scholarly journals SANKSI ADAT BAGI PELAKU KEKERASAN FISIK DITINJAU MENURUT HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul ◽  
Jamhuri ◽  
Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Expenses ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Other Hand

Physical abuse is an act causing pain and injury to one's body. Today, there is a customary criminal law regulating the sanctions for the perpetrators of physical abuse, namely in Kampung Taman  Firdaus. However, the customary sanctions are significantly different from the penalties stipulated in Islamic law and positive law. The differences in the type and the rate of sanctions will have consequences on the purpose of a law formation. Therefore, this study examined the regulations of criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of physical abuse in Kampung Taman Firdaus. The results of this study concluded that the customary sanctions of physical abuse in Kampung Taman Firdaus were the fine of one goat for head injuries with blood flowing, and the penalty of one chicken for head injuries without blood flowing. On the other hand, for the physical abuse other than on the head and face, the customary sanction is only to pay medical expenses until the victim is healed,  and this sanction is not in line with Islamic criminal law. Abstrak: Kekerasan fisik adalah suatu tindakan yang  mengakibatkan rasa sakit dan terluka pada tubuh seseorang. Dewasa ini terdapat sebuah hukum pidana Adat  yang mengatur sanksi bagi pelaku kekerasan fisik yaitu di Kampung Taman  Firdaus. Namun pada sanksi Adat tersebut terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap hukuman yang diatur dalam hukum Islam dan hukum positif, dengan perbedaan dari jenis sanksi serta bobot sanksi tersebut akan berkonsekuensi pada tujuan dibentuknya suatu hukum. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini ingin melihat bagaimana ketentuan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku kekerasan fisik dalam Adat Kampung Taman Firdaus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa sanksi adat Kampung Taman Firdaus mengenai kekerasan fisik yaitu denda satu ekor kambing untuk luka di kepala yang darahnya mengalir, dan denda satu ekor ayam untuk luka di kepala yang darahnya keluar tidak mengalir. Sedangkan kekerasan fisik dengan objek selain kepala dan wajah sanksi adatnya ialah hanya membayar biaya pengobatan saja sampai sembuh, dan sanksi adat pada bagian ini tidak sesuai dengan hukum pidana Islam. Kata kunci : Sanksi Adat, kekerasan fisik, dan Hukum  Pidana Islam.

فلسفة العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الوضعي عرض وموازنة Exposition and Comparison of the Philosophy of Punishment in Islamic and Positive Laws

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
عبد المجيد قاسم عبد المجيد (Qasim Abdulmajid) ◽  
محمد ليبا (Liba)
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New School ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Philosophy Of Punishment ◽  
Emerging Issues

تناولت هذه الورقة فلسفة العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية، وفلسفتها في القانون الوضعي، وتمت الموازنة بين الفلسفتين، وخلص العرض والموازنة إلى نتائج ملخصها أن مسألة عصمة الشريعة وسموها تعد علامة فارقة بين الشريعة الإسلامية والقانون الوضعي، هذه العلامة نتج عنها فروق كثيرة أولها أن العقوبة في التشريع الوضعي تكون تابعةً للهدف، فالهدف يوضع أولاً ثم تصاغ على ضوئه العقوبة، ولذلك كلما ظهرت مدرسةٌ جديدةٌ تؤسس لفكرٍ جديدٍ ظهر اختلافٌ في التشريع العقابي. بينما النظام العقابي الإسلامي ثابتٌ ومعصوم، وقد وُجدت الحاجة إلى معرفة أهدافه وفلسفته ليتسنى السير على مقتضاها فيما يستجد من وقائع، وأن سمو فلسفة العقوبة في الشريعة الإسلامية ينبع من سمو مصدرها، فواضع هذه العقوبات هو خالق البشر. بينما العقوبة في القانون الوضعي تعتمد في فلسفتها على خبرة واضعيها، وهي خبرة محدودة وأحكامها نسبية، لذا كان تطبيق العقوبات الشرعية أجدر حتى وإن لم يُدرَك كنه هذه العقوبات وفلسفتها. الكلمات الرئيسية: فلسفة العقوبة، القانون الإسلامي، القانون الوضعي، التشريع العقابي.******************************In this paper light is shed on the philosophy of punishment in Islamic and positive laws and a comparison between them is accomplished. In brief, the conclusion of the exposition and comparison is that issue of infallibility of SharÊ‘ah and its nobleness are the distinguishing marks between Islamic and positive laws. This led to further differences. The first difference is that the punishment in positive laws is in accordance with the stipulated goal, that is, the goal is set first and then the punishment is formulated in that light. That is why whenever any new school of thought appears based on some ideology, differences emerge in punitive legislation. Islamic penal system is, however, immutable and infallible. There is a need to know its objectives and wisdom so as to in order to tackle new emerging issues. The nobility of the philosophy of punishment in Islamic law stems from the nobility of its source and that is no one but the Creator of human beings. The punishment in the positive law, on the other hand, relies on the philosophy that is based on the experiences of the authors of these laws. And these experiences are limited and their rulings are relativistic. Applying Islamic legal punishments are, therefore, more legitimate, even though their essence and philosophy are not fully grasped.Key words: Philosophy of Punishment, Islamic Law, Positive Law, Punitive Legislation.

scholarly journals HUKUM ISLAM DALAM KERANGKA PEMBARUAN HUKUM PIDANA DI INDONESIA, DILIHAT DARI PERSPEKTIF TEORI HUKUM PEMBANGUNAN MOCHTAR KUSUMAATMADJA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Aris Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Other Hand

<p><em>Development Law Theory refers to the life view (way of life) of Indonesian society based on the principle of Pancasila which encourages kinship then to norms, principles, institutions and rules. Updating laws is part of and at the same time implements punishment. Islamic Judicial Law, specifically concerning Role Law, stoning law for adulterers, as well as qishash, often gets a sharp spotlight from Non-Islamic societies such as Orientalists, as well as research, principles, legal laws and others required in the substance of the Criminal Code, actually regulated and applied in Islamic Law. On the other hand Islamic law in transition is not as rigid as imagined by Orientalists, but is instead flexible and can be used as a source of renewal of the National Criminal Law.</em></p>

Strafzwecke und Strafrecht

1989 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Rolf-Peter Calliess
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Technological Society ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Criminal Matters

AbstractThe development of criminal law in the ))Society of risks« proves a transition from liberal and constitutional to social and authoritarian criminallaw as criminal matters are integrated into positive law and gain priority over it. The constitution-oriented model of criminallaw as a complex interrelationship between citizens (protection laws for citizens) and the state (defensive law, power monopoly) is re-interpreted to a one-dimensionallegal relationship characterized by punishment being carried out by the state.On the other hand it must be stressed that in the scientific and technological society democracy can no Ionger retain its validity as a form of rule, only as a way of life. Given this precondition criminallaw is aiming at protecting the rights to communication and participation in the society which is based on a basic law.

scholarly journals The Features of Crime of Threat in the Iran and US Criminal Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
International Instruments

Threat is one of behaviors which punishment is considered for it in the criminal law of Iran and US. The importance of investigating on crime of threat is where, persons and civilians in accordance with domestic laws and international instruments have the very important right as “freedom of speech” and the mentioned right violation is accompanied by criminal sanctions, on the other hand, some words or committing a specific behavior by them and according the same rules is banned and considered as is criminal threats. Nevertheless, laws of both countries have adopted different approaches in regards to terms of realization of the crime and its various manifestations. Knowing the characteristics of the crime play a significant role in explaining and analyzing criminal behavior and compliance with legal cases. Some of these features in the laws of both countries explicitly and others have been stated implicitly. The lack of clear rules regarding certain characteristics of the threat, made it difficult that jurists, judges and lawyers to understand these features. Therefore, in this paper determine the characteristics of the threat in the Iran an US law. 

scholarly journals ‎ASAS MANFAAT SANKSI PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN DALAM HUKUM PIDANA NASIONAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Noercholis Cholis Noercholis Rapid A
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Principle Of Justice ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis study discusses diyat‎ comparison of criminal sanctions in criminal law. This study aims to determine the essence of criminal sanctions for murder in positive law and Islamic criminal law.This type of research is library research using data that are qualitative (non-statistical). This research is a review of the written works of legal experts, both Islamic law and national law. Normative theological approach, which is the approach used by referring to laws that originate from the Quran and Hadith and the juridical approach, that is, the approach used by referring to the applicable laws.This research implies that criminal sanctions for murder in national criminal law contain two principles, namely the principle of certainty and the principle of justice does not contain the principle of benefit, in this case, the benefit for the victim's family. Whereas Islamic criminal law contains all three principles because it provides maslahah for the victims' families.Keywords: Benefits; Criminal; The killing.AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang diyat perbandingan sanksi pidana dalam hukum pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui esensi dari sanksi pidana pembunuhan dalam hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam.            Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (Library research) dengan menggunakan data-data yang bersifat kualitatif (non statistic). Penelitian ini merupakan penelaahan terhadap karya-karya tertulis dari para ahli hukum, baik hukum Islam maupun hukum nasional. Pendekaatan teologis normatif, yaitu pendekatan yang digunakan dengan merujuk pada hukum-hukum yang bersumber pada al-Qur’an dan Hadis dan pendekatan yuridis, yakni pendekatan yang digunakan dengan merujuk pada kitab perundang-undangan yang berlaku.            Implikasi penelitian ini bahwa sanksi pidana bagi pembunuhan dalam hukum pidana nasioan mengandung dua asas yaitu asas kepastian dan asas keadilan tidak mengandung asas manfaat dalam hal ini manfaat bagi keluarga korban. Sedangkan dalam hukum pidana Islam mengandung ketiga asas tersebut karena memberikan maslahah kepada keluarga korban.Kata Kunci: Manfaat, Pidana, Pembunuhan

KONSTRUKSI ISLAM DALAM KEKUASAAN NEGARA

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Musyarofah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good Society ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Islamic Politics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

The relationship between Islam and state raises a controversy that includes two main groups;formalists and substantialists. Both of them intend to achieve a good social condition which is inaccordance with Islamic politics. The ideal form of good society to be achieved is principallydescribed in the main source of Islamic law, Al Qur’an and As Sunnah, as follows. A form of goodsociety should supprot equality and justice, egalitarianism, and democracy in its social community.The next problem is what the needed methods and instruments to achieve the ideal Islamic politicsare. In this case, the debate on the formalization and substance of Islamic teaching is related to therunning formal political institution.Each group claims itself to be the most representative to the ideal Islam that often leads to anescalating conflict. On the other hand thr arguments of both groups does not reach the wholeMuslims. As a result, the discourse of Islam and state seems to be elitist and political. As a result,Both groups suspect each other each other and try to utilize the controversy on the relationshipbetween Islam and state to get their own benefit which has no relation with the actualization ofIslamic teaching.

Distinction between Dolus and Culpa with reference to Arson in Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Haman ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

The difference between intent (dolus) and negligence (culpa) was rarely emphasized in codified medieval laws and regulations. When compared to the legal statements related to intent, negligence was mentioned even more rarely. However, there are some laws that distinguished between the two concepts in terms of some specific crimes, such as arson. This paper draws attention to three medieval Slavic legal documents – the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem (ZSLJ), the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj. They are compared with reference to regulations regarding arson, with the focus being on arson as a crime committed intentionally or out of negligence. The ZSLJ as the oldest known Slavic law in the world shows some similarities with other medieval Slavic legal codes, especially in the field of criminal law, since most of the ZSLJ’s articles are related to criminal law. On the other hand, the Vinodol Law is the oldest preserved Croatian law and it is among the oldest Slavic codes in the world. It was written in 1288 in the Croatian Glagolitic script and in the Croatian Chakavian dialect. The third document – the Statute of Senj – regulated legal matters in the Croatian littoral town of Senj. It was written in 1388 – exactly a century after the Vinodol Law was proclaimed. When comparing the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj with the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, there are clear differences and similarities, particularly in the field of criminal law. Within the framework of criminal offenses, the act of arson is important for making a distinction between intent and negligence. While the ZSLJ regulates different levels of guilt, the Vinodol Law makes no difference between dolus and culpa. On the other hand, the Statute of Senj strictly refers to negligence as a punishable crime. Even though the ZSLJ is almost half a millennium older than the Statute of Senj and around 400 years older than the Vinodol Law, this paper proves that the ZSLJ defines the guilt and the punishment for arson much better than the other two laws.

scholarly journals ARABIC: تغيير الفتوى بمقتضيات الزمان والمكان

rahatulquloob ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Dr. Abdul Wadood Abed ◽  
Dr. Hedayatullah Modaqiq
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The One

Islamic law, by having features in its principles that are fixed and variable, expresses its authority in any situation and time. Of course, this feature reflects the unique legislative miracle of Islam itself. The source of Islamic law is divine and heavenly, so it has always descended directly through the revelation of Allah Almighty, the Lord of the worlds, and has been arranged according to His wisdom and providence and has been considered in the context of time and place according to their nature and needs. Changing of a fatwa is the change of one rule in a specific issue to another one along with a Sharia cause that agrees with the aims and purposes of the Sharia. Therefore, there is no change in the prescribed rules and the fixed principles of Shari, but Ijtihad, Qiyas and expedient rules can be changed; Because there are many rulings that have been permitted for expediency, after the passage of time and the change of place have led to corruption, which again has become impermissible. The rule of fatwa changing has been valid in the Sharia; Because, on the one hand, the Companions and their followers have used it in their ijtihad fatwas, and on the other hand, Islamic jurisprudence is a developmental debate that progresses together with the caravan of life, no awareness of the demands of time, place and scientific development is synonymous with depriving the Islamic Ummah from virtues and facilities of life, so it is necessary that the change of the fatwa has to be compatible to the change of expediencies, otherwise it will lead to corruption and harm. Statement of the problem: The Islamic jurists have divided the Islamic rules into fixed and variable. This means that the prescribed laws, which are in harmony with meek nature, do not accept changes but the rules which are based on ijtihad can be changed. The discussion of changing the fatwa and its temporal and spatial factors is one of the important issues of jurisprudence that scholars have paid attention to and therefore the answer to these two questions is necessary for the researcher whether changing the fatwa is permissible? Are the requirements of time and place effective in its changing?

scholarly journals PENERAPAN E-COURT DALAM PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA UMUM DALAM PRESPEKTIF HUKUM PROGRESIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ari Hani Saputri
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Civil State ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Corona Virus

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This article tries to discuss the implementation of e-court in general criminal cases. In fact, Perma Number 1 Year 2019 does not include criminal cases. This is because Perma Number 1 of 2019 only allows general civil, family civil, state administrative, and military administrative matters. However, with the corona virus outbreak making the implementation of criminal cases into an online trial, this has a positive impact in the form of a breakthrough for the litigation world due to the existence of e-court, it can be predicted to decrease costs for the trial, but on the other hand there are weaknesses, namely not yet arranged e court for criminal cases. To find a way out, the authors recommend implementing progressive law to fill the legal vacuum while waiting for a positive law that accommodates the implementation of e-court</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong>: </strong><em>E-court, General Criminal Case, Progressive Law</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Artikel ini mencoba untuk membahas mengenai pelaksaan <em>e-court</em> dalam perkara pidana umum. Sejatinya, dalam Perma Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 tidak mengikutsertakan perkara pidana. Hal ini dikarenakan Perma Nomor 1 Tahun 2019 hanya memperbolehkan perkara perdata umum, perdata keluarga, tata usaha negara, tata usaha militer. Namun dengan adanya wabah virus korona membuat pelaksaan perkara pidana menjadi sidang secara online, hal ini membawa dampak positif berupa terobosan untuk dunia litigasi dikarenakan dengan adanya <em>e-court</em> maka dapat diprediksikan menurunnya biaya untuk persidangan, namun dilain sisi terdapat kelemahan, yaitu belum diaturnya pelaksanaan <em>e-court</em> untuk perkara pidana. Untuk mencari jalan keluarnya maka penulis menganjurkan diterapkannya hukum progresif untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum sambil menunggu adanya sebuah hukum positif yang mengakomodasi pelaksanaan <em>e-court</em>.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong><em>E-court</em>, Perkara Pidana Umum, Hukum Progresif</p>

scholarly journals TINJAUAN TENTANG SISTEM PEMIDANAAN DALAM PERBARENGAN TINDAK PIDANA MENURUT KUHP

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi ◽  
Abdul Rahman Salman Paris
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Joint Crime

This study discusses the forms of crime in the context of criminal acts or the comparison of criminal acts (same loop) that occur in society. This happens where one person commits a crime, but it is not uncommon for one person to commit several functional crimes at the same time in the same place. On the other hand, there is also one person who determines the number of crimes at different times in different locations which in criminal law is known as the term of criminal acts or sharing criminal acts (same loop) or in Dutch is same loop van Strafbare Feiten. This study uses a normative method using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are three forms of criminal acts namely Concursus Idialis, continuing actions and realist Concursus while the penal system in the proportion of criminal acts can be applied to three methods, namely Stelsel absorption, cumulative Stelsel, and limited cumulative Stelsel.Keywords: criminal code; criminal system; joint crime. AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang bentuk-bentuk kejahatan perbarengan perbuatan pidana atau perbarengan tindak pidana (samenloop) yang terjadi di dalam masyarakat. Hal tersebut bisa terjadi dimana satu orang melakukan satu kejahatan tapi tidak jarang terjadi satu orang melakukan beberapa kejahatan baik dalam waktu yang sama di tempat yang sama. Disisi lain, ada juga satu orang yang melakukan beberapa kejahatan pada waktu yang berbeda di tempat yang berbeda pula yang dalam hukum pidana dikenal dengan istilah perbarengan perbuatan pidana atau perbarengan tindak pidana (samenloop) atau dalam bahasa belanda ialah sameloop van strafbare feiten. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif, dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga bentuk perbarengan tindak pidana yaitu concursus idialis, perbuatan berlanjut dan concursus realis sedangkan sistem pemidanaan dalam perbarengan tindak pidana dapat diterapkan tiga stelsel yaitu stelsel absorpsi, stelsel kumulasi dan stelsel kumulasi terbatas.Kata kunci: KUHP; sistem pemidanaan; perbarengan tindak pidana.

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