The relationship between spiritual health and social trust among students

Social trust and spiritual health play an important role in social communication. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and social trust among Iranian students. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Sanandaj, in the West of Iran, in 2018. 686 students from 5 universities were included in the study through simple random sampling. The data were collected using established, reliable instruments for the assessment of social trust and spiritual health. Logistic regression models were applied to assess the association between social trust and spiritual health. We reported estimated logits and Odds Ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The students with a literate father had substantially higher odds of social trust (OR=1.98, 95% CI=1.19-3.28, p<0.01). Also, similar findings were obtained for students with a literate mother compared to those with an illiterate mother (OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.33-3.28, p<0.01). The odds of social trust also increased with the father’s employment status (OR=13.06, 95% CI=4.16-41, p<0.01). The odds of social trust increased with religious health (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.03-1.08, p<0.01). It is essential to increase spiritual health and the parents’ literacy to promote social trust among the students.

Download Full-text

Nut intake and hyperuricemia risk in young adults

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980021002998 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Chong Wang ◽

Xiao-fei Guo ◽

Ting Yang ◽

Ting Zhao ◽

Duo Li

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Pine Nut ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

The Relationship ◽

Nut Intake

Abstract Objective: The relationship between dietary nut intake and hyperuricemia risk remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different nut intake and hyperuricemia risk with a cross-sectional study. Design: A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was adopted to collect dietary information. Biochemical and anthropometric parameters were measured by standard methods. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were implemented to analyze the relationship between individual nut intake and hyperuricemia risk. Setting: Qingdao University in Shandong Province, China. Participants: During 2018-2019, a total of 14,056 undergraduates (6,862 males and 7,194 females) aged 15-25 years participated in the study. Results: After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile intakes of pine nut (95% CI: 0.51, 0.98) was significantly associated with 29% reduction in hyperuricemia risk, the highest quartile intake of walnut (OR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.05) was marginally negatively associated with hyperuricemia risk. Conclusions: The present study showed that the relationships between intakes of different nuts and hyperuricemia risk were different. Increased dietary intake of walnut and pine nut are negatively associated with the hyperuricemia.

Download Full-text

The multimorbidity of hypertension and osteoarthritis and relation with sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia in China’s rural population

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96523-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li Ran ◽

Qi Chen ◽

Jingyi Zhang ◽

Xinlong Tu ◽

Xiaodong Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Regression Models ◽

Joint Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Additive Interaction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Remote Rural Area

AbstractHypertension (HTN) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and the co-occurrence of these two diseases is common. However, the pathogenesis of the multimorbidity of both diseases and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia is unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to make sense of the multimorbidity of HTN and OA and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia. The relation between sleep quality and OA and its joint effect with hyperlipemia or hyperglycemia was evaluated with logistic regression models. The additive interaction was assessed with the relative excess risk due to interaction (REEI), the attributable proportion (AP), and the synergy index (S). According to this research in a remote rural area, approximately 34.2% of HTN patients are accompanied with OA and 49.1% are suffering poor sleep. Both hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia and sleep quality were related to OA prevalence with crude ORs of 1.43 (95% CI 1.014–2.029) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.411–2.519, P < 0.001) respectively. An observed additive effect was found greater than the sum of the effects of sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia posed on OA prevalence alone. This additive interaction was observed in females (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.945–5.237) as well as males ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.693–4.557), with RERI, AP, and S significant. Therefore, poor sleep and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia are associated with OA, and further studies on the additive interaction among females and males ≥ 65 are warranted.

Download Full-text

Setting – based prevalence and correlates of central obesity: findings from a cross-sectional study among formal sector employees in Dodoma City, Central Tanzania

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-10142-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mariam John Munyogwa ◽

Kaloli Sayi Ntalima ◽

Secilia Ng’weshemi Kapalata

Keyword(s):

Central Obesity ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Formal Sector ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Face To Face ◽

Chi Square Test

Abstract Background Obesity at the workplace has been associated with symptoms of lower self-esteem, increased individual and employer healthcare costs, increased absenteeism and presenteeism and reduced productivity. Therefore, this study was designed to study the prevalence and correlates of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Methods Study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted from March to June, 2019. Participants were employees from formal sector employment defined as those paid regular monthly wage and with either a secured permanent or temporary contract. Simple random sampling was used to select four out of fifteen large buildings hosting various establishments. Respondents were obtained conveniently and interviewed face to face. Central obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 102 cm for males and greater than 88 cm for females. Chi-square test was conducted to assess the differences among the groups. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were fitted to identify the correlates of central obesity. Results A total of 392 respondents (98% response rate) agreed and participated in the study. The overall prevalence of central obesity was found to be 41.8% (164/392). The prevalence of central obesity was significantly higher among females (67.4% p < 0.001), respondents aged ≥51 years (60%, p = < 0.001), administrators (55.1% p = < 0.05), respondents with salary of > 1,000,000 Tanzanian Shilling (TSh.) per month (54.4%, p = < 0.05), respondents who eat homemade meals at the workplace (64.2%, p = < 0.05) and respondents with hypertension (62.5%, p = < 0.05). Correlates of central obesity were found to be female sex (AOR = 9.53; 95% CI: 5.49, 16.78), increased age, eating homemade meals at the workplace (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.19) and hypertension (AOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.41, 6.91). Conclusions The present study revealed high prevalence of central obesity among formal sector employees in Dodoma City. Scholars and stakeholders are urged to generate more evidences and design appropriate interventions to curb the situation.

Download Full-text

Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Meningococcal B Vaccine among Pediatricians in Italy

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina54060100 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Pietro Ferrara ◽

Lucia Stromillo ◽

Luciana Albano

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

4Cmenb Vaccine

Background and objectives: Vaccination against bacterial pathogens is decisive for preventing invasive meningococcal disease and pediatricians play a pivotal role in vaccination compliance and coverage. The aim of this study was to investigate awareness, attitude, and practices toward the vaccine against Meningococcal B serogroup (4CMenB) among a sample of Italian pediatricians. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire from March to May 2015. Three multivariate logistic regression models were built to identify factors associated with the outcomes of interest. Results: The data showed that 95.5% of the interviewees correctly responded about the availability of 4CMenB vaccine in Italy, while only 28.0% knew the vaccination schedule for children aged two years or under. This knowledge was significantly higher in younger pediatricians and in those who worked a higher number of hours per week. Pediatricians self-reported a positive attitude toward the utility and safety of 4CMenB vaccine. Those pediatricians with a strong positive attitude toward the utility of the vaccine, who knew the vaccination schedules for children of two years or under, and who declared a satisfactory or good knowledge about the vaccine were more likely to inform parents about its availability in Italy, recommend the vaccination, and verify patients’ vaccination status, in their daily practice. Conclusions: The study highlights factors that currently influence pediatricians’ practices regarding the 4CMenB vaccine. The results showed the possible actions recommended to improve physicians’ awareness and behaviors in order to improve the vaccination compliance and invasive meningococcal diseases prevention.

Download Full-text

Children's Values, Social Support, Mother's Roles, and Psychosocial Stimulation in Boys and Girls

Journal of Family Sciences ◽

10.29244/jfs.v6i1.35760 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 20-36

Author(s):

Dwi Hastuti ◽

Lia Shafira Arlianty ◽

Megawati Simanjuntak

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychosocial Development ◽

Economic Value ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Information Support ◽

Test Results ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychosocial Stimulation ◽

The City

Psychosocial development is a developmental stage that every child will pass. This study aimed to analyze the influence of family and child characteristics, child value, social support, mother's involvement in psychosocial stimulation in boys and girls. The research design that was used in this study was a cross-sectional study. Site selection was chosen purposively, namely in the city of Medan. Research locations were in two villages, namely Kota Maksum, Medan Labuhan Subdistrict and Kota Besar Village, Medan Area District. The sample pulling technique uses simple random sampling with a sample of mothers who have children aged 2-3 years and come from a complete family of 150 people. Respondents interviewed with the questionnaire were mothers. Correlation test results showed a significant positive relationship between maternal age, children's values, dimensions of psychological value and dimensions of economic value, social support, dimensions of information support and dimensions of reward support, and mothers' role in care with psychosocial stimulation.

Download Full-text

1384Factors related to neck and shoulder pain during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.648 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sayo Tanaka ◽

Sachiko Ohde ◽

Kota Katanoda ◽

Sarah Krull Abe ◽

Takahiro Tabuchi

Keyword(s):

Shoulder Pain ◽

Regression Models ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Internet Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Shoulder Stiffness ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Health Measures ◽

Neck And Shoulder Pain

Abstract Background Shoulder stiffness is a common health issue in Japan. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people were forced to stay home which possibly escalated the development of shoulder stiffness. We aimed to assess associations of lifestyle changes and newly developed neck and shoulder pain (NSP) during the pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing the data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), an internet survey conducted from August to September 2020. Data included sociodemographic, lifestyle and health measures related to NSP during the pandemic. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to calculate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for newly developed NSP with adjustment for lifestyle, physiological and psychosocial changes. Results After exclusion of participants with existing pain, 25,482 participants (12,673 male, 12,809 female) aged 15-79 years were included in the analysis. Of these, 4.1% reported newly developed NSP. Weight gain and long sedentary time were strongly associated with the NSP (AOR (95%CI): 2.4 (2.0-2.8) and 1.81 (1.4-2.3)). Stratified analyses of 1,751 students and 4,211 teleworkers showed significant associations (AOR (95%CI): 2.1 (1.4-2.8) and 2.5 (1.9-3.2)) compared to non-workers and non-teleworkers, respectively. Conclusions Students and teleworkers became prone to NSP during the pandemic. However, factors which were associated to pain did not differ during the pandemic compared with the previous studies. Key messages Preventive measures for NSP should be taken in students and teleworkers.

Download Full-text

Association between Eating Away from Home and Hyperuricemia: A Population-Based Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study in China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2792681 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zifeng Liu ◽

Xiaoting Su ◽

Mianli Xiao ◽

Peien Zhou ◽

Jianwei Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Home Food

Hyperuricemia (HU) is a risk factor for different kinds of chronic noncommunicable diseases, and eating away from home (EAFH) may play an important role in their development, which has been ignored greatly so far. This study aimed to investigate the association between EAFH and HU in different models. A cross-sectional study involving 8,322 participants of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was conducted. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. We found that participants who consumed more away-from-home food had a higher risk for HU, and the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (for each increment in grades of EAFH) were 1.11 (1.02, 1.20) in a multiadjusted model (adjusted for age, gender, province, net individual income, body mass index, smoking, leisure-time physical activities, energy intake, and sleep duration). As for stratified analyses, the aOR (95% CI) of EAFH was 1.12 (1.01, 1.24) for men and 1.06 (0.92, 1.21) for women. Similar results can be found in the middle-aged and obese population, with aOR (95% CI) of EAFH as 1.17 (1.05, 1.30) and 1.15 (1.03, 1.29), respectively. In conclusion, EAFH is positively associated with the prevalence of HU.

Download Full-text

A survey of caregiver acculturation and acceptance of silver diamine fluoride treatment for childhood caries

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0915-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anjali Kumar ◽

Dana Cernigliaro ◽

Mary E. Northridge ◽

Yinxiang Wu ◽

Andrea B. Troxel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽

Fluoride Treatment ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Health Related ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Interest in aqueous silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been growing as a treatment for caries arrest. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify factors associated with caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment for children presenting with caries at 8 Federally Qualified Health Centers. The study purpose was to examine associations between caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment for children with caries and (1) sociodemographic and acculturation characteristics of caregivers and (2) clinical assessments of the children by dentists. Methods A caregiver survey collected information on: sociodemographic characteristics; acculturation characteristics, measured using the validated Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics (SASH); perceived benefits and barriers of SDF treatment, including caregiver comfort; and perceived health-related knowledge. Chart reviews were conducted to assess: the medical / dental insurance of pediatric patients; cumulative caries experience, measured using decayed, missing, filled teeth total scores (dmft / DMFT); whether operating room treatment was needed; and a record of caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment (the outcome measure). Standard logistic regression models were developed for caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment for their children as the binary outcome of interest (yes / no) to calculate unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted ORs for covariates of interest. Results Overall, 434 of 546 caregivers (79.5%) accepted SDF treatment for their children. A U-shaped relationship between caregiver odds of accepting SDF treatment and age group of pediatric patients was present, where caregivers were most likely to accept SDF treatment for their children who were either < 6 years or 9–14 years, and least likely to accept SDF treatment for children 6 to < 9 years. The relationship between acculturation and caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment depended upon whether or not caregivers were born in the United States: greater acculturation was associated with caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment among caregivers born in this country, and lower acculturation was associated with caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment among caregivers born elsewhere. Conclusions Caregiver acceptance of SDF treatment is high; child’s age and caregiver comfort are associated with acceptance. Providers need to communicate the risks and benefits of evidence-based dental treatments to increasingly diverse caregiver and patient populations.

Download Full-text

Ultra-processed food consumption and the risk of short telomeres in an elderly population of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqaa075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (6) ◽

pp. 1259-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lucia Alonso-Pedrero ◽

Ana Ojeda-Rodríguez ◽

Miguel A Martínez-González ◽

Guillermo Zalba ◽

Maira Bes-Rastrollo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Models ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

The Sun ◽

Processed Food ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

High Consumption ◽

Sun Project

Abstract Background Telomere length (TL) is a marker of biological age that may be affected by dietary factors through oxidation and inflammation mechanisms. In addition, ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased worldwide and it has been associated with the risk of developing several diseases. Objectives We aimed to evaluate the association between UPF consumption and the risk of having short telomeres in an elderly population of the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of 886 participants (645 men and 241 women) aged 57–91 y recruited from the SUN Project (Spain, 1999–2018). TL was measured from saliva samples by real-time qPCR at baseline and UPF consumption was collected using a validated 136-item FFQ and classified according to the NOVA system. We evaluated the association between consumption of energy-adjusted UPF categorized into quartiles (low, medium-low, medium-high, and high consumption) and the risk of having short telomeres (<20th percentile) using logistic regression models. Results Those participants with the highest UPF consumption had almost twice the odds of having short telomeres compared with those with the lowest consumption (adjusted OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.05, 3.22; P-trend = 0.03). Conclusions A higher consumption of UPF (>3 servings/d) was associated with higher risk of having shorter telomeres in an elderly Spanish population of the SUN Project. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02669602.

Download Full-text

The relationship between employee motivation and job involvement

South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences ◽

10.4102/sajems.v13i3.102 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 237-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S Govender ◽

Sanjana Brijball Parumasur

Keyword(s):

Financial Institution ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Job Involvement ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Employee Motivation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Current Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship

The study aims to assess the current level of, and relationship between, employee motivation and job involvement. This cross-sectional study was undertaken in a financial institution from which 145 employees were drawn using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using the Employee Motivation Questionnaire (Fourie, 1989) and the Job Involvement Questionnaire (Lodahl and Kejner, 1965) and, was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate that significant intercorrelations exist amongst the majority of dimensions and sub-dimensions of employee motivation and job involvement. Recommendations are graphically presented to provide practitioners and managers with guidelines for enhancing employee motivation and job involvement respectively.

Download Full-text