downward trend (R$ 22,011.37 in 2010 to R$ 15,607.18 in 2015), while the value of microsurgery increased (R$ 7,022.31 to R$ 8,645.28, respectively). Microsurgery was a risk factor for death (p-value <0.01). Conclusion: It has been shown that the international trend of transition from clipping to embolization did not occur in Brazil. The cost of embolization is much higher. For the authors, the death outcome contrasts with literature due to confounding factors that act within limitations of the study.

Correlation of AGR2 expression with the incidence of metastasis in luminal breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
David Samuel Kereh ◽  
John Pieter ◽  
William Hamdani ◽  
Haryasena Haryasena ◽  
Daniel Sampepajung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Luminal Breast Cancer ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spearman Test

BACKGROUND: AGR2 expression is associated with luminal breast cancer. Overexpression of AGR2 is a predictor of poor prognosis. Several studies have found correlations between AGR2 in disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in breast cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the correlation between anterior Gradient2 (AGR2) expression with the incidence of distant metastases in luminal breast cancer. METHODS: This study was an observational study using a cross-sectional method and was conducted at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital and the network. ELISA methods examine AGR2 expression from blood serum of breast cancer patients. To compare the AGR2 expression in metastatic patients and the non-metastatic patient was tested with Mann Whitney test. The correlation of AGR2 expression and metastasis was tested with the Rank Spearman test. RESULTS: The mean value of AGR2 antibody expression on ELISA in this study was 2.90 ± 1.82 ng/dl, and its cut-off point was 2.1 ng/dl. Based on this cut-off point value, 14 subjects (66.7%) had overexpression of AGR2 serum ELISA, and 7 subjects (33.3%) had not. The mean value AGR2 was significantly higher in metastatic than not metastatic, 3.77 versus 1.76 (p < 0.01). The Spearman rank test obtained a p-value for the 2 tail test of 0.003 (p < 0.05), which showed a significant correlation of both, while the correlation coefficient of 0.612 showed a strong positive correlation of AGR2 overexpression and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: AGR2 expression is correlated with metastasis in Luminal breast cancer.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Tissue Response to Modification of the Surface of Dental Implants with Carboxyethylphosphonic Acid and Basic Fibroblastic Growth Factor Immobilization (Fgf-2): An Experimental Study on Minipigs

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Javier Aragoneses ◽  
Ana Suárez ◽  
Nansi López-Valverde ◽  
Francisco Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Juan Manuel Aragoneses
Keyword(s):  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Contact ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant surface treatment with carboxyethylphosphonic acid and fibroblast growth factor 2 on the bone–implant interface during the osseointegration period in vivo using an animal model. The present research was carried out in six minipigs, in whose left tibia implants were inserted as follows: eight implants with a standard surface treatment, for the control group, and eight implants with a surface treatment of carboxyethylphosphonic acid and immobilization of FGF-2, for the test group. At 4 weeks after the insertion of the implants, the animals were sacrificed for the histomorphometric analysis of the samples. The means of the results for the implant–bone contact variable (BIC) were 46.39 ± 17.49% for the test group and 34.00 ± 9.92% for the control group; the difference was not statistically significant. For the corrected implant–bone contact variable (BICc), the mean value of the test group was 60.48 ± 18.11%, and that for the control group, 43.08 ± 10.77%; the difference was statistically significant (p-value = 0.035). The new bone formation (BV/TV) showed average results of 27.28 ± 3.88% for the test group and 26.63 ± 7.90% for the control group, meaning that the differences were not statistically significant (p-value = 0.839). Regarding the bone density at the interthread level (BAI/TA), the mean value of the test group was 32.27 ± 6.70%, and that of the control group was 32.91 ± 7.76%, with a p-value of 0.863, while for the peri-implant density (BAP/TA), the mean value of the test group was 44.96 ± 7.55%, and that for the control group was 44.80 ± 8.68%, without a significant difference between the groups. The current research only found a significant difference for the bone–implant contact at the cortical level; therefore, it could be considered that FGF-2 acts on the mineralization of bone tissue. The application of carboxyethylphosphonic acid on the surface of implants can be considered a promising alternative as a biomimetic coating for the immobilization of FGF-2. Despite no differences in the new bone formation around the implants or in the interthread or peri-implant bone density being detected, the biofunctionalization of the implant surface with FGF-2 accelerates the mineralization of the bone–implant interface at the cortical level, thereby reducing the osseointegration period.

Outcome of Corticosteroid Injection in De Quervain's Tenosynovitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3288-3292
Author(s):  
Wahid Bakhsh ◽  
Asad Ullah Jan ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Naveed Iqbal ◽  
Muzafar Hussain Buriro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Triamcinolone Acetonide ◽  
Corticosteroid Injection ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
P Value ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
De Quervain’S Tenosynovitis ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
The Mean

Background: De Quervain's tenosynovitis is a painful and swollen stenosing tenosynovitis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. After analysing the patient's medical history and doing a physical examination, a diagnosis is made. Finkelstein's test is almost always positive. Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of local corticosteroid injections in the treatment of de Quervain's tenosynovitis. Material & Methods: The study enrolled fifty patients with De Querven's Tenosynovitis. NSAIDs were provided orally and topically to all patients for an average of six weeks with no obvious improvement. Using a visual analogue scale, it was determined how much soreness would be felt in the first dorsal compartment and how much pain would be felt during the Finkelstein test. The edoema was removed by injecting a mixture of 1 mL (10 mg) triamcinolone-acetonide and 1 mL of 1% lidocain hydrochloride into the affected wrist's first dorsal compartment. They were subsequently examined every two weeks for twenty-four weeks. After a local triamcinolone acetonide injection, pain and discomfort on the radial side of the wrist were alleviated, and a negative Finkelstein test was done. Results: The mean age among the patients was 36.6 years with 12.4 SD. The maximum age was 60 years and the minimum age was 25 years old. The duration of symptoms in 4-8 weeks was observed, the mean value was 6 weeks with 1.4 as SD the minimum duration recorded was 4 weeks with 8 weeks as maximum duration. At the start of the week of appearance of symptoms the pain score was 6.44 with 1.6 as SD. The minimum pain score was 4 and maximum pain score was 8. Pain score at 4 weeks was 0.66 with 1.6 as SD. As per the independent t-test the p value was less than 0.05 so the test was significant statistically. Conclusion: One or two local steroid injections in the first dorsal compartment can give considerable pain and inflammation alleviation in people with de Quervain's tenosynovitis.

scholarly journals Role of Chemical Biomarkers in Prediction of Intra-Amniotic Infection in Cases with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane, Observational Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
P Value ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction: Early recognition of subclinical intra-amniotic infection before development of clinical Chorioamnionitis dramatically improve neonatal outcome before affection of fetal neurological function. Objective: this study was conducted to evaluate the role of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 in early prediction of intrauterine infection in pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes. Methods: This observational prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM), Patients were divided into 2 groups: Group I: with normal CRP and WBCs level. Group2: with subclinical infection which was detected by elevated WBCs count >15,000 c/mm3 and / or positive CRP. This group was divided into two groups (Group (II) and Group (III) according to development of Chorioamnionitis. follow up of these patients was done to detect the cutoff value of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 as a predictive indicator of clinical intra-amniotic infection in patients with premature rupture of membrane. Results: This study showed that the mean value of maternal serum PCT concentration was higher in patients with clinical infection than its concentration in patients without infection or with subclinical infection with P-value 0.0001 which is highly significant between the studied cases and with cutoff value was >0.67ng/ml, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV was 88.7%, 42.9%, 79.7% and 60% respectively and the mean value of maternal serum IL-6 concentration was also higher in patients with clinical infection than its concentration in patients without infection or with subclinical infection with P-value 0.001which is highly significant between the studied cases and with cutoff value was >11.1pg/ ml, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV was 67.9%, 61.9%, 81.8% and 43.3% respectively. Conclusion: maternal serum procalcitonin is a good predictor of clinical intra-amniotic infection with good sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV which is nearly good as CRP which is better than serum interleukin-6 regarding sensitivity

scholarly journals Observations on radiological correction of acetabular dysplasia by Dega transiliac osteotomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1991
Author(s):  
Wazir Fahad Jan ◽  
Sanjay Sarup ◽  
Mohd Yahya Dar ◽  
Alamgir Jahan ◽  
Ovais Nazir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Acetabular Dysplasia ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
P Value ◽  
Preoperative Period ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paediatric Orthopaedic ◽  
Age Range

Background: Several osteotomies have been described for the correction of acetabular dysplasia associated with variable outcomes. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of Dega transiliac osteotomy in radiological correction of acetabular dysplasia by assessing the change in various radiological parameters from preoperative period to postoperative period and at a follow up of two years.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on 35 patients of either sex, in the age range of 18 months to 8 years, presenting to the paediatric orthopaedic OPD, of Artemis Health Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India between January 2012 and September 2014 in whom a diagnosis of acetabular dysplasia was made. All the patients underwent Dega transiliac osteotomy and the effectiveness of this osteotomy in the correction of acetabular dysplasia was assessed by measuring various radiological parameters preoperatively, postoperatively, and at a follow up of two years. The various radiological parameters included acetabular index (AI), centre edge angle of wiberg (CEAW), reimer’s extrusion index (REI) and the shenton’s line (SL).Results: In present study sample of 35 cases, 29 had DDH, 4 were secondary to cerebral palsy and 2 had developed dysplasia following septic arthritis of the hip. The sex distribution showed 19 females and 16 male patients. All the patients underwent Dega transiliac osteotomy at a mean age of 42.94±21.68 months. The mean value of AI improved from 42.43±4.77 degrees in preoperative period to 19.86±2.45 degrees at follow up. The mean value of CEAW improved from - 32.49±21.60 degrees in preoperative period to 32.06±5.48 degrees at follow up. The mean value of REI, improved from 91.06±21.43 % in preoperative period to 0.29±1.18 % at follow up. The SL was broken in all the 35 patients preoperatively, while at follow up it was continuous in all the patients. These changes in all the four parameters were statistically highly significant (p value<0.001).Conclusions: Thus results of present study demonstrate that Dega osteotomy is a safe, effective and versatile surgical procedure for the treatment of acetabular dysplasia secondary to DDH and other disorders. Since the majority of the patients included in this study had the diagnosis of DDH, the results of this study are more representative of dysplasia associated with DDH.

scholarly journals Mapping access to food in a deprived area: the development of price and availability indices

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela JM Donkin ◽  
Elizabeth A Dowler ◽  
Simon J Stevenson ◽  
Sheila A Turner
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Availability Index ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Gis Software

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and map indices to illustrate variation in the cost and availability of healthy food.DesignTwo contiguous wards in London were selected by virtue of their high Carstairs deprivation scores. A 2-km area was defined around a randomly chosen central point. All retail outlets selling food within the area were visited and their location recorded. A list of foods, acceptable to the local ethnically diverse population, which met current dietary guidelines, was devised. Data on the availability and price of 71 food items were collected. Indices were developed using SPSS and mapped using Geographic Information System (GIS) software.ResultsInformation on availability and prices were collected from 199 outlets. The mean price index shows how expensive a shop is relative to other shops in the area. The least cost index shows the relative expense of a shop using the cheapest ways of buying their range of foods. Shorthand indices were tested, using data on 19 of the 71 prices. Availability indices are also discussed, including a green availability index and a fresh green availability index. Illustrative maps of the shop locations and the mean price index and fresh green availability index are shown.ConclusionsData can be collected and indices developed which indicate geographic variation in shop ‘expensiveness’, and in the price and availability of healthy food. GIS software can be used to map these indices, to identify areas with high food prices or low availability.

Pie Crust Technique of the Deep Medial Collateral Ligament in Knee Arthroscopy: Ultrasound and Anatomic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (08) ◽  
pp. 764-769
Author(s):  
Guillem Claret-Garcia ◽  
Jordi Montañana-Burillo ◽  
Eduard Tornero-Dacasa ◽  
Manel Llusá-Pérez ◽  
Dragos Popescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medial Collateral Ligament ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Saphenous Nerve ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis article determines compartment opening of the medial articular space of the knee after pie crust (PC) technique of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) by ultrasound measurements and anatomic dissection. This is a cadaveric study of 12 specimens. Four anatomic references were marked on the skin. Distances between the femur and tibia in the internal compartment at 30 degrees of flexion were obtained with ultrasound measurements in four situations: with and without applying valgus force both prior and after the PC technique. Ultrasound measurements of the medial articular compartment were made twice and mean value was calculated. An anatomical dissection was performed and distances between the puncture marks and the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve was measured. Lilliefors test of normality was applied and variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD). Qualitative variables were expressed by absolute frequencies and percentages. Statistical significance was a two-tailed p-value of < 0.05. Prior to the PC technique, mean (SD) distance between the femur and tibia in the medial compartment were 14.2 (4.0) mm in basal conditions and 17.1 (3.7) mm when applying valgus force (p = 0.003). PC technique increased the mean (SD) distance by 1.9 (1.9) mm under basal conditions (p < 0.01) and 2.9 (1.6) mm when applying valgus force (p < 0.01). The infrapatellar branches of the saphenous nerve were not damaged and the mean (SD) distance between the punctures and the nerve was 9.0 (3.3) mm. The PC is a reproducible, safe, and measurable surgical technique that opens controllably the medial compartment. PC as described avoided damage to the nerve branches.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Associated with COVID-19 Infection in Hormozgan Province, Iran Between January 24 to June 10, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadolah Fakhri ◽  
Ali Mouseli ◽  
Mehdi Hassani Azad ◽  
Zahra Mastaneh ◽  
Mansour Sarafraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Muscle Pain ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pain Symptom ◽  
Partial Pressure Of Oxygen ◽  
Using Data

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection has been widespread. Objectives: We aim to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with COVID-19 infection between January 24 to June 10, 2020. Methods: All data related to tested patients (positive and negative cases) were extracted from the integrated health information system (IHIS) between January 24 to June 10, 2020. Statistical analyses were performed using data related to the anamnesis of all patients, odds ratios (OR) of COVID-19 infection in defined subgroups including contact history, partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) higher than 93 mmHg, the muscle-pain symptom, the cough symptom, and the fever symptom. Results: The COVID-19 infection was significantly associated with contact history (OR 5.25, [95% CI 4.35 to 6.34], P-value < 0.0001); PO2 higher than 93 mmHg (OR 1.74 [95% CI 1.44 to 2.22], P-value < 0.0001); muscle-pain symptom (OR 1.89 [95% CI 1.58 to 2.26], P-value < 0.0001); cough symptom (OR 1.32 [95% CI 1.14 to 1.53], P-value < 0.0001); and fever symptom (OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.11 to 1.49], P-value = 0.0004). Conclusions: The results of our study indicated that contact with patients or suspicious individuals can be considered as the most important symptoms of COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, the high pressure of oxygen, muscle-pain, cough, and fever symptoms were identified as considerable symptoms of COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals Experimental Estimation of Moderator Temperature Coefficient of the IPEN-MB-01 Reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2B) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubens Cavalcante Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Coefficient ◽  
Reactor Core ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Rectangular Array ◽  
Neutron Reflection ◽  
Experimental Estimation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Reactivity

The aim of this article is to present the procedure for the experimental estimation of the Moderator Temperature Coefficient of Reactivity of the IPEN/MB-01 Research Reactor, a parameter that has an important role in the physics and the control operations of any reactor facility. At the experiment, the IPEN/MB-01 reactor went critical at the power of 1W (1% of its total power), and whose core configuration was 28x26 rectangular array of UO2 fuel rods, inside a light water (moderator) tank. In addition, there was a heavy water (D2O) reflector installed in the West side of the core to obtain an adequate neutron reflection along the experiment. The moderator temperature was increased in steps of 4oC, and the measurement of the mean moderator temperature was acquired using twelve calibrated thermocouples, placed around the reactor core. As a result, the mean value of -4.81 pcm/°C was obtained for such coefficient. The curves of ρ(T) (Reactivity x Temperature) and  (Moderator Temperature Coefficient of Reactivity x Temperature) were developed using data from an experimental measurement of the integral reactivity curves through the Stable Period and Inverse Kinetics Methods, that was carried out at the reactor with the same core configuration. Such curves were compared and showed a very similar behavior between them.

scholarly journals Gambaran kadar hemoglobin pasien pra dan pasca operasi seksio sesarea yang tidak mendapat transfusi darah

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herry Y. Tia ◽  
Lucky T. Kumaat ◽  
Diana Ch. Lalenoh
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

Abstract: The occurence of increased or decreased levels of hemoglobin of post-caesarean patients depends on the intake of nutrients during pregnancy, bleeding, and anemia. In case of massive and life-threatening bleeding during the caesarean section, blood transfusion has to be administered to revive the patient in critical condition. This study was aimed to obtain the patients’ levels of hemoglobin in either pre- and post-operative caesarean section without blood transfusion. This was a retrospective descriptive study using data of medical records at the Installation of Medical Record Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from September 2015 to August 2016. There were 32 patients in this study. The result showed that the mean values of pre-operative Hb was 12.4 g/dL and of post-operative Hb was 11.5 g/dL with a difference of 0.9 g/dL. Decreased levels of hemoglobin occured in 28 patients. It is discerned that the mean value of pre-operative Hb was 12.4 g/dL while of post-operative Hb was 11.3 g/dL with a difference of 1.1 g/dL. Furthermore, increased levels of hemoglobin occured in 4 patients, showing that the mean value of pre-operative Hb was 12.1 g/dLwhereas of post-operative Hb was 12.5 g/dL with a difference of 0.4 g/dL. Based on the characteristics of pregnant women, 23 cases (71.9%), were in the age group of 20-35 years; 18 cases (56.3%) of hemorrhage of 500-1000 ml; and 25 cases (78.1%) of 6-10 days length of hospitalization. Conclusion: In this study, there was increased as well as decreased hemoglobin levels in caesarean patients who were not administered blood transfusion during surgery.Keywords: hemoglobin, caesarean section, blood transfusion Abstrak: Terjadinya peningkatan maupun penurunan kadar hemoglobin pada operasi seksio sesarea tergantung pada asupan zat-zat nutrisi saat kehamilan, perdarahan, dan anemia. Jika terjadi perdarahan hebat selama operasi seksio sesarea berlangsung yang mengakibatkan penurunan kadar hemoglobin mendekati batasan untuk dilakukan transfusi darah, maka transfusi darah diberikan untuk menolong pasien pada kondisi kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar hemoglobin pasien pra dan pasca operasi seksio sesarea yang tidak mendapat transfusi darah. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medik pasien seksio sesarea di Instalasi Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode September 2015 sampai Agustus 2016. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan 32 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Nilai mean kadar Hb pra 12,4 g/dL dan kadar Hb pasca 11,5 g/dL dengan selisih 0,9 g/dL. Penurunan kadar hemoglobin terdapat pada 28 pasien dengan nilai mean kadar Hb pra 12,4 g/dL dan kadar Hb pasca 11,3 g/dL (selisih 1,1 g/dL). Peningkatan kadar hemoglobin terdapat pada 4 pasien dengan nilai mean kadar Hb pra 12,1 g/dL dan kadar Hb pasca 12,5 g/dL (selisih 0,4 g/dL). Karakteristik ibu hamil didapatkan terbanyak kelompok usia 20-35 tahun berjumlah 23 kasus (71,9%), perdarahan 500-1000 cc berjumlah 18 kasus (56,3%), dan lama rawat inap 6-10 hari berjumlah 25 kasus (78,1%). Simpulan: Pada pasien operasi seksio sesarea yang tidak mendapat transfusi darah dapat terjadi penurunan maupun peningkatan kadar hemoglobin. Kata kunci: hemoglobin, seksio sesarea, transfusi darah

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