scholarly journals El proyecto Modernidad/ Colonialidad. Aportes para la construcción de un conocimiento autónomo de América Latina

Pelícano ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Gramaglia
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Immanuel Wallerstein ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Political Turn

The Modernity/Coloniality Project. Contributions for the Construction of an Autonomous Knowledge of Latin AmericaResumenLa jerarquización de los saberes y la organización de su enseñanza, marcados por la lógica del beneficio, abren el amplio espacio intelectual de las relaciones entre saber y poder que el Proyecto Modernidad/Colonialidad (P M/C) ha propuesto para interpelar a la construcción del conocimiento desde América Latina.En este trabajo me interesa señalar la relevancia de algunos de los aportes, particularmente los desarrollados por Immanuel Wallerstein y Aníbal Quijano. Considero que las categorías y conceptos desarrollados por estos autores han sido centrales en las producciones y reflexiones de un amplísimo campo en el que se inscribe este giro epistémicopolítico. Dichos aportes teóricos no pueden desvincularse del giro posmoderno que se produce en torno al último tercio del siglo XX. Podríamos afirmar que operan, como diría Derrida, bajo tachadura, al ofrecer un poderoso conjunto de herramientas conceptuales deconstruidas para pensar desde el presente: América Latina. Actualizando el legado de las perspectivas latinoamericanistas que heredamos entre otros de Arturo Roig, para quien la filosofía latinoamericana son las formas de objetivación de un sujeto que se pone a sí mismo como valioso. Ese ponernos a nosotros mismos como valiosos, es posible a través de un sujeto empírico, como sostiene Roig.AbstractThe hierarchy of knowledge and the organization of its teaching, marked by the logic of profit, open the broad intellectual space of the relations between knowledge and power that the Modernity / Coloniality Project (PM / C) has proposed to challenge the construction of the knowledge from Latin America.In this paper I am interested in pointing out the relevance of some of the contributions, particularly those developed by Immanuel Wallerstein and Aníbal Quijano. I believe that the categories and concepts developed by these authors have been central to the productions and reflections of a vast field in which this epistemic-political turn is inscribed. These theoretical contributions can not be dissociated from the postmodern turn that takes place around the last third of the 20th century. We could say that they operate, as Derrida would say, "undercutting" by offering a powerful set of deconstructed conceptual tools to think from the present: Latin America. Updating the legacy of Latin American perspectives that we inherit among others from Arturo Roig, for whom philosophy Latin American are the forms of objectification of a subject that puts itself as valuable. That to put ourselves as valuable, is possible through an empirical subject, as Roig argues.Key words: Autonomous Knowledge, Coloniality of Power, Latin American Philosophy.

scholarly journals Causas de la participación de la mujer en la guerrilla de América Latina

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Magdalena Śniadecka-Kotarska
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
Militant Groups ◽  
America Latina

The article was originally published without an abstract, short summary by Michal Gilewski The article studies what is causing women to join guerillas in Latin America. The participation of women in such militant groups started with the leftist guerillas of the second half of the 20th century. The article describes different backgrounds and different reasons for the women to join armed struggle groups. It also describes how women functioned in the social, ideological and biological dimensions of guerillas. Śniadecka-Kotarska suggests that, although the guerilla movement failed to achieve its goals of socio-political transformation of Latin American societies, it made an important contribution to the emancipation of women in these societies.  

Latin American Philosophy and the Place of Alejandro Korn

1960 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
W. J. Kilgore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
The United States ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
Latin American Countries

The development of philosophical ideas in Latin America has tended to reflect the major philosophical thought in Europe. There probably has been greater interest in philosophical ideas in Latin America than in the United States. In many instances, this interest has manifested itself not in the creative development of the content of philosophy but rather in the support which philosophical positions could provide proponents of the status quo or reformers with a basis for justification of social, political, educational, economic or religious programs.There has developed in many Latin American countries during this century an increasing number of works which are concerned with the theoretical aspect of philosophy.

scholarly journals Pistas sobre o pensamento ético-social protestante latino-americano

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Raimundo César Barreto Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Fourth Moment ◽  
Social Thinking ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
American Protestantism ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time

This article argues that in order to think about a Latin American Protestant social ethic one needs to understand the ethos in which it emerges. Such an ethos forms in the context of the development of Protestant social thought in Latin America. This article revisits some important moments and movements for the formation of this Protestant social thinking in the region in the course of the 20th century. Five moments are highlighted. Firstly, the awareness of Latin American Protestantism is identified as the starting point for the formation of a Protestant ethos in the continent. In a second moment, the search for autonomy of Latin American Protestantism stands out. Next, the moment is discussed when, in rupture with a reformist and socialist social vision, Protestant sectors for the first time embraced a more radical project. The fourth moment presents a brief evangelical response in the context of integral mission. Finally, the current challenges in a context marked by indigeneity and pentecostality are briefly addressed.Propõe-se que para pensar uma ética social protestante latino-americana precisa-se entender o ethos no qual ela emerge. Tal ethos se forma no contexto do desenvolvimento do pensamento social protestante na América Latina. Esse artigo revisita alguns momentos e movimentos importantes para a formação desse pensar social protestante na região no decorrer do seculo XX. Cinco momentos são destacados.  Primeiramente, identifica-se a tomada de consciência do protestantismo latino-americano como ponto de partida para a formação de um ethos protestante no continente. Num segundo momento, destaca-se a busca por autonomia do protestantismo latino-americano. Em seguida, discute-se o momento quando, em ruptura com uma visão social reformista e desenvolvimentista, setores protestantes abraçaram pela primeira vez um projeto mais radical. O quarto momento apresenta uma breve resposta evangélica no contexto da missão integral. Por fim, aborda-se brevemente os desafios atuais num contexto marcado pela  indigeneidade e pentecostalidade.

scholarly journals Epistemological resistances and the search for alternatives to modernity in intellectual history

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. e21056
Author(s):  
Dennis Stromback
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Kyoto School ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
The World ◽  
Objective Rationality

The violence of modernity has led to epistemological resistances around the world and the search for alternative ways of reconstructing philosophy. Among the Frankfurt School and early Kyoto School thinkers, for instance, the problem of modernity is framed as an excess of objective rationality, but among the decolonial thinkers of Latin America, the problem is conceptualized as the very myth of modernity itself that has legitimized the colonization and exclusion of non-Europeans. In the search for alternatives modernities, the Kyoto School and Latin American philosophy agree to a vision of inter-civilizational dialogue, which amounts to an engagement of alterity or differences, whereas with the Frankfurt School, albeit struggles to find consensus on how to overcome modernity, aims to merely preclude the problem of reproducing the impulses toward the domination of oneself and others. Nonetheless, all these paradigms have a theoretical point of convergence: that is, since we are all participants of modernity, we are both victims and executioners of its violence, and thus compelled to negate it. This article will discuss how the violence of modernity is experienced, theorized, and then challenged around different continents in order to make visible not just how the violence of modernity is reproduced in different ways but to force ourselves to engage in self-critique in the pursuit to make explicit our own assumptions that repeats the violence of modernity.

Latino Philosophy

2018 ◽  
pp. 197-218
Author(s):  
Susana Nuccetelli
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Radical Skepticism ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
Brighter Future ◽  
Group Term

Latino philosophy and Latin American philosophy, in spite of their close relation, are taking different paths on foundational questions about their own significance, prospects, and even existence. Furthermore, Latino philosophy must continue to avoid two extreme positions that figure prominently in Latin American philosophy, radical skepticism and overconfident optimism. By resting on exceedingly narrow conceptions of the nature of this type of philosophy, neither of them can help to overcome the challenges facing these fields. But Latino philosophy may have a brighter future, provided it expands the use of reasoned argument beyond the issues discussed in this essay. Some concern the nature of Latino philosophy and its closest relatives. Others involve Latino philosophy’s contribution to solving a recurrent puzzle about which ethnic-group term (if any) is best for talking about US residents who are from the officially Spanish-speaking nations of Latin America by birth or ancestry.

scholarly journals La Historia Local en América Latina. Tendencias, corrientes y perspectivas en el siglo XX

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Serrano Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
North American ◽  
Local History ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Regional History ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Siglo Xx

El texto ofrece un enfoque general sobre las tendencias historiográficas,  problemas y temas de la historia regional y local en latinoamericana. En particular a partir del impacto de la historiografía europea y norteamericana en el subcontinente. El autor ofrece su concepción reflexiva y teórica sobre el significado de  la historia local, y de un modo crítico advierte sobre sus limitaciones y alcances en la profesionalización de la disciplina a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿qué es historia local o regional?, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas que se vislumbran de este género de la disciplina histórica en Latinoamérica?, ¿para qué hacer historia local, regional, o microhistoria?, ¿cómo se cultiva este género en América Latina? y finalmente, ¿qué significa hacer este tipo de Historia en nuestros países?Palabras clave: historiografía, estudios regionales y locales, América Latina.Local history in Latin America: Tendencies, trends, and perspectives in the 20th century AbstractThe text offers a general focus on the historiographical tendencies, problems, and topics of regional and local history in Latin America; in particular, starting from the impact of European and North American historiography on the subcontinent. The author offers his reflective and theoretical conception of the meaning of local history, and, in a critical style, warns against the limitations and extent of the professionalization of the discipline by using the following questions: What is local or regional history? What are the perspectives which are seen in this genre of historical discipline in Latin America? Why should we do local, regional, or micro-history? How is this genre cultivated in Latin America? And, finally, What does it mean to do this kind of history in our countries? Keywords: historiography, regional and local studies, Latin America.

Existentialist thought in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Bertelloni
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
General View ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Jose Ortega Y Gasset ◽  
Philosophy Of Life ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
Nicolai Hartmann ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology

In Latin America the thought and teaching of José Ortega y Gasset have been very influential. Their influence leaves an important mark on the substance of existentialism. The most effective aspect of Ortega y Gasset’s philosophical conception was his thesis that humans do not have a nature, only a history. It is this concept that encouraged Latin American thinkers to create their own original thought as a product of their concrete historical circumstances. This entry will deal with Latin American existence, unique in its historical concreteness, and from this general view will attempt to construct a metaphysical theory of Latin America’s historical endeavour. Given that all historicist conception involves values that are objective in nature, it is not surprising that Latin American existentialism was profoundly influenced by Max Scheler and Nicolai Hartmann, together with the existential analysis of Martin Heidegger. Consequently, in opposition to the phenomenologists with a Husserlian orientation, implicit in Latin American existentialism, there is a phenomenological methodology in the interpretation of history as culture in accordance with the analysis of the dialectics of the structure of history. This opposes all possible perceptions of pure essences which might precede existence. The essence of existence is seen as progressive, constructing itself as it is bypassed by historical events. Both in terms of the search for an original philosophy, which could be reduced to a philosophy of history (for example in the Orteguian philosophy of life) and in terms of a Heideggerian approach, Latin American philosophy applies a phenomenological method in its analysis. This would explain the fusion of phenomenology and existentialism in the works of Latin American philosophers. All Latin American phenomenological-existentialist philosophical effort is a struggle between the analysis and interpretation of the European currents and their search for the historical realization of the autonomous Latin American being.

Analytical philosophy in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar R. Martí
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Intellectual Revolution ◽  
The 1960S

In Latin America, philosophical analysis has been portrayed as an intellectual revolution. Its avowed goal has been to replace the abstruseness and obscurantism of scholastic and metaphysical jargon perceived as typical of much of Latin American philosophy with the clarity and rigour of mathematical and scientific discourse. Arriving around the mid-1940s analytic philosophy at first met with little interest because of a shortage of its classics in translation, cultural obstacles and opposition from the more traditional, entrenched philosophies. By the 1960s it had overcome many obstacles and stimulated considerable philosophical activity, mainly in Mexico and Argentina. By the 1980s, in spite of political opposition, analysis had created an international forum for the discussion of philosophical problems. It attracted to its ranks several distinguished philosophers and scientists with philosophical interests, among them Mario Bunge (Argentina and Canada), Héctor-Neri Castañeda (Guatemala and the USA) and Francisco Miró Quesada (Peru). An ambitious translation effort was launched and several important journals were founded, such as Análisis filosófico (Philosophical Analysis), Revista latinoamericana de filosofía (Latin American Journal of Philosophy) (Argentina), Crítica. Revista hispanoamericana de filosofía (Criticism. Hispanoamerican Journal of Philosophy) (Mexico), Manuscrito (Manuscript) (Brazil) and Diálogos (Dialogues) (Puerto Rico).

scholarly journals Vacas a matar. De la dicotomía soberana al umbral biopolítico en ficciones ganaderas del Cono Sur.

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Luppi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Class Distribution ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Living Being

RESUMEN: Nudo de tensión entre vida biológica e historicidad, la animalidad recorre la serie de mataderos que la crítica argentina ha indagado como ficción soberana, pautada por el dualismo político. La polarización de 1840 plasmada en El matadero de Echeverría, con titubeos narrativos frente a voces y cuerpos animalizados del sector popular, retorna desde mediados del siglo XX en versiones de la dicotomía civilización-barbarie, que mantienen la distinción naturaleza-cultura y las coordenadas de historicidad antropocéntrica, como la crónica de Walsh que en 1967 enmienda el reparto clasista de Echeverría. El umbral crítico de la vida (Agamben) emerge en reescrituras recientes del matadero, donde el flujo del capital atraviesa no solo el cuerpo del trabajador sino lo viviente. Un cuento de Kohan (2009) y una novela de Maia (2013) descubren bajo la dicotomía la complejidad de pasajes entre animales y humanos, donde indagan las economías de relaciones entre vidas protegidas y abandonadas. Confrontando las conflictividades culturales argentina y brasileña, marcadas por el peso de economías agroexportadoras y el dualismo como control de mezclas, estos relatos de trabajadores del ganado inquieren lo difuso del borde vida-muerte tras dos siglos de progreso humanista en América Latina. ABSTRACT: Animality, a knot of tension between biological life and historicity, runs through the series of slaughterhouses that Argentine critics have investigated as sovereign fiction, guided by political dualism. The 1840 polarization embodied in Echeverría´s El matadero (The Slaughterhouse), with narrative hesitations about voices and animalized bodies of popular sector, has returned since the middle of the 20th century in versions of the civilization-barbarity dichotomy, which maintain the nature-culture distinction and the coordinates of anthropocentric historicity, such as Walsh's chronicle that in 1967 amends the class distribution of Echeverría. The critical threshold of life (Agamben) emerges in recent rewritings of the slaughterhouse, where the flow of capital passes through not only the body of the worker but also the living being. A story by Kohan (2009) and a novel by Maia (2013) discover under dichotomy the complexity of passages between animals and humans, where they investigate the economies of relationships between protected and abandoned lives. By confronting Argentine and Brazilian cultural conflicts, both marked by the weight of agro-export economies and dualism as control of mixtures, these stories of cattle workers inquire about the diffuseness of the life-death border after two centuries of humanist progress in Latin America.

The Spirit of Latin American Philosophy

Ethics ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
Arthur W. Munk
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Latin American Philosophy ◽  
American Philosophy
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