scholarly journals The effects of gear shift indicator usage on fuel efficiency of a motor vehicle

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1 Part B) ◽  
pp. 707-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Blagojevic ◽  
Goran Vorotovic ◽  
Dragan Stamenkovic ◽  
Nebojsa Petrovic ◽  
Branislav Rakicevic
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Gear Shift ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Main Factors

The manner of gear shifting is one of the main factors affecting the fuel efficiency of motor vehicles. Potential savings resulted from optimized gear shifting led to introduction of gear shift indicators in passenger vehicles as an obligation from year 2012. The effects of gear shift indicators usage are still not studied enough. That was the motive for the authors to conduct the experiments to justify their usage, both from the economic and ecological standpoint. The presented results come from the tests conducted on FIAT 500L vehicle to determine the fuel consumption using the new European driving cycle, but for three different gear shift patterns: (1) as defined in UNECE Regulation No. 83, (2) as indicated by vehicle?s gear shift indicator, and (3) based on the average vehicle speed values collected from gear shift indicators of 35 passenger vehicles of different makes, types, and characteristics. Maximum difference in fuel consumption recorded in tests done using three different gear shift patterns is 18.7%.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE AIR TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON FUEL CONSUMPTION OF A PASSENGER CAR CONVERTED TO OPERATE ON LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Roman O. Rekhalov ◽  
◽  
Evgeniy M. Chikishev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Gas Consumption

Due to the rapid growth of environmental pollution from mobile sources, the part of alternative fuels use is increasing. One of these for motor vehicle is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). This study focuses on the LPG use by Mitsubishi Lancer X passenger car in driving conditions. Based on the results of the previous studies analysis, the most significant factors affecting the change in fuel consumption by motor vehicles were identified. It was proved that the decrease in the ambient temperature from +30 to –20 °C leads to an increase in gas consumption from 11.2 to 13.6 l/100 km. In addition, at air temperatures from –20 °C and below, the gas-fueled engine is unstable.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MEMBAYAR PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR (PKB) DI UNIT PELAYANAN PENDAPATAN PROVINSI (UPPP) KABUPATEN SELUMA

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Vivi Yulian Sari ◽  
Neri Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Service Unit ◽  
Scale Method

R.A. Vivi Yulian Sari, Neri Susanti; Factors That Influence Compliance With Taxpayers In Paying Tax On Motor Vehicles In The Province Revenue Service Unit Of Seluma Regency This study aimed to determine the factors that influence taxpayers compliance in paying motor vehicle tax (CLA ) in Unit Revenue Services of Province ( UPPP ) Seluma District. Type of this study is descriptive study. The population in this study is whousedtaxpayermotor vehicleisregisteredinthe Unit RevenueService of Province (UPPP) SelumaDistrict, witha sample of30taxpayer-wheeled motor vehicletwo (2) located atTaisMarket and registered inUnit RevenueService of Province of(UPPP) Seluma Districtin July2013.The data collected by usingquestionnaire. Data analyzed by using rating scale method. Taxpayer perceptions towards tax penalties showed a significant effect on tax compliance in carrying out its obligations to pay motor vehicle tax ( CLA ) , is seen from the position of the respondent's perception of the value of tax penalties perceptions of factors affecting tax compliance in paying taxes on motor vehicles in Unit Revenue Service of Province( UPPP ) Seluma District with the total score of 316 is in the interval 308-381 , agreed criteria.

scholarly journals Methods and simulation to reduce fuel consumption in driving cycles for category N1 motor vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kolin ◽  
S. E. Silantyev ◽  
Petr Rogov ◽  
M. E. Gnenik
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Commercial Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Light Commercial Vehicle ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the results of using the simulation model estimating the fuel consumption of a light commercial vehicle in road traffic cycles; virtual tests are performed. The impact analysis of the motor vehicle design parameters on fuel consumption in NEDC and WLTC cycles is conducted. Numerical values of average fuel consumption are obtained for variation of the main parameters of the structure in NEDC and WLTC cycles. Energy distribution is shown during the motion of category N1 light commercial vehicle.

Evaluation of Shared-Use Facilities for Bicycles and Motor Vehicles

1997 ◽  
Vol 1578 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Harkey ◽  
J. Richard Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measures Of Effectiveness ◽  
Bicycle Lane

This study was conducted for the Florida Department of Transportation with an objective of evaluating the safety and utility of shared-use facilities to provide engineers and planners comprehensive results that can be used in planning, designing, and constructing roadways to be shared by motorists and bicyclists. The results were developed from an analysis of observations of bicyclists and motorists interacting on different types of roadways. The evaluation included roadways with wide curb lanes, bicycle lanes, and paved shoulders. Locations from both rural and urban environments were included and varied in terms of motor-vehicle speed, traffic volume, lane width, and number of lanes. The operational measures of effectiveness used in evaluating the different types of facilities included ( a) lateral placement of the bicyclist, ( b) lateral placement of the motor vehicle, ( c) separation distance between the bicycle and the motor vehicle, and ( d) encroachments by the motorist or bicyclist during the passing maneuver. Results of the analysis showed that the type of facility (wide curb lane versus bicycle lane versus paved shoulder) does have a significant effect on the separation distance between bicyclists and motor vehicles; this distance ranged from 1.80 to 1.95 m (5.9 to 6.4 ft). The findings also indicated that paved shoulders and bicycle lanes generally result in similar interactions between motorists and bicyclists and that when compared with wide curb lanes they offer some distinct advantages to both user groups. The results also indicated that bicycle lanes as narrow as 0.92 m (3 ft) provide sufficient space for motorists and bicyclists to interact safely. At the same time, a 1.22-m (4-ft) wide bicycle lane tended to optimize operating conditions because there were very few differences in the measures of effectiveness when 1.22-m lanes were compared with wider lanes.

scholarly journals Effect of driving resistances on energy demand and exhaust emission in motor vehicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur JAWORSKI ◽  
Kazimierz Lejda
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Resistance Function ◽  
Emission Limits

Among the fundamental factors affecting the emissions of internal combustion engines is the resistance to motion acting on the car. This is an important factor to be taken into account when testing cars in conditions simulated on a chassis dynamometer. The dependence of the driving resistance function on vehicle speed is determined on the basis of various methods, the most frequently used of which is the so-called alternative method specified in procedures for the type approval of motor vehicles with respect to the emission of pollutants in exhaust gases. The values adopted in accordance with the alternative method differ from the actual resistance acting on the car in road conditions. This is one of the reasons why the emission of pollutants and the fuel consumption of an engine in real road conditions differs from the values given by the car manufacturer, including the emission limits specified in the standards. This paper presents an evaluation of the influence of driving resistance on the energy demand and emission of pollutants in the exhaust gases by sample passenger car with SI engine fuelled by petrol and LPG.

Gear Shift Voice Prompt System Based on Optimal Fuel Consumption

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1288-1294
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Position Sensor ◽  
Digital Signals ◽  
Voltage Comparator ◽  
Gear Shift ◽  
System A ◽  
Photoelectric Sensor ◽  
Optimal Fuel Consumption

In the system, a 51 microcontroller (functions as CPU) collects digital signals transferred by LM358 (functions as voltage comparator) from voltage signals of throttle position sensor; a photoelectric sensor detects vehicle speed while the microcontroller calculates vehicle speed. CPU analyzes and compares these two types of signals and judges whether the optimal fuel consumption for gear shift is reached. If so, CPU will output a playing instruction to a voice chip and remind driver of shifting gears.

scholarly journals Eco-Driving and Its Impacts on Fuel Efficiency: An Overview of Technologies and Data-Driven Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Fafoutellis ◽  
Eleni G. Mantouka ◽  
Eleni I. Vlahogianni
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Naturalistic Driving ◽  
Multidimensional Concept

Eco-driving is a multidimensional concept that includes driving behavior, route selection and all other choices or behaviors related to the vehicles’ fuel consumption (e.g., the use of quality fuel, the use of air conditioning, driving at peak hours, etc.). The scope of this paper is to present an overview of recent literature referring to eco-driving and developed models for calculating fuel consumption, as well as the most important factors affecting it. Recent literature contains a large number of models that estimate fuel consumption, based on naturalistic driving data, which are collected using smartphones and OBDs. In this work, the existing literature is critically assessed in relation to conceptual, methodological and data related aspects. The analyses result to a set of limitations and challenges that are further discussed in the framework of system wide implementations for deriving policies that increase drivers’ awareness, but also improve system performance.

scholarly journals Impacts of Climate Warming on Aviation Fuel Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1593-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diandong Ren ◽  
Lance M. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Frictional Drag ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Aircraft Fuel ◽  
Rcp 8.5

AbstractFactors affecting aviation fuel efficiency are thermal and propulsive efficiencies, and overall drag on aircraft. An along-the-route integration is made for all direct flights in a baseline year, 2010, under current and future atmospheric conditions obtained from 26 climate models under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario. Thermal efficiency and propulsive efficiency are affected differently, with the former decreasing by 0.38% and the latter increasing by 0.35%. Consequently, the overall engine efficiency decrease is merely <0.02%. Over the same period, the skin frictional drag increases ~3.5% from the increased air viscosity. This component is only 5.7% of the total drag, and the ~3.5% increase in air viscosity accounts for a 0.2% inefficiency in fuel consumption. A t test is performed for the multiple-model ensemble mean time series of fuel efficiency decrease for two 20-yr periods centered on years 2010 and 2090, respectively. The trend is found to be statistically significant (p value = 0.0017). The total decrease in aircraft fuel efficiency is equivalent to ~0.68 billion gallons of additional fuel annually, a qualitatively robust conclusion, but quantitatively there is a large interclimate model spread.

scholarly journals Tyre-Road friction Coefficient: Estimation Adaptive System

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
A.A. Kashkanov ◽  
◽  
A.P. Rotshtein ◽  
V.Yu. Kucheruk ◽  
V.A. Kashkanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Coefficient Estimation ◽  
Potential Applicability

This paper offers an upgraded method for estimating the magnitude of friction between tyres of a motor vehicle and a road surface while investigating road accidents. The above-mentioned method is based on the resultant data of tyre-and-road interworking field tests in case of emergency braking. Such estimation of the magnitude of friction is to be carried out with a focus on the factors affecting the friction processes in the tyreand-road contact. The most important factors, which are included in the synthesized adaptive system used for friction coefficient estimation, have been defined based on the theoretical analysis of the data of deceleration and braking length of motor vehicles. The study of the existing expert methods used for estimating the level of tyre-and-road engagement and the effect of such level on the motional parameters of a motor vehicle has demonstrated the need for upgrading of the existing approaches. Unlike the existing practices, the friction coefficient estimation adaptive system offered by the authors hereof is a self-trainable system. Such system reduces any simulation uncertainty and the probability of occurrence of Type 1 and Type 2 errors. Such result is achieved owing to the fact that the system takes into account the upgraded design of the present-day brake systems and tyres, as well as the speed of motor vehicles and load of their wheels; the system is also efficient because it makes use of the up-to-date mathematical methods which are able to process raw (initial) data under conditions of stochastic and fuzzy uncertainty. The approach offered hereby has demonstrated its efficiency for motor vehicles belonging to categories М1 and N1 and has proven its potential applicability for other categories of motor vehicles.

scholarly journals Influence of Various Trim Conditions on Vessel’s Fuel Consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4636-4657
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Fishing Boat ◽  
Optimum Position ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Budget Expenditure

Shipping companies, operators and mariners underestimate the importance of trim to the factors such as company’s budget expenditure, vessel’s fuel consumption and environmental pollution. As the result, negative effect on those factors due to inefficiently trimmed ship arises. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to verify the role of vessel’s trim on fuel consumption and determine the optimum trim value for different types of ships at different conditions. The trim of the ship is important both to carry the maximum amount of cargo safely and maximise the fuel efficiency of the ship. Two main factors affect the trim - one is the shape of the underwater form of hull/water plane area at the particular draft and the other is the distribution of weights such as ballast water, cargo and fuel in the vessel. The influence of trim on fuel consumption is hydro-dynamically related to the ship’s resistance. Thus, as a vessel adjusts her angle of trim, the total resistance also changes. As the result, for the ships with the same deadweight and speed ratio, the total fuel expenditure can vary considerably. Therefore, depending on resistance a ship experiences, the optimum trim condition can be obtained. This manuscript clearly indicates that each vessel is unique and has an individual approach that should be applied to achieve the most efficient condition of sailing. Thus, for a fishing boat, it is essential to maintain zero trim or little trim to fore, while for unloaded container ship the optimum trim is achieved at 3 meters by the stern. For VLCC and passenger ship, however, the optimum position is reached at the same value of trim, namely 1-meter aft trim. Applying the results of conducted experiments, the optimum trim condition can be obtained and unnecessary losses of shipping company will significantly be reduced. Moreover, efficiently consumed fuel will allow decreasing the amount of gas emissions produced, reducing the negative effect on the environment. Furthermore, to sharpen the understanding of the role of trim of fuel consumption, it is recommended to study the influence of various angles of trim on fuel efficiency while the different types of ships maintain constant draft.

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