scholarly journals Evaluation of Kalalani vermiculite for production of high strength porcelain insulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blasius Ngayakamo ◽  
Eugene Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Porcelain Insulators

The present work has evaluated Kalalani vermiculite as a potential raw material for the production of high strength porcelain insulators. Three porcelain compositions were prepared to contain 0, 20 and 30 wt% of Kalalani vermiculite. Porcelain samples were fabricated using a semi-drying method. The chemical, mineralogical phases and microstructural characterization of the raw materials were carried out using XRF, XRD, and SEM techniques, respectively. Water absorption, bulk density, dielectric and bending strengths were performed on porcelain samples fired up to 1300?C. However, at the sintering temperature of 1250?C, the porcelain sample with 20 wt% of Kalalani vermiculite gave the dielectric strength of 61.3 kV/mm, bending strength of 30.54 MPa, bulk density of 2.21 g/cm3 and low water absorption value of 0.21 % which is the prerequisite properties for high strength porcelain insulators. It was therefore concluded that Kalalani vermiculite has the potential to be used for the production of high strength porcelain insulators

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tanzania local ceramic raw materials for high voltage porcelain insulators production

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (372) ◽  
pp. 570-576
Author(s):  
B. Ngayakamo ◽  
S. E. Park
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Pressing Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Porcelain Insulators ◽  
High Voltage Porcelain

Abstract This study evaluated the potential of locally sourced-ceramic raw materials in Tanzania, Pugu kaolin, Same clay, vermiculite and feldspar, for production of high voltage porcelain insulators. The chemical, mineral phases and microstructural characterization of raw materials and porcelain samples were carried out using the X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy techniques, respectively. The mineral phases of the fired porcelain sample identified were mullite and quartz. The porcelain bodies were fabricated using the dry pressing method by varying the composition of the selected ceramic raw materials. The physical-mechanical properties and dielectric strength were measured for each porcelain sample. The sample with the composition of 20% Pugu kaolin, 20% Same clay, 20% vermiculite and 40% feldspar was found to have the dielectric strength of 50.8 kV.mm-1, bending strength of 20 MPa and water absorption of 0.46%, which satisfies the main requisite properties for high voltage porcelain insulators.

scholarly journals Characterization of Algerian kaolins for utilization as a raw material in electrical insulators

Cerâmica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (374) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
M. Laraba
Keyword(s):  
Bending Strength ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Insulator ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Porcelain Insulators

Abstract The aim of this investigation was to characterize three samples of kaolin (DD1, DD2 and DD3) collected from Djebel Debbagh deposit (East of Algeria) to be used in electrical porcelain insulators. Grain-size analysis, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis (TG-DTA) were performed. Each sample was mixed with feldspar and silica to obtain three porcelain formulations. The obtained results indicated that the three kaolins were composed by kaolinite and halloysite with variable contents of MnO and Fe2O3 as associated impurities. It was found that the DD1 was the appropriate kaolin as raw material for making the high-voltage electrical insulator which had the highest electrical and mechanical properties (dielectric strength, bending strength and bulk density), while DD2 and DD3 were less suitable due to their lower properties caused by the presence of impurities which must be removed.

Characterization and Properties of Lampang Kaolinite Clay for Standard Clay

2019 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Soravich Mulinta ◽  
Sakdiphon Thiansem
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Kaolin Clay ◽  
Kaolinite Clay ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Materials Used

The aim of this study was to study and characterize the properties of raw material for standard clay, Lampang province. The raw materials used in the study are from local sources. They are Lampang kaolin clay (WC-1) and Lampang kaolin residual (WC-2). The characterization of raw material was analyzed by particle analyzer, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mixing ratio of standard clay as an addition Lampang kaolin clay 50-90% and Lampang kaolin residual 10-50% on physical-mechanical properties of standard clay. The properties of standard clay after firing at temperature at 1200°C were studied. The shrinkage, water absorption and bending strength of standard clay were tested. The results showed that the chemical components of 60%lampang kaolinite clay and 40% Lampang kaolin residual included of large amount of 67.47wt% Silicon oxide and 20.92wt%Aluminum oxide. The physical properties of standard clay had a shrinkage of 11.2%, water absorption of 1.9 % and bending strength of 659 kg/cm2. The standard clay produced fulfilled the requirements of Thai industrial standard (TIS 485-2542).

Preparation and Mechanism of Cordierite by Using Calcined Bauxite as Raw Material at Relatively Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 1066-1071
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Wu ◽  
Bin Zheng Fang ◽  
Xiao Hong Xu ◽  
Xin Bin Lao
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Synthetic Process ◽  
Synthetic Temperature ◽  
Sintering Method

The cordierite was synthesized at relatively low temperature by pressureless sintering method, using calcined bauxite, talcum , quartz and feldspar as raw materials in this paper. The water absorption (Wa), porosity (Pa), bulk density (Db) and bending strength of samples have been tested, and the synthetic process and mechanism have been investigated by XRD, SEM, and so on. The results showed that the cordierite could be synthesized at 1280°C and the range of synthetic temperature is 1160~1300°C, when the sample was sintered at 1280°C for 2h, its bulk density and bending strength were 2.20g/cm3and 72.13MPa, respectively. XRD analysis showed that the main phase of sample was cordierite, the cordierite content was about 88wt%, and the minor phases were MgAl2O4spinel and corundum. SEM results showed that the samples were dense and the pore sizes were 5 μm~100μm, the grains were growth and development well, the grains size were 0.5μm~6μm. High reaction activity corundum and mullite were provided by calcined bauxite, then coupled with the role of feldspar, thus reduced the synthetic temperature of cordierite.

scholarly journals Studies on the Physico-Chemical Properties of Ceramic Tiles Produced from Locally Available Raw Materials

1970 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Jahan ◽  
S Parveen ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
M Moniruz Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Increasing Demand

Due to the increasing demand of cost-effective tiles in Bangladesh, using the locally available raw materials five different batches of tiles have been prepared and their physical properties (firing shrinkage, bending strength, water absorption, bulk density etc.) as well as chemical properties were studied in order to evaluate the quality of the products. The present investigation revealed that various properties of the produced tiles are similar to those present in commercial tiles which are available in the local market. Key words: Tiles, Firing shrinkage, Bending strength, Water absorption, Bulk density. DOI: 10.3329.bjsir.v43i1.859 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 43(1), 77-88, 2008

The Optimal Ratio of Mixed Talc Silica and Narathiwat Clay for Cordierite-Mullite Refractories

2018 ◽  
Vol 766 ◽  
pp. 223-227
Author(s):  
Nattawut Ariyajinno ◽  
Sakdipown Thiansem
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Kiln Furniture ◽  
Firing Shrinkage ◽  
Xrd Patterns

In this paper, effects of incorporation of Narathiwat clay (NT), talc and silica on the mechanical properties of cordierite-mullite refractories were investigated. The starting raw materials were mixed in different ratios and fired at 1300 °C for 2 hours. XRD patterns of fired refectories indicated cordierite and mullite phases. The fired samples were studied the firing shrinkage, water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity and bending strength of the cordierite-mullite refractories. The optimum condition was achieved for the composition of 20% Talc that had shrinkage: 11.78%, water absorption: 4.16%, bulk density: 2.28 g/cm3, apparent porosity: 9.2% and bending strength: 330.82 kg/cm2. The results thus showed that Narathiwat clay, talc and silica was a potential materials for use kiln furniture cordierite-mullite refractories.

scholarly journals Olive Stone Ash as Secondary Raw Material for Fired Clay Bricks

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Eliche-Quesada ◽  
M. A. Felipe-Sesé ◽  
A. Infantes-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Olive Stone ◽  
Secondary Raw Material

This work evaluates the effect of incorporation of olive stone ash, as secondary raw material, on the properties of fired clay bricks. To this end, three compositions containing 10, 20, and 30 wt% olive stone ash in a mixture of clays (30 wt% red, 30 wt% yellow, and 40 wt% black clay) from Spain were prepared. The raw materials, clay and olive stone ash, were characterized by means of XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, and TG-TDA analysis. The engineering properties of the press molded specimens fired at 900°C (4 h) such as linear shrinkage, bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption, and compressive strength were evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of 10 wt% of olive stone ash produced bricks with suitable technological properties, with values of compressive strength of 41.9 MPa but with a reduced bulk density, by almost 4%. By contrast, the incorporation of 20 wt% and 30 wt% sharply increased the water absorption as a consequence of the large amount of open porosity and low mechanical strength presented by these formulations, which do not meet the standards for their use as face bricks. The bricks do not present environmental problems according to the leaching test.

scholarly journals Water permeability of argillite-based ceramic tiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04072
Author(s):  
Yana Lazareva ◽  
Anton Kotlyar ◽  
Marina Orlova ◽  
Kira Lapunova
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Burning Temperature ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
Biological Corrosion

The article presents the results of experiments to determine the interconnection between water impermeability and water absorption of ceramic tiles obtained on the basis of argillite-like clays that are widespread in the Southern Russia. It is shown that with a decrease in water absorption, the permeability of ceramics is normally reduced. It is found out that with 5% water absorption, a tile can be considered guaranteed waterproof. In this case, the index is independent of the tile thickness. It has been proved that it is possible to reduce the water absorption and increase the bending strength of tiles based on argillite-like clays by finer grinding of raw material or increasing the burning temperature. It is justified that the production of ceramics with high strength and low water absorption makes it possible to produce tiles with a smaller thickness and weight, as well as with lesser probability of biological corrosion.

Study on Preparation of Ceramic Material and its Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
Ya Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Porosity

This paper introduces the classification, properties and application of porous ceramic materials, reviewed preparation of porous ceramics. Taking fly ash and red mud as the main raw material to generate porous ceramics, the paper study the influence of different proportions of raw materials, sintering temperature, porosity of porous ceramic sample rate, bending strength, and microstructure. The results show that, fly ash and red mud proportioning and sintering temperature are the main factors that influence the structure and properties of samples. The 4# sample is a kind of high porosity and high strength quality of porous ceramics.

Fabrication and Properties of Al2O3-SiC/Sialon Composite Refractories

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 908-911
Author(s):  
Ding Yun Ye ◽  
Yan Gai Liu ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
Ming Hao Fang ◽  
Yang Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Sialon Powder ◽  
Aluminate Cement

Sialon powder was synthesized using low grade bauxite as raw materials by carbothermal reduction-nitridation reaction. The influence of synthesizing temperatures (1300°C, 1350°C, 1400°C, 1450°C, 1500°C and 1550°C) on the phases of the final products was studied by XRD technique. β-Sialon (Z=3) formed at 1350°C and decreased when the temperature was higher than 1450°C. The optimizing reaction temperature for preparing Sialon was 1450°C. The Al2O3-SiC/Sialon composite refractories were prepared at 200°C, 400°C and 600°C for 24h with white corundum, brown corundum, SiC, Sialon powders prepared at 1450°C and calcium aluminate cement. The bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption and bending strength of the Al2O3-SiC/Sialon composite refractories at room temperature were studied. The results show that the bulk density decreased and then increased with the enhancing of the temperature and reached the highest value of 2.43g/cm3 at 200°C. The apparent porosity and water absorption reached the lowest values of 26.68% and 10.99% at 200°C respectively. The bending strength decreased as the temperature increased, reached the highest value of 0.73MPa at 200°C.

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