scholarly journals Syekh Wali Lanang sebagai Pitāmaha Raja Raja Jawa Studi Teks Babad Gĕdhongan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiq Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
The Public ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Guardian

The position of pitāmaha or ancestor in the Babad tradition has an important role. One of them is the position of Sheikh Wali Lanang in Babad Gĕdhongan (hereinafter abbreviated as BG). The guardian of the prophet's teachings is narrated later by the king of Java. This research seeks to understand the position of Sheikh Wali Lanang as the pitāmaha of Java’s king in BG, a Javanese manuscript not yet widely known by the public generally. By presenting the historiography of Babad as a reconstructive historical source, and revealing the BG text philologically, it can be argued that the position of Sheikh Wali Lanang is a symbolic political movement by Paku Buwana III and Paku Buwana VII. The creation and transformation of BG are one of the kingdom's efforts to build a spiritual and spiritual culture after the fading of economic and political legitimacy resulting from the turmoil that occurred before. These two Surakarta kings indirectly also want to present themselves as the descendants of the Prophet, through Sheikh Wali Lanang who is the 21st descendant of the Prophet. 

The long crisis of the nation-state and the rise of religions to the public stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manlio Graziano
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Nation State ◽  
World War ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Political Class ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Political Form

The aim of this article is to identify the main factors of the current crisis of the nation-state and to demonstrate how many of the voids left by this crisis are filled by religions. The main characteristic of the nation-state is the principle of sovereignty. The apogee of the nation-state is the political form (as well as a political need) of industrialization. National identity is possible only when the state proves to its citizens that the fact of being a member of it carries benefits and privileges and will always bring more. Today, the majority of nation-states, in particular the oldest great powers, no longer have this capability. The weakening of the nation-state began at the end of the 19th century. The first wave of globalization multiplied the cases of reciprocal interferences and trespassed on the theoretical impermeability of the sovereign states. The outcome of the First World War, with the creation of the first supranational body (the League of Nations), and much more the outcome of the Second World War, were two important steps of this crisis. The birth of the United Nations, and of other supranational bodies (the International Monetary Fund [IMF], the World Bank [WB], the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT] …), as well as the creation of the first court called to judge an entire political class, were an assault on the principle of sovereignty. The second wave of globalization, characterized by the free circulation of goods, money, people and cultures, did the rest. Moreover, the countries that ‘invented’ the principle of sovereignty are today in relative decline as new powers are emerging. The nation-state is no longer able to keep its promises. The less effective states become at offering their citizens both meaning and social services, the more do religions tend to reoccupy the public stage. The less national and political legitimacy they have, the more powers use the religious tool against one another.

scholarly journals DISCUSSION ABOUT SUPPLY OF THE BRITISH ARMY IN CRIMEA DURING THE WINTER OF 1854-1855 IN THE BRITISH NEWSPAPERS ACCORDING TO THE MATERIALS OF THE PAMPHLET «WHOM SHALL WE HANG»

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (3) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
S.S. Kurochkin
Keyword(s):  
Great Distance ◽  
British Army ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Public Discussion ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
British Press

The purpose of the article is the analyses of the discussion about supply of the British army in Crimea during the winter of 1854–1855 in the British press according to the pamphlet «Whom shall we hang». Due to the analyses of the text of this pamphlet and other journalistic texts devoted to the problem of the effectiveness of the quartermaster system of the British during the Crimean War, it was managed to clarify the question of the authorship and the reason for the creation of this historical source. As part of the public discussion caused by the problems of the British army in the Crimea in the winter of 1854-1855, a number of explanations of the causes of these problems were proposed. One authors claimed that these problems had been caused by mistakes of the government, but another journalists thought that high causalities during the winter had been caused by the difficulties, that where unavoidable in case of supplying the army at a great distance from the metropolis. The research shows that the British lawyer Peter Benson Maxwell (who held a pro-government position and who was a former member of the Hospital (Cunning-Maxwell) Commission that began its work in Scutari in November 1854) criticized through this pamphlet the results of the investigation of the parliamentary «Sebastopol Committee» (chaired by John Roebuck), that began its work in March 1855. This commission laid the main blame for the sufferings of the British troops during the winter on the government of Lord Aberdeen, and Peter Benson Maxwell was disagree with this interpretation of events and tried to rebut it.

‘Langen Katresnan’ Video Animasi dengan Tema Ramayana Episode Penculikan Shinta

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
New Work ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation

Ramayana story has been widely known in Indonesian society since centuries ago. This story has been disseminated from generation to generation. The story is familiar to the public in the form of this kakawin often staged in the form of performing arts, dramatari, puppet performances, as well as in the form of puppet or sculpture. Ramayana story has a lot of episodes, but in the creation of this animated video work taking Shinta kidnapping episode. This animated video works explored the form of characters and stories, as well as collaborate with dance, heater and musical arts. Kidnapping of Shinta’s story became the basis of the principal narrative in the creation of animated video with the theme of Ramayana episode kidnapping Shinta ‘Langen Katresnan’ which then developed in accordance with the ideas and concepts. It also supports the creation of new work that promotes originality of the work. This animated video works using two-dimensional techniques. This is actually a reference to that puppet animation that was first recognized by earlier ancestors.Keywords: puppet, Ramayana, animation

Makna Alif dalam Puisi Zikir D. Zawawi Imron dan Sajak Alif Ahmadun Yosi Herfanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Sholeha Rosalia ◽  
Yosi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sociology Of Literature ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation

Alif means the first, saying the Supreme Life and is Sturdy and has the element of fire and Alif is formed from Ulfah (closeness) ta'lif (formation). With this letter Allah mementa'lif (unite) His creation with the foundation of monotheism and ma'rifah belief in appreciation of faith and monotheism. Therefore, Alif opens certain meanings and definitions of shapes and colors that are in other letters. Then be Alif as "Kiswah" (clothes) for different messages. That is a will. "IQRO" is a revelation that was first passed down to the Prophet Muhammad. Saw. Read it, which starts with the letter Alif and ends with the letter Alif. The creation of a poem is influenced by the environment and the self-reflection of a poet where according to the poet's origin, in comparing in particular Alif's poetry from the two poets. The object of this research is the poetry of Zikir by D. Zawawi Imron and Sajak Alif by Ahmadun Yosi Herfanda. This study uses a comparative method and sociology of literature. Through a comparative study of literature between the poetry of Zikir D. Zawawi Imron and Sajak Alif Ahmadun Yosi Herfanda, it is hoped that the public can know the meaning of Alif according to the poet's view. With this research, the Indonesian people can accept different views on the meaning of Alif in accordance with their respective understanding without having to look for what is right and wrong. The purpose in Alif is like a life, in the form of letters like a body, a tree that is cut to the root, from the heart is split to the seeds, then from the seeds are split so that nothing is the essence of life. So, it is clear that Alif is the most important and Supreme letter. Talking about the meaning of Alif as the first letter revealed on earth. After the letter Alif was revealed, 28 other Hijaiyah letters were born. The letter Alif is made the beginning of His book and the opening letter. Other letters are from Alif and appear on him.

Perancangan Boneka Edukasi Terinspirasi oleh Pencipta Boneka Si Unyil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhari Amri
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Simple Materials

Film Unyil puppet comes not just part of the entertainment world that can be enjoyed by people from the side of the story, music, and dialogue. However, there is more value in it which is a manifestation of the creator that can be absorbed into the charge for the benefit of educating the children of Indonesia to the public at large. The Unyil puppet created by the father of Drs. Suyadi is one of the works that are now widely known by the whole people of Indonesia. The process of creating a puppet Unyil done with simple materials and formation of character especially adapted to the realities of the existing rural region. Through this process, this research leads to the design process is fundamentally educational puppet inspired by the creation of Si Unyil puppet. The difference is the inspiring character created in this study is on the characters that exist in urban life, especially the city of Jakarta. Thus the results of this study are the pattern of how to shape the design of products through the creation of the puppet with the approach of urban culture.

Наследие популяров в политике Августа (по Res Gestae Divi Augusti)

2017 ◽  
pp. 226-291
Author(s):  
O.V. Liubimova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Public Building ◽  
The Public ◽  
Roman People

On the basis of The Deeds of Divine Augustus or Res Gestae Divi Augusti (RGDA), the author analyses the significance of the legacy of populares, one of the main political movements in the Late Republic, in the politics of Emperor Augustus. The main features of this political movement, in the opinion of modern researchers, were their demagogic political style, their assertion of the sovereignty of Roman people and their protection of economic interests of the lower classes. In the RGDA there is no mention of the odious political methods of the populares that entailed conflicts and unrest but the text significantly dwells on the tribunician power granted to Augustus. In the Late Republic the tribunician power served as the basis of the populares political method. The ideology reflected in the RGDA entrusts the Roman people with an important role in the public administration and describes the Roman people as a fullfledged partner of the Senate, however it lacks the populares contraposition of the Roman people to the Senate (or to the oligarchy controlling the Senate). The populares legacy is particularly apparent in the RGDA chapters describing Augustus expenses in favor of the Roman people such as the organisation of various social measures, shows and public building. Augustus inherited from the populares of the Late Republic the idea of Roman plebs as a source of political power and of satisfaction of its interest as a mechanism of maintaining political stability, but discarded those of populares slogans and methods that had a conflict potential.На материале Деяний Божественного Августа (Res Gestae Divi Augusti) рассматривается вопрос о том, какое место занимало в политике Августа наследие популяров одного из двух основных политических течений Поздней республики. В качестве характерных черт этого движения исследователи выделяют демагогический политический стиль приверженность идеологии народного суверенитета защиту экономических интересов неимущих слоёв. В RGDA не упоминаются одиозные политические методы популяров, которые влекли за собой конфликты и беспорядки, но важное место занимает предоставленная Августу трибунская власть, которая в Республике служила основой популярского Modus Operandi. Идеология, выраженная в RGDA, отводит римскому народу важное место в управлении государством и представляет его равноправным партнёром сената однако в ней отсутствует характерное для популяров противопоставление народа сенату (или олигархии, контролирующей сенат). Наиболее очевидно наследие популяров в тех главах RGDA, где описываются расходы Августа в пользу римского народа: социальные мероприятия, организация зрелищ и строительство. Август заимствовал у позднереспубликанских популяров представление о том, что римский плебс может служить источником политической силы, и удовлетворение его интересов необходимо для поддержания политической стабильности, однако исключил из своего арсенала те политические лозунги и методы популяров, которые имели конфликтный потенциал.

Archiving the British Raj

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Public ◽  
British Raj ◽  
National Archives ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Central Archive

The archives are generally sites where historians conduct research into our past. Seldom are they objects of research. Sabyasachi Bhattacharya traces the path that led to the creation of a central archive in India, from the setting up of the Imperial Record Department, the precursor of the National Archives of India, and the Indian Historical Records Commission, to the framing of archival policies and the change in those policies over the years. In the last two decades of colonial rule in India, there were anticipations of freedom in many areas of the public sphere. These were felt in the domain of archiving as well, chiefly in the form of reversal of earlier policies. From this perspective, Bhattacharya explores the relation between knowledge and power and discusses how the World Wars and the decline of Britain, among other factors, effected a transition from a Eurocentric and disparaging approach to India towards a more liberal and less ethnocentric one.

scholarly journals Energy Transition in Poland—Assessment of the Renewable Energy Sector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2046
Author(s):  
Michał Bernard Pietrzak ◽  
Bartłomiej Igliński ◽  
Wojciech Kujawski ◽  
Paweł Iwański
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Modern Technologies ◽  
New Jobs

The topic of the article considers the functioning of the renewable energy (RE) sector in Poland. This is really important in the context of the energy transition of the national economy because it influences the creation of modern technologies and increases the competitiveness and innovation of the country. Poland is in a process of energy transition where the RE sector has been developing for two decades. The authors aimed to research the RE sector improvement possibilities in Poland, including the influence of this sector on chosen social and economic aspects. Because of this research’s aim a critical situation assessment of RE in Poland was conducted and a survey of a group of experts in this field was also involved. Legal, physical and mental determinants and their influence on RE sector were looked into. In the legal determinant context a necessity to simplify relevant legislation acts in Poland was found. Undoubtedly there is a need to improve several legal acts, including the Distance Act. In physical determinants it was found that solar, wind and biomass energy have the biggest chances for development. In the case of mental determinants the authors paid attention to the need of educating the public about using and obtaining energy. It is also important to make people aware how the RE sector influences the low emission economy positively. This will improve the creation of new jobs and reduce the emissions of harmful substances to the environment.

Pictorial Debates: The Tatar Satirical Journal Yalt-Yolt and Muslim Modernity Discourses, 1906-1917

Experiment ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-181
Author(s):  
Azade-Ayse Rorlich
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Russian Empire

Abstract The Great Reform era in Russia, as well as the modernist movements in the Ottoman Empire and other Muslim lands represent the background against which the Muslims of the Russian Empire engaged in the scrutiny of the reasons behind the backwardness of their societies and began advocating the compatibility of Islam with modernity. After 1906, the Muslim press became the most important instrument in the creation of the public sphere where issues of tradition and modernity were debated. This essay focuses on the Tatar satirical journal Yalt-Yolt to explore its contribution to the critique of the old Muslim mentalité, as well as its role as an instrument of modernity.

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