Video observation of encounters between the automated shuttles and other traffic participants along an approach to right-hand priority T-intersection

Introduction Increasing numbers of deployment projects of automated shuttles have been taking place worldwide. Safety is one of the main concerns for their successful implementation. Therefore, it is vital to gain the knowledge about interactions between these shuttles and other traffic participants. Method Given the lack of behavioural observational studies under regular traffic conditions, the presented study applies external video recordings to explore encounters between the shuttles approaching a T-intersection and other traffic participants. The encounters of interest included a vulnerable road user in the bicycle lane, a pedestrian on the zebra crossing and a road user overtaking the shuttle. The shuttles were identified from the video by RUBA software. We analysed the encounters using T-Analyst software together with the manual observation of traffic participants' behaviour. Results From 220 h of video, 318 unique manoeuvres of the shuttle were observed and 83 encounters with other traffic participants were identified and explored. Several types of risks and behavioural patterns were identified, such as road users misusing the defensive style of the shuttles or cyclists in the bicycle lane not being sure about the shuttle’s intention. Frequent hard stops of the shuttles might be dangerous for the passengers inside and can increase the risk of rear end accidents. Conclusions The findings provide a valuable insight into the interactions between automated shuttles and other traffic participants under regular traffic conditions on one location in Oslo, Norway. The study showed that introducing automated shuttles into regular traffic can lead to the emergence of new types of interactions between the shuttles and other traffic participants.

Kewenangan Pemerintah Kota Denpasar dalam Penerapan Jalur Khusus Sepeda

Realizing an environmentally friendly city of Denpasar is one of the balancing concepts in the development of an environmentally friendly city. Changing the mode of transportation to environmentally friendly transportation, such as the use of bicycles, can prevent congestion. One of the government's real actions is the government's authority on bicycle lanes as a necessity for the community. The purposes of this study are to reveal the form of authority of the Denpasar City Government in Streamlining the Application of Bicycle Paths and forms of legal protection for bicycle lane users based on Law Number 22 Year 2009 in Denpasar City. The type of legal research used in this research is empirical legal research with a statutory approach. The data collection techniques were carried out by reading, recording, quoting, summarizing and analyzing the data and information obtained from the relevant agencies, namely the Denpasar City Transportation Service. After obtaining primary legal materials and secondary legal materials which are then processed and analyzed systematically, data is obtained that the authority of the Denpasar City government in making the use of bicycle lanes effective is to provide bicycle lane facilities at several points scattered in the Denpasar City area, such as on Jalan Sudirman , Jalan Letda Made Putra, Jalan Letda Tantular and at several other points. Meanwhile, legal protection for bicycle lane users contains the rights of bicycle lane users, such as the mandatory provision of bicycle lane facilities by the government to ensure the safety and comfort of cyclists, freedom from fear in traffic, and avoidance of traffic hazards.

School Safe Route in Sumbersari District, Jember Regency

The number of underage accidents in Jember Regency in 2011-2012 increased from 37 to 190 cases. Therefore, bicycle and pedestrian paths were planned through the School Safe Route program that could encourage students to choose to ride a bicycle or walking. The method of this study was the Level of Service analysis (LOS), student and travel characteristics, cross tabs, bicycle lanes, pedestrians, and road equipment facilities. The results showed that the level of road service on each road section varied, including LOS A, B, D and E. The characteristic and common cross tabs analysis results showed that most transportations used by students were motorcycles. Still, there was a relatively large proportion of students’ willingness to change their transportation mode in operational conditions if bicycle and pedestrian path facilities were provided. Cycle path analysis showed that the types of bicycle lanes were planned, specifically type A and C, with a bicycle lane width was 1.44 m for each lane. From the calculation of the minimum effective width of the sidewalk obtained 1.01 m with a crossing facility in the form of a pelican crossing with waiting stalls. Several road equipment facilities were planned, such as traffic signs, road markings and Traffic Signaling Equipment (TSE). Bicycle and pedestrian routes were planned at Tawang Mangu Street, Danau Toba Street, Mastrip Barat Street, Kalimantan Street, Jawa Street, Karimata Street, M.T. Haryono Street, Letjen S. Parman Street, Letjen Panjaitan Street and Letjen Suprapto Street.

Physarum-Inspired Bicycle Lane Network Design in a Congested Megacity

Improvement of mobility, especially environment-friendly green mobility, is challenging in existing megacities due to road network complexity and space constraints. Endorsing the bicycle lane network (BLN) in congested megacities is a promising option to foster green mobility. This research presents a novel bioinspired network design method that considers various constraints and preferences related to the megacity for designing an optimal BLN. The proposed method is inspired by natural Physarum polycephalum, a brainless, multi-headed single-celled organism, which is capable of developing a reticulated network of complex foraging behaviors in pursuit of food. The mathematical model of Physarum foraging behavior is adapted to maneuver various BLN constraints in megacity contexts in designing the optimal BLN. The Physarum-inspired BLN method is applied to two case studies on the megacity Dhaka for designing BLNs: the first one covers congested central city area, and the second one covers a broader area that includes major locations of the city. The obtained BLNs were evaluated comparing their available routes between different locations with the existing vehicle routes of the city in terms of distance and required travel times in different time periods, and the BLN routes were found to be suitable alternatives for avoiding congested main roads. The expected travel time using BLNs is shorter than other transport (e.g., car and public bus); additionally, at glance, the average travel speed on BLNs is almost double that of public buses in peak hours. Finally, the designed BLNs are promising for environment-friendly and healthy mobility.

KARAKTERISTIK PENGGUNA SEPEDA LIPAT TERHADAP PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI DI KOTA PALEMBANG

Sustainable Transportation is one of the embodiment of sustainable development, sustainable development puts forward the concept of eco-friendly urban, where the concept aims to balance the increasingly rapid development activities with an eco- friendly transportation system that is integrated with other modes of transportation, particularly the public transportation. Through this research, it is expected that it will become a reference for planning the development of bicycle routes and lanes in the city of Palembang. The research method used was a quantitative descriptive approach, data collection techniques conducted through a questionnaire survey, the total population was 966 cyclists, the sample taken for respondents with the Slovin formula was 478 respondents. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling, the results of data processing will be illustrated in tables and diagrams and calculations for the study of bicycle route lane using a matrix of origin and destination. Based on the questionnaire data obtained, from the survey results of 478 respondents, the percentage of cyclist was predominantly male and it was 91%, based on the analysis of activity patterns of folding cyclists, it indicated that the use of bicycle was 77% and it intended to the purpose of sports trips, 8% was for the purpose of recreation, 6% was for the purpose of daily activities, 5% was for the purpose of social travel, and the last 4% was for work purposes. 20% of folding cyclists were aimed to the short trips ? 10 km, while the use of bicycles for medium distances, which was around 10 km to 40 km, with the largest percentages was 38% and 32%. 68% of folding cyclist stated that the bicycle mode was the most economical mode of transportation. Dealing with the analysis for the opportunity to develop special bicycle routes and lanes, bicycle users were enthusiastic to obtain supporting facilities in the form of special bicycle lanes, 97% of cyclists agreed that a special bicycle lane must be provided. The selection of roads for bicycle routes was based on the calculation of the origin and destination matrix for the cyclists, the districts of the most potential cyclists were selected as starting and ending points for the bicycle route. Thus, 2 alternatives were selected for the special bicycle route. Key Words: sustainable transportation, characteristics, bicycle route, bicycle lane

ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS LAJUR KHUSUS SEPEDA PADA KAWASAN TOMANG – CIDENG TIMUR

During this pandemic, cycling has become an increasingly popular activity in Indonesian society. more and more people are flocking to bike. The reasons are also various, some are cycling to avoid cramming on public transportation for fear of contracting the corona virus, some are aimed only at eliminating boredom while doing Work From Home (WFH). Cycling also has many benefits including reducing stress, reducing the risk of degenerative desease, controlling body weight, and increasing body strength, balance and muscle coordination. However, there are still many problems with free space on the bicycle paths in the Jakarta area. One of the problems on bicycle paths that is often encountered is the difficulty of making the bicycle paths become steering due to several reasons. Therefore, this study aims to determine the level of satisfaction of the people of Jakarta, especially bicycle lane users to the bicycle lanes that have been provided by the Government. This research was conducted directly by observing the research location. And distribute questionnaires to the public to determine the level of respondent satisfaction. Processing of data analysis used descriptive statistical methods with the help of the application of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).ABSTRAKDi masa pandemi ini, bersepeda menjadi kegiatan yang makin populer di lakukan oleh masyrakat Indonesia. semakin banyak orang berbondong-bondong untuk bersepeda. Alasannya pun beragam ada yang bersepeda untuk menghindari berdesakan di kendaraan umum karena takut tertular virus corona ada pula yang bertujuan hanya untuk menghilangkan kejenuhan selama melakukan Work From Home (WFH). Bersepeda juga memiliki banyak manfaat diantaranya adalah mengurangi stres, mengurangi risiko penyakit degeneratif, mengandalikan berat badan, dan meningkatkan kekuatan, keseimbangan, dan koordinasi otot tubuh. Akan tetapi masih terdapat banyak masalah pada lajur sepeda yang ada di kawasan jakarta ini. Salah satu masalah pada lajur sepeda yang sering dijumpai adalah sulitnya membuat lajur sepeda menjadi stelir dikarenakan oleh beberapa hal. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan masyarakat jakarta khususnya para pengguna lajur sepeda terhadap lajur sepeda yang telah disediakan oleh Pemerintah. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara langsung dengan melakukan pengamatan di lokasi penelitian dan membagikan kuesioner kepada masyarakat untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan responden. Pengolahan analisis data menggunakan metode statistika deskriptif dengan bantuan aplikasi Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).