scholarly journals Emission results of combustion process of fatty acids distillation residue in an oil boiler – comparison to heavy fuel oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Ryszard Wasielewski ◽  
Krzysztof Głód
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Distillation Residue ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
Heating Oil

The results of the research on energy usage of the fatty acids distillation residue are presented. Distillation residue constitutes a material of biogenic origin, which is created only as a result of physical processing of animal fats without using additional chemicals. This material exhibits similar physicochemical properties as the heavy heating oil and may be its substitute. Industrial comparative tests of combusting of distillation residue and also of the heavy heating oil in an oil boiler were conducted. The research was conducted at the rated and minimum capacities of the boiler. It has been stated that combusting of the distillation residue of the fatty acids in a tested oil boiler does not bring about any technological difficulties. No threat of the elevated emission of pollutants into the atmosphere was exhibited. Installation of the boiler fulfill all emission standards required for combustion of the liquid fuels. Combustion of fatty acids distillation residue contributes to the reduction of the previous emission of pollutants from burning of the heavy fuel oil, significantly in scope of SO2.

Effect of Chemical Fuel Additives on Liquid Fuel Saving, and Emissions for Heavy Fuel Oil

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Emara
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Fuel Additives ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

As fossil fuel resources are considered non-renewable sources of fuel, they will be totally consumed in the near or far future. Due to the intensive and extensive consumption of these fossil fuels in all life sectors such as transportation, power generation, industrial processes, and residential consumption, it is important to find other new methods to cover this fuel demand. Fuel additives are chemicals used to enhance fuel combustion performance, save fuel amounts required for combustion, and correct deficiencies in power and efficiency during consumption. The fuel additives are blended with the traditional fuel even by parts per million range for controlling chemical contaminants and emission reduction. In the present work, the experimental measurements were done, to evaluate the effect of fuel additive blending with the raw heavy fuel oil (Mazut) on fuel saving which is of a great significance, emissions control, and combustion characteristics as well as the combustion efficiency. These measurements are as follows: initial temperature of Mazut, exhaust gas temperature at the end of combustor, air and fuel mass flow rates to determine the heat load, inlet and outlet temperatures of cooling water, mass flow rate of water, concentration of different exhaust gases, acoustic (noise level) measurements, smoke number, and flame length. These measurements are performed using swirled vanes, co-axial, and double heavy fuel nozzle (1.5 gal/hr for each one) burner with maximum heating load of 550 kW. GC-MS (Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) analysis was performed by using Hewlett Packard model 5890 equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) to identify the fuel additives substances within the tested samples. The results reveal that the use of fuel additives improves the combustion characteristics and play an important role in fuel saving as well as emission and combustion process.

scholarly journals Degradation of animal malodour

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S60-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Janoško ◽  
M. Čery
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Animal Waste ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Direct Combustion ◽  
Thermal Combustion

Animal waste represents a significant threat to the environment. Degradation of waste from dead animals is in general carried out in specialized facilities (rendering plants) under specific rules and guidelines. In plant proximity, undesirable malodour is usually produced during the combustion process. This odour can be effectively reduced so that it does not negatively affect the environment and society. Degradation of animal waste malodour can be processed in ozonisers, thermal combustion devices or in bio washers. The purpose of this paper is to determine the limits of exhausts that are produced during direct combustion of animal waste malodour. The level of ammonia in the combustion air is dependent on the quality of raw material processed at rendering plants where the measurements were carried out. In order to reduce the economic costs, the use of alternative fuels (animal fat, heavy fuel oil) is recommended.

Physicochemical Properties of Fuel Blends Composed of Heavy Fuel Oil and Tire-Derived Pyrolytic Oils

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Borówka ◽  
Krzysztof Bytnar ◽  
Mateusz Krzak ◽  
Jerzy Walendziewski ◽  
Wieslaw A. Zmuda
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Light Hydrocarbons ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Flow Temperature ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Heating Fuel ◽  
Heating Oil

The paper presents physicochemical properties of pyrolysis oil (PO) blends obtained from pyrolysis of rubber and spent tires mixed with selected heavy fuel oil (HFO) and the effect of PO properties on physicochemical properties of the final heavy heating oil. On the basis of physicochemical properties determinations, one sample of PO was selected, which was characterized by the best properties from the point of view of technological application. In the next step, physicochemical properties for the selected sample of heavy heating fuel oil consisting of 25% PO and 75% HFO were determined. It was found that the most important property of tire-derived PO is the content of gasoline, i.e., light hydrocarbons with a boiling point below 180 °C, which determine the ignition temperature of the obtained fuel blends. This property determines also the amount of PO that can be added to HFO, on the order of 30 wt % and more. The lower content of light hydrocarbons, the greater the amount of PO can be used to compose HFO. A positive aspect of the use of tire derive PO for the composing of heavy heating fuel is about a threefold decrease in kinematic viscosity, lowering the flow temperature and a significant reduction in ash content. Other properties of the modified HFO remained virtually unchanged and the fuel obtained as a result of blending meets the requirements of the relevant standard.

Numerical Simulation of Gas/Oil Co-Combustion Process and Thermal NOx Formation in a Retrofitted Oil-Burning Boiler

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Li ◽  
Sufen Li ◽  
Xinxiang Pan ◽  
Jianguo Pu ◽  
Xudong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Boiler Operation ◽  
Thermal Nox ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Refinery Gas

The purpose of this paper is to realize oil/gas co-combustion in an oil-burning boiler and to examine the effect of co-combustion of heavy fuel oil and refinery gas on the thermal NOx formation. The analysis was carried out by means of 3-D numerical simulation. Comprehensive mathematical model of the furnace was setup to include all relevant aerodynamic and thermo-chemical processes in the furnace. Heat transferred to the furnace walls and temperature field in the furnace were also examined in order to establish regions of safe and efficient boiler operation for different operational conditions. Realization of oil/gas co-firing safely, efficiently and with lower NOx emission in many old oil-burning boilers by retrofitting does not only deal with combustible waste gas, but also take advantage of thermal energy from the refinery gas.

Reduction of Soot Emitted by Gas Turbines Fired on Gasoil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Galantine ◽  
Philippe Lepante ◽  
Alex Angebert ◽  
Matthieu Vierling ◽  
Maher Aboujaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Best Available Techniques ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Reference Document

Particulate matter (PM) emitted by the combustion of liquid fuels consist of both ash and soot particles. For installations fired on heavy fuel oil, ash particles represent a substantial fraction of the PM emitted. However, when one burns distillate oil, soot accounts for more than 95% of the PM emission. There is currently a marked move towards the reduction of particles emitted by combustion installations. This includes gas turbines operated in cogeneration or in simple/combined cycle. This trend is driven namely by the EU BREF (Best Available Techniques Reference Document) and IED (Industrial Emission Directive), which recommend more stringent PM limitations for the combustion of gaseous and liquid fuels. Due to the proposed regulations GE has performed testing to evaluate the efficiency of catalysts mobilized in the form of fuel additives on soot emissions of heavy duty gas turbines (“GT”) fired on # 2 diesel oil (#2 DO) also known as gasoil. In the framework of a collaboration between EDF and GE, a full-scale test has been performed at the Jarry Sud power plant in Guadeloupe (West Indies), involving a Frame 6B, with three types of benign oxidation catalyst additives: cerium (IV), cerium (III) and iron (III). The results of this trial proved successful with a PM abatement level up to 80% attained at full load. The paper summarizes the preparation and execution of this field test with emphasis placed on the activity of cerium that appeared efficient at concentrations as low as a few ppm. The performances of iron and cerium are also compared.

Biosorption of heavy fuel oil from aqueous solution by Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms in natura

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís A. Nascimento ◽  
Marilda N. Carvalho ◽  
Mohand Benachour ◽  
Valdemir A. Santos ◽  
Leonie A. Sarubbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

scholarly journals Numerical investigation of the aerodynamic breakup of Diesel and heavy fuel oil droplets

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionisis Stefanitsis ◽  
Ilias Malgarinos ◽  
George Strotos ◽  
Nikolaos Nikolopoulos ◽  
Emmanouil Kakaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Droplets

Measurements and predictions of nitric oxide and particulates emissions from heavy fuel oil spray flames

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 2241-2250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Byrnes ◽  
E.A. Foumeny ◽  
T. Mahmud ◽  
A.S.A.K. Sharifah ◽  
T. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Spray Flames

scholarly journals Comparative sensitivity of the early life stages of a coral to heavy fuel oil and UV radiation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146676
Author(s):  
F. Mikaela Nordborg ◽  
Diane L. Brinkman ◽  
Gerard F. Ricardo ◽  
Susana Agustí ◽  
Andrew P. Negri
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Comparative Sensitivity

Seawater Scrubbing for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide in a Steam Turbine Power Plant

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akili D. Khawaji ◽  
Jong-Mihn Wie
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil

The most popular method of controlling sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in a steam turbine power plant is a flue gas desulfurization (FGD) process that uses lime/limestone scrubbing. Another relatively newer FGD technology is to use seawater as a scrubbing medium to absorb SO2 by utilizing the alkalinity present in seawater. This seawater scrubbing FGD process is viable and attractive when a sufficient quantity of seawater is available as a spent cooling water within reasonable proximity to the FGD scrubber. In this process the SO2 gas in the flue gas is absorbed by seawater in an absorber and subsequently oxidized to sulfate by additional seawater. The benefits of the seawater FGD process over the lime/limestone process and other processes are; 1) The process does not require reagents for scrubbing as only seawater and air are needed, thereby reducing the plant operating cost significantly, and 2) No solid waste and sludge are generated, eliminating waste disposal, resulting in substantial cost savings and increasing plant operating reliability. This paper reviews the thermodynamic aspects of the SO2 and seawater system, basic process principles and chemistry, major unit operations consisting of absorption, oxidation and neutralization, plant operation and performance, cost estimates for a typical seawater FGD plant, and pertinent environmental issues and impacts. In addition, the paper presents the major design features of a seawater FGD scrubber for the 130 MW oil fired steam turbine power plant that is under construction in Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah, Saudi Arabia. The scrubber with the power plant designed for burning heavy fuel oil containing 4% sulfur by weight, is designed to reduce the SO2 level in flue gas to 425 ng/J from 1,957 ng/J.

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