scholarly journals COVID-19 Measures and Human Dignity in Colombia: Restrictions of Fundamental Rights in Bogotá and Valle de Aburrá during the March-June 2020 Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (40) ◽  
pp. 551-578
Author(s):  
Gladis Cecilia Villegas Arias
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regulatory Impact Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

The goal of this article is to analyze the impact that the regulations issued under the national lockdown declared by the Colombian government during the crisis caused by COVID-19 had on human dignity. A qualitative analysis inspired on the methodology of regulatory impact analysis was applied to secondary data extracted from publications by the World Health Organization (WHO); the national government of Colombia; the local governments of Bogota and the municipalities included in the Metropolitan Area of the Aburra Valley; as well as to news published in relevant newspapers of the country during the episode under study. Results indicated that perceptions of legitimacy of institutions, ability to make decisions, sources of material life, social interactions, social controls, relationships to space, mental health, and controls over the body, were aspects of human dignity negatively impacted by the ruling during this episode. The main conclusion of this article is that citizens of Colombia under the ruling of biology lost many rights that the species had gained for protecting human dignity.

scholarly journals The impact of physical activity and exercise on obesity

2016 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Farid Mouissi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: The health benefits of regular physical activity alone are real, and the World Health Organisation has afforded great importance to the issue of obesity, and considers it to be an epidemic, which is threatening global health. Despite the fact that the subject of obesity emerged in developed countries, Arab countries began experiencing this phenomenon, due to changes in lifestyle among its citizens. Physical activity may favourably affect body fat distribution. Our study aims to study the impact of physical activity and exercise on obesity. Method: The research sample was 165 adolescents with an average age of 17.8 years old. A questionnaire was used to estimate physical activity and exercise. The body mass index (BMI) is used to determine obesity. Result: The results of the study indicated that there is a relationship between physical activity and exercise and obesity, and also between the amount of exercise and type of physical activity and obesity. Conclusion: Physical activity and exercise have an impact on obesity. Through the study results, we recommend the importance of physical activity and exercise for teenagers, because the continuous practice of physical activity reduces obesity. Keywords: obesity, physical activity and exercise, adolescence.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Before and After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Longitudinal Prospective Study in a Rural Village Struck by the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110477
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Del Brutto ◽  
Robertino M. Mera ◽  
Denisse A. Rumbea ◽  
Pedro Pérez ◽  
Bettsy Y. Recalde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Information on the body composition of inhabitants of remote communities during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is limited. Using a longitudinal population-based study design, we assessed the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and changes in body composition. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults living in a rural Ecuadorian village received body composition determinations before and 1 year after the pandemic as well as serological tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The independent association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and abnormalities in body composition at follow-up was assessed by fitting linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Results: Of 327 enrolled individuals, 277 (85%) received baseline and follow-up body composition determinations, and 175 (63%) of them became SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Overall, diet and physical activity deteriorated during the follow-up. Multivariate random-effects generalized least squares regression models that included the impact of time and seropositivity on follow-up body composition, showed that neither variable contributed to a worsening in body composition. Multivariate logistic regression models disclosed that the serological status at follow-up cannot be predicted by differences in body composition and other baseline covariates. Conclusions: Study results suggest no increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection among older adults with abnormal body composition and no significant changes as a result of worse physical activity and dietary habits or seropositivity during the length of the study. Together with a previous study in the same population that showed decrease in hand-grip strength after SARS-CoV-2, results confirm that dynapenia (and not sarcopenia) is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in older adults.

Telaah Singkat Kebijakan Akreditasi Bagi Lembaga Uji Kesesuaian Pesawat Sinar-X

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Endang Kunarsih ◽  
◽  
Iswandarini Iswandarini ◽  
Rusmanto Rusmanto
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Accreditation ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Regulatory Impact Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Compliance Testing ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
Implementation Progress ◽  
Test Process

Brief Review of Accreditation Policy For X-Ray Compliance Testing Laboratory The Compli¬ance Test Program has been Implemented Since 2011 and The Updated Regulation was in 2018. According to the implementation progress, adjustments are needed to the dynamics of the problems that arise. In 2021, it is planned to prepare a draft amendment to BAPETEN Regulation Number 2 of 2018; therefore, an analysis of the implementation profile of the regulation is carried out to identify existing obstacles. One of the problems identified is the polemic of the urgency of accreditation obligations for the Compliance Testing Laboratory, which is the institution appointed by the Head of BAPETEN to carry out compliance tests and issue compliance certificates. Currently, 78% of laboratories are not accredited, most of which are importing companies. Therefore, it will have implications for reducing laboratory availability and constraining the compliance test process in health facilities. This paper aims to identify aspects that can hinder the application for laboratory accreditation, especially for importing companies, and the proposed solution that can recommend. This paper uses a regulatory impact analysis approach. The study results show that laboratory accreditation is essential to maintain the quality of services, competencies, and outputs of the laboratory so that four options that LUK can take are proposed in dealing with obstacles in applying for accreditation. This paper can provide contributions in preparing the draft amendments to BAPETEN Regulation Number 2 of 2018.

NEW CORONOVIRUS INFECTION: CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF COVID-19 IN PREGNANT WOMEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Allakhyarov D.Z. ◽  
Petrov Yu.A. ◽  
Chernavsky V.V.
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

This article presents reviews of literature sources on the clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the course of a new coronovirus infection in pregnant women, in order to analyze the features of the course of COVID-19 in pregnant women and to assess the impact of infection on the body of a woman and a fetus. Pregnancy is a special physiological condition, during which a number of changes occur in the body, not only in the hormonal status, but also in the immune system. The urgency of this problem is due to the high prevalence of new coronavirus infection among the population. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO), as a result of the dynamic development of the epidemic in many countries and continents, declared a global pandemic of the contagious disease COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. According to available studies, pregnant women are more susceptible to a more severe course of infectious diseases affecting the upper respiratory tract. According to various studies, a new coronavirus infection can lead to premature birth, miscarriage, and preeclampsia. Separate studies show increased mortality in pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19. The SARS-CoV-2 virus does not have a direct teratogenic effect on the fetus, but it can indirectly lead to harmful effects on the developing organism. Special attention should be paid to the issue of vaccination of pregnant women against a new coronavirus infection, at the moment there is no accurate data on the effect of the vaccine on the body of the pregnant woman and the fetus. In this regard, the question of the impact of a new coronavirus infection on the course of pregnancy has become relevant.

Behavior Selection Using Utility-Based Reinforcement Learning in Irregular Warfare Simulation Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotiris Papadopoulos ◽  
Francisco Baez ◽  
Jonathan Alt ◽  
Christian Darken
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Irregular Warfare ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) provides a conceptual model for use in assessing behavioral intentions of humans. Agent based social simulations seek to represent the behavior of individuals in societies in order to understand the impact of a variety of interventions on the population in a given area. Previous work has described the implementation of the TPB in agent based social simulation using Bayesian networks. This paper describes the implementation of the TPB using novel learning techniques related to reinforcement learning. This paper provides case study results from an agent based simulation for behavior related to commodity consumption. Initial results demonstrate behavior more closely related to observable human behavior. This work contributes to the body of knowledge on adaptive learning behavior in agent based simulations.

scholarly journals Knowledge and practice regarding prevention of COVID-19 among the Saudi Arabian population

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-775
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Freah Alshammary ◽  
Junaid Amin ◽  
Hassaan Anwer Rathore ◽  
Ibne Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Government ◽  
Arabian Population

BACKGROUND: Prevention is the best way to manage a pandemic like COVID-19. The World Health Organization has issued public advice to create awareness by providing people knowledge to prevent/protect them from COVID-19. Hence, the present study was planned to assess knowledge of prevention and its practical use amongst samples from the Saudi Arabian population. It can be used to bring awareness among the masses not only in expanding their knowledge about COVID-19 but also on how to enforce a practicing behavior in relation to the prevention of COVID-19. The study is among the pioneer studies on the issue related to knowledge and practice of the prevention of COVID-19 among Saudis and foreign nationals residing in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVE: The prime objective of this study is to examine the existence of knowledge among the Saudi and non-Saudi nationals about COVID-19 and its impact on their behavior to practice the protocols to prevent the disastrous infection of COVID-19. This study has also examined how the residents in Saudi Arabia react to the methods and protection measures adopted by the government for their dominions to eradicate the spread of COVID-19. METHODS: The study used a survey-based methodology and data was collected from Saudi nationals as well as expatriates living and working in five different regions of Saudi Arabia. Non-probability snowball sampling was used to reach and select the population of the current study. A self-designed, structured, and validated questionnaire was electronically distributed among the respondents. SPSS version 21 was used to analyze the data of the current study. RESULTS: Out of the 443 respondents, 356 respondents (84%) knew they had to wash their hands for 20 seconds and did this as well, 303 respondents (75%) knew that sneezing or coughing into the arm/elbow can prevent the spread of COVID-19 and were doing this as well, 357 respondents (82%) knew that COVID-19 can be transferred by shaking hands and avoided this, 333 respondents (79%) knew that they had to maintain a safe distance of at least one meter and kept this distance, 315 respondents (76%) knew that touching one’s face can transfer the virus and avoid this, and 414 respondents (95%) knew that staying at home can decrease the chances of getting infected. The relationship between different regions and most of the knowledge-based and practice-based questions was significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Results reveal that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and practice, but the strength of association is weak. It was found that knowledge and practice of COVID-19 was followed differently in the five regions of Saudi Arabia and the level of education of the respondents influenced their choice of practice to protect themselves from the effects of COVID-19. The study has contributed in the body of literature by examining the inter-relationship between knowledge and practice and their use in prevention of COVID-19 among the Saudi population.

scholarly journals What goes up must come down Biomechanical impact analysis of jumping locusts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon V. Reichel ◽  
Susanna Labisch ◽  
Jan-Henning Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adhesive Pads ◽  
Degree Of Control ◽  
Free Falling ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMany insects are able to precisely control their jumping movements. Previous studies have shown that many falling insects have some degree of control of their landing-orientation, indicating a possible significant biomechanical role of the exoskeleton in air righting mechanisms. Once in the air, the properties of the actual landing site are almost impossible to predict. Falling insects thus have to cope mostly with the situation at impact. What exactly happens at the impact? Do locusts actively ‘prepare for landing’ while falling, or do they just ‘crash’ into the substrate?Detailed impact analyses of free falling Schistocerca gregaria locusts show that most insects typically crashed onto the substrate. There was no notable impact-reducing behaviour (protrusion of legs, etc.). Independent of dropping angle, both warm and cooled locusts mostly fell onto head and thorax first. Our results also show that alive warm locusts fell significantly faster than inactive or dead locusts. This indicates a possible tradeoff between active control vs. reduced speed. Looking at the morphology of the head-thorax connection in locusts, we propose that the anterior margin of the pronotum might function as a ‘toby collar’ structure, reducing the risk of impact damage to the neck joint. Interestingly, at impact alive insects also tended to perform a bending movement of the body.This biomechanical adaptation might reduce the rebound and shorten the time to recover. The adhesive pads also play an important role to reduce the time to recover by anchoring the insect to the substrate.

scholarly journals The Role of Micronutrients to Support Immunity for COVID-19 Prevention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhtar H. Ahmed ◽  
Arez Hassan ◽  
Judit Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus, named as SARS-CoV-2, as a global pandemic in early 2020 after the disease spread to more than 180 countries leading to tens of thousands of cases and many deaths within a couple of months. Consequently, this paper aims to summarize the evidence for the relationships between nutrition and the boosting of the immune system in the fight against the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. This review, in particular, assesses the impact of vitamin and mineral supplements on the body’s defence mechanisms against SARS-CoV-2. The results revealed that there is a strong relationship between the ingestion of biological ingredients like vitamins C–E, and minerals such as zinc, and a reduction in the effects of coronavirus infection. These can be received from either nutrition rich food sources or from vitamin supplements. Furthermore, these macromolecules might have roles to play in boosting the immune response, in the healing process and the recovery time. Hence, we recommend that eating healthy foods rich in vitamins C–E with zinc and flavonoids could boost the immune system and consequently protect the body from serious infections. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWARDS WATER PURIFY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO DEHRADUN CITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 686-693
Author(s):  
Manisha A ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Brand Preference ◽  
Color Patterns ◽  
Local Water ◽  
The Impact

One can survive without food but not without water. A human body is comprised of 70% of water which helps in other activities of the body like digestion and metabolic processes. Water is the most critical issue in todays world and its purity is the second. Currently,Watertreatmentmethodsincludefiltrationandheatathightemperaturetokillthebacteria inside it. As a result, consumer demand for water purifier has been increases. Several companies like KENT, HUL, Tata, Eureka Forbes, LG, Bajaj etc. have entered this segment and have launched various brands of water purifiers. Existing demand has also attracted to local players who have entered in the market and assembling water purifiers in minimum cost such as Aqua fres h, Aqua plus, Aqua grand, Aqua care, Aqua pearl, Aqua pure, Liv pro, etc. They vary in size, purification technology, price, color, patterns, usage etc. This study is conducted in Dehradun city a popular tourist place in Uttarakhand. The study mainly aims to analyze the impact of brand preference of respondents on various local water purifiers available in the market. The study also focuses on the consumer behavior towards water purifiers. This research is based on both Primary Survey, 2020 and secondary data. Study finds that, maximum of the respondents is influenced by design and comfortable size of water purifier.

scholarly journals The global challenge of ageing population – Part I: Definitions, epidemiology and physiological changes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Sammy ◽  
Joanne Paul
Keyword(s):  
Developing World ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Background & Objectives Over the past 50 years, epidemiological data from the World Health Organisation has demonstrated a trend towards population ageing throughout the world. While this is widely recognised in the developed world, the phenomenon has been largely overlooked in the developing world, despite the fact that the rate of ageing in developing countries far outstrips that of developed countries. This global trend towards an increasingly older society has significant implications for healthcare. This article aims to review the definitions of ageing, its epidemiological characteristics and physiological changes associated with ageing. Methods A narrative review of the literature was undertaken using Medline, CINAHL and the Cochrane Database, supplemented by manual searches of the literature, and guided by the reference lists of relevant papers identified in the electronic search. No restriction was placed on the type of paper to be included in the study. Results The initial electronic search of the three databases included 239 papers, of which 60 were found to be relevant and included in this review. These articles discussed the epidemiology and definition of ageing, the physiology of ageing and its impact on health and illness, and the implications for health services. The overall findings of the studies implicate the clear differences in the physiology of older people, which do create specific challenges for health service provision. Conclusion Population ageing is a significant global phenomenon, affecting both developed and developing regions of the world. More work is needed, particularly in the developing world, to better understand the impact of ageing on our population.

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