scholarly journals Rural-urban Interaction Inclusion in Ongoing Latvia Regional Reform

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Madara Markova

The ongoing process of regional reform in Latvia involves the vision of both rural and urban territories. The nexus between the city and the countryside and inclusion of it into realistic policy is deemed a good approach for solving failures of the European cohesion policy. To study cohesion between rural and urban areas, there is a need to identify the meaning of two concepts – the city and the countryside. The field rural and urban territories interact is the regional spatial level. And to manage regional development the normative framework is important. Aim of the research is to find does the new regional reform in Latvia is in close cohesion with the New Urban Agenda, especially linkages of rural and urban. Development politics included in research tend to include a question regarding rural-urban interaction, but only in some points. Documents of the United Nations included in research provide a very clear definition of the actions to be taken to ensure cohesion between urban and rural territories. The next step would be to assess and understand how to achieve. The issues of creation and opportunities of cohesion have been discussed in Latvia. It is not clear does the ongoing regional reform in Latvia will achieve declared goals regarding rural-urban interaction after ongoing discussions with the local municipalities.

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.


2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Rocha Benites

Abstract This article explores the idea of movement through an analysis of the flows between rural and urban areas, more specifically between small farms (roças) and the peripheries of big cities. I turn to my own ethnographic research on rural and riverside communities in the north of Minas Gerais, as well as ethnographies produced on populations in the Cerrado Mineiro, in order to question the primacy of movement in the definitions of the city and to extend the notion through an approach that incorporates the relations between persons and things circulating in both these social spaces.


1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
W Wasim Hussain ◽  
M Azizul Haque ◽  
Laila Shamima Sharmin ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
M Fazlur Rahman

This study was designed to know the case finding of sputum smear positive tuberculosis in Rajshahi district and also to see whether case finding was different in urban and rural settings. Our study reveals that case finding rate of smear positive tuberculosis cases in the city corporation area and rural areas of Rajshahi district are 52% and 28% respectively. Case detection rate of total Rajshahi district was 33%. Stronger efforts are needed to reach the national target of detecting 70% new smear positive TB cases by the end of 2005.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i2.3456   TAJ 2004; 17(2): 104-105


Author(s):  
Anik Saha

Rural–urban linkages play a fundamental role in the generation of service, development, health treatment and wealth. Yet, for various reasons the importance of such linkages is not recognized and thus unnoticed in rural economic and trade policies. The present paper investigates infrastructure problem, institutional constraints and dependency rural area on near rural service trade barriers that tend to discourage linkages between rural and urban areas and thus prevent a process of rural empowerment and economic development. The findings of our review indicate that clustering rural and urban areas into regional planning units may create the necessary enabling environment for extensive trade networks and knowledge switch over between the city and the neighbor rural-side. As such, stronger rural–urban linkages could also play a crucial role in fulfill rural areas demand in developing countries.


2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Putri Noer Fadilah ◽  
Azkya Patria Nawawi ◽  
Andi Supriatna ◽  
Sri Sarwendah ◽  
Ratih Widyasari

Introduction: The prevalence of dental caries among children has increased in the past decades. Dental caries has a multifactorial aetiology, including host (saliva and teeth), microbiology (plaque), substrate (diet), and time. The role of fermentable carbohydrates intake as a risk factor in the initiation and progression of dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between dental caries and carbohydrates intake among preschool-aged children in rural and urban areas of the city of Cimahi, Indonesia. Methods: The method used was an analytical cross-sectional study with pathfinder survey based on the WHO basic methods of oral health surveys. The data were collected through intraoral examination, and nutritional status measurement was done by using food frequency questionnaire. Statistical analysis used was the chi-square test. Results: From the study towards 100 preschool children resulted the prevalence of dental caries in rural and urban area respectively was 96 and 92%. The average value of deft index in urban area was 8.46 (95% CI:7.00-9.91) and was 7.98 (95% CI:6.50-9.45) in rural area. The average value of sucrose intake frequency in urban area was 237.14 (95% CI:204.95-269.32), whilst in rural area was 177.54 (95% CI:155.66-199.41). Conclusion: There was a relationship between dental caries and carbohydrates intake among preschool-aged children in the rural and urban area of the city of Cimahi, Indonesia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Syahrial Syahrial ◽  
Welly Herman

Food is a necessity for all residents in both rural and urban areas so that food availability must be guaranteed to meet the needs of all residents. Several government programs have been carried out to achieve food self-sufficiency, especially rice, corn and soybeans. This study aims to (1) identify the leading food commodities in the city in West Sumatra Province. (2) analyzing the specialization and localization of superior food commodities in the city in West Sumatra Province. (3) identifying priority food commodities that can be developed in urban areas in West Sumatra Province. This research was conducted in (7) seven urban areas in West Sumatra Province. This study uses secondary data which includes production, price and production value. The results of the analysis showed that (1) only rice commodities became the main commodity in all urban areas, (2) pajale commodities spread in several districts in all urban areas, (3) and only rice commodities became priority commodities in several urban areas. So that the development of food commodities in urban areas in West Sumatra Province can be prioritized on rice commodities to meet the food needs of its population.


Social Change ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-420
Author(s):  
E.M. Mutyenyoka ◽  
J.P. Tsheola

The scope of this contribution was to interrogate the alleged rural–urban dichotomy effects of social grants on sustainable poverty alleviation. One major problem that has marked previous comparative studies in this area is that there is no universally agreed definition of ‘urban’ or ‘rural’. Their inherent contrasts are critical to the applicability and effects of concerted interventions due to the diversity of actors, agendas, underlying intentions and so on. This contribution was anchored in the belief that socio-economic narratives were intrinsically distributed among rural and urban households as well as societies and so, too, were the effects of intervention strategies. The study, by focusing on Polokwane Local Municipality has argued that social grants have dichotomous and differential effects as a strategy for poverty amelioration in rural and urban settings. The paper has engaged on a scholarship synthesis of characteristics and contexts of the rural–urban dichotomy, types of social grants and dimensions of poverty in rural and urban areas. In our conclusion, we consolidated recommendations revolving around the enhancement of the rural–urban effects of social grants so as to optimise sustainable poverty alleviation across space.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-38
Author(s):  
Rully Khairul Anwar ◽  
Edwin Rizal ◽  
Elnovani Lusiana

This study aimed to gain an overview of farmers' community in rural areas about a social communication model among them who have cultivated farmland from generation to generation. The qualitative and descriptive study in a village in Garut found that there were patterns of traditional communication maintained by the majority of farmers as well as open communication patterns with absorbs the modernization of development. With social communication pattern, it is clear that there are efforts to strengthen the resilience of rural communities which are sufficient dynamic to reduce the imbalance between rural and urban areas, reduce the level of dependence of the city, increase the income of farmers, and empowerment of farmers and poor communities in rural areas.


ILUMINURAS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (33) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Augusto dos Santos Ribeiro

Felipe Augusto dos Santos RibeiroDe pródiga produtora de alimentos no século XVIII a polo industrial têxtil no final do XIX, a cidade de Magé, localizada no estado do Rio de Janeiro/Brasil, tornou-se palco de intensas lutas operárias e camponesas entre as décadas de 1950 e 70, grande parte delas capitaneada por militantes do Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB). Entretanto, para além de configurar como uma representação política da “foice e o martelo”, o município destaca-se como um cenário privilegiado para se desenvolver uma pesquisa historiográfica enfatizando tanto a dinâmica entre o rural e o urbano na localidade, quanto seus desdobramentos no mundo do trabalho. Neste sentido, o diálogo interdisciplinar com a antropologia torna-se fundamental. As cinco indústrias têxteis instaladas em Magé, a maioria delas caracterizada pelo padrão “fábrica-vila operária”, imprimiram marcas profundas no cotidiano da cidade e na identidade dos seus moradores, tendo as oportunidades de emprego e a política social das fábricas atraído inúmeros migrantes. Portanto, o presente artigo tem por objetivo evidenciar o quanto o rural e o urbano estão e devem ser analisados de forma imbricada, sobretudo nos estudos acerca do mundo do trabalho, corroborando assim com outras pesquisas que visam superar a dicotomia entre o rural (como sinônimo de arcaico e atrasado) e urbano (como ícone do moderno e do progresso).   Palavras-Chave: Trabalhadores têxteis. Camponeses. Sindicalismo. Identidade social.   A city between the urban and rural: factorys, farms, weavers and peasants in Magé   Abstract Of Large food producer in the eighteenth century to a textile industrial center in the late nineteenth century, the city of Magé, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), became the scene of intense struggles of workers and peasants between the 1950 and 70 , most of them militants headed by the Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB). However, in addition to political representation of the slogan "the hammer and sickle", the city stands out as a prime setting for developing a historical research emphasizing both the dynamics between rural and urban areas in the locality, as their developments in the Worlds of Labor. In this sense, the interdisciplinary dialogue with anthropology becomes key. The five textile industries installed in Magé, most of them characterized by the a system known as "factory with workers village", present printed marks deep in the life of the city and in the identity of its residents, when the opportunities for employment and the social policy of the factories attracted numerous migrants. Therefore, this article aims to show how the rural and urban are and must be analyzed in an intertwined, especially in studies about the Worlds of Labor, thus corroborating with other research aimed at overcoming the dichotomy between rural (as a synonym for archaic and backward) and urban (as an icon of modern progress).   Keywords: Textile workers. Peasants. Sindicalism. Social identity.  


Author(s):  
Yani Djawa ◽  
Satri Asma ◽  
Tamrin Taher

Abstract:Student errors in solving Mathematical problems are often found by writers in rural schools, and it possibly happened in schools in the city too. This article tries to analyze the mistakes of high school students in rural and urban areas in solving math problems. This research is qualitative with a research location in two schools, each as an interpretation of schools in rural and urban areas. The results found that students in a rural and urban school in principle there an error in solving problems. High school students in urban areas tend to make procedural errors while rural high school students in addition to making procedural errors also tend to make computational skills mistakes. Abstrak:Kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal Matematika sering penulis temukan pada sekolah di pedasaan, namun demikian tidak menutup kemungkinan juga terjadi pada sekolah di perkotaan. Artikel ini mencoba menganalisis kesalahan siswa SMA di Pedesaan dan Perkotaan dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan loaksi penelitian di dua sekolah yang masing-masing sebagai interpretasi sekolah yang berada di pedesaan dan perkotaan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa siswa yang bersekolah di pedesaan maupun perkotaan pada prinsipnya ditemukan adanya kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal. Siswa SMA di perkotaan cenderung untuk melakukan kesalahan prosedur sedangkan siswa SMA di pedesaan selain melakukan kesalahan prosedur juga cenderung melakukan kesalahan keterampilan komputasi.


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