scholarly journals Efficiency of polycrystalline photovoltaic parks in Romania: Possibility of using renewable energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 665-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Mitiu ◽  
Marius Olteanu ◽  
Natalia Raischi ◽  
Cristina Balaceanu ◽  
Danut Cociorva
Keyword(s):  
Manuscript Studies ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Ethyl Vinyl ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Current State ◽  
Soldering Technology ◽  
Main Factors

The performance of photovoltaic panels and lifetime are determined to a large extent by the quality of photovoltaic cells, their soldering technology, the quality of ethyl vinyl acetate film in which they are encapsulated, the encapsulation technology and the back sheet. Depending on the manufacturing technology, photovoltaic panels can be made of monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous silicon cells. This manuscript studies the main factors that influence the aging of photovoltaic panels in order to assess their effectiveness and sustainability in terms of energy, in order to establish the optimum conditions of photovoltaic panel?s location, being a contribution to the attainment of the targets in terms of growth using renewable sources of energy. The main purpose of this research is to study the current state, in Romania, in the field of renewable energies by using solar panels.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Mapping Accuracy between UAV Video versus Photo Mosaic for the Scattered Urban Photovoltaic Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2745
Author(s):  
Young-Seok Hwang ◽  
Stephan Schlüter ◽  
Seong-Il Park ◽  
Jung-Sup Um
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Mapping Accuracy ◽  
Still Images ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Solar Powered

It is common practice for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flight planning to target an entire area surrounding a single rooftop’s photovoltaic panels while investigating solar-powered roofs that account for only 1% of the urban roof area. It is very hard for the pre-flight route setting of the autopilot for a specific area (not for a single rooftop) to capture still images with high overlapping rates of a single rooftop’s photovoltaic panels. This causes serious unnecessary data redundancy by including the surrounding area because the UAV is unable to focus on the photovoltaic panel installed on the single rooftop. The aim of this research was to examine the suitability of a UAV video stream for building 3-D ortho-mosaics focused on a single rooftop and containing the azimuth, aspect, and tilts of photovoltaic panels. The 3-D position accuracy of the video stream-based ortho-mosaic has been shown to be similar to that of the autopilot-based ortho-photo by satisfying the mapping accuracy of the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS): 3-D coordinates (0.028 m) in 1:217 mapping scale. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference in employing video stream-based ortho-mosaics for widely scattered single rooftop solar panels in urban settings.

scholarly journals Optimal integration of microalgae production with photovoltaic panels: environmental impacts and energy balance

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Morales ◽  
Arnaud Hélias ◽  
Olivier Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Microalgae Productivity

Abstract Background Microalgae are 10 to 20 times more productive than the current agricultural biodiesel producing oleaginous crops. However, they require larger energy supplies, so that their environmental impacts remain uncertain, as illustrated by the contradictory results in the literature. Besides, solar radiation is often too high relative to the photosynthetic capacity of microalgae. This leads to photosaturation, photoinhibition, overheating and eventually induces mortality. Shadowing microalgae with solar panels would, therefore, be a promising solution for both increasing productivity during hotter periods and producing local electricity for the process. The main objective of this study is to measure, via LCA framework, the energy performance and environmental impact of microalgae biodiesel produced in a solar greenhouse, alternating optimal microalgae species and photovoltaic panel (PV) coverage. A mathematical model is simulated to investigate the microalgae productivity in raceways under meteorological conditions in Sophia Antipolis (south of France) at variable coverture percentages (0% to 90%) of CIGS solar panels on greenhouses constructed with low-emissivity (low-E) glass. Results A trade-off must be met between electricity and biomass production, as a larger photovoltaic coverture would limit microalgae production. From an energetic point of view, the optimal configuration lies between 10 and 20% of PV coverage. Nevertheless, from an environmental point of view, the best option is 50% PV coverage. However, the difference between impact assessments obtained for 20% and 50% PV is negligible, while the NER is 48% higher for 20% PV than for 50% PV coverage. Hence, a 20% coverture of photovoltaic panels is the best scenario from an energetic and environmental point of view. Conclusions In comparison with the cultivation of microalgae without PV, the use of photovoltaic panels triggers a synergetic effect, sourcing local electricity and reducing climate change impacts. Considering an economic approach, low photovoltaic panel coverage would probably be more attractive. However, even with a 10% area of photovoltaic panels, the environmental footprint would already significantly decrease. It is expected that significant improvements in microalgae productivity or more advanced production processes should rapidly enhance these performances.

scholarly journals Energy Saving in Batteries Using the Photovoltaic System

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-94
Author(s):  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
Ramzi Ibraheem ◽  
Rizgar Weli
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Lead Acid Battery ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Parallel Connection ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Full Charge

Photovoltaic panels are used to generate electricity directly or indirectly. in the case of indirect, the energy should be saved in batteries and then it can be used and in this case, the inverter is required to change the direct current of the batteries(DC) to operate alternating current(AC) loads. This paper concentrates on saving energy in batteries and investigating the process of charging and discharging the batteries to operate selective loads in the paper. Using the photovoltaic panels to store energy in batteries, the results reveal that one photovoltaic panel of( 80 W) is placed towards south at a tilt angle of 36o; it could generate (224 W.hr) of energy that was obtained by charging a( 65 A.hr) lead-acid battery for 13 hours in April. Using two solar panels each of( 80 W )is connecting parallel,( 915.6 W.hr) of energy generated in May while using three units in parallel connection the electricity generated was near to that of two panels as the battery reaches nearly the full charge. Ambient temperature rise harms solar panels and leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the solar panel.

scholarly journals Model of Choice Photovoltaic Panels Considering Customers’ Expectations

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5977
Author(s):  
Dominika Siwiec ◽  
Andrzej Pacana
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Purchase Cost ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
The Cost ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Relative States

Photovoltaic electricity generation is key to achieving deep decarbonization with a high degree of electrification. It is predicted that the energy sector will reduce carbon dioxide by producing electricity mainly from photovoltaic (PV) power. Although dynamic development of the implementation of photovoltaic panels has been observed, their choice considering customer specificity is still a problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose the model of choice photovoltaic panels considering customers’ expectations. It can support the choice of a photovoltaic panel of a certain quality (satisfaction of concrete customer) in combination with the cost of its purchase. The proposed model includes acquiring and then processing customers’ expectations into technical criteria, while simultaneously considering the weighting of these criteria. It is realized in a standardized way, i.e., the zero-unitarization method (MUZ), after which normalized values of the quality of the photovoltaic panels’ criteria are obtained. In turn, the quality of these products is estimated by the weighted sum model (WSM) and then integrated with purchase cost in qualitative cost analysis (AKJ). As a result, using the scale of relative states, it is possible to categorize customer satisfaction from indicating qualitative cost and selecting the photovoltaic panel expected by customers (the most satisfactory). The effectiveness of the model was demonstrated by a sensitivity analysis, after which the key PV criteria were indicated. The proposed model is intended for any entity who selects a photovoltaic panel for customers. The computerization of calculations may contribute to its utilitarian dissemination.

Research on Solar Panels Online Defect Detecting Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 938-941
Author(s):  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Hong Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Infrared Image ◽  
Thermal Imager ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Photovoltaic Panels ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
Infrared Imager ◽  
Infrared Diagnosis

Taking solar photovoltaic panels as the research object, infrared diagnosis technology is used to inspect the quality of crystalline silicon solar panels, and using infrared detecting principle of infrared thermal imager to design a set of device, which can detect the internal and surface defects of the solar panels. Common defects such as black piece, broken gate, crack and fragment can be detected and classified according to the infrared image characteristics of the four kinds of defects, also it can quickly locate the defects. Experiments show that, after image processing of the images captured by the infrared imager, it can be easily and visually to determine whether a photovoltaic panels is flawed. Last but not least, to classify the defects.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criterion Analysis for Choosing Photovoltaic Panel

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Figen Balo ◽  
Lutfu Sagbansua
Keyword(s):  
Solar Panel ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Analytical Hierarchical Process ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Criterion Analysis

The photovoltaic (PV) technology have become more popular and more affordable in view of decreased energy expenses. This technology is one of the eco-friendliest ways to produce energy at the present time because they quiet, generate no greenhouse gases while in usage and need no fuel to operate them. However, generating electricity using photovoltaic technology is nowadays costlier when compared to the more conventional techniques. The most important reason for this is solar panel prices. In the worldwide, there are numerous of solar panel brands. Each of the solar panel brands has list of performance, durability, quality, warranty, support agreement, physical size, quality of materials and other specifications. These panels are marketable from a hundred dollars to six hundred dollars; due to the different properties. In this study, the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) method applied to compare 230W solar panel brands in PV system. The five different criteria (mechanical, customer, electrical, environmental and financial) are used to assessment the solar panels performance. To select the best solar panel, this multi-criteria decision making method is performed depend on user-defined weighted factors.

HASTANELERİN HİZMET KALİTESİNİN HASTA TATMİN ÖLÇEĞİ İLE ÖLÇÜLMESİ: KARABÜK DEVLET HASTANESİNDE YATAN HASTALAR ÜZERİNDE BİR ARAŞTIRMA THE MEASUREMENT SERVICE QUALITY OF THE HOSPITALS BY THE PATIENT SCALE: A RESEARCH ON THE PATIENTS IN KARABUK STATE HOSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yurtsever
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
State Hospital ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Factors

It has been known that both in the world and in Turkey a continuous change has been experienced in the provision of health services in recent years. In this sense by adopting the customer(client) focused approach of either public or private sector hospitals; it has been seen that they are in the struggle for presenting a right, fast, trustuble, comfy service. The purpose of this research is to measure the satisfaction degree, expectations and perceptions of the patients in Karabük State Hospital through comparison. In this context, the patient satisfaction scale which has been developed as a result of literature review has been used and by this scale it has been tried to measure the satisfaction levels of the patients in terms of material and human factors which are the two main factors of the service that was presented. In the study, with the scales of Servqual and 0-100 Points together, in the part of the analysis MANOVA have been used. The expectations and the perceptions of the patient has been compared first by generally and then by separating to different groups according to the various criterias and in thisway it has been tried to be measured their satisfaction levels. According to the results that were obtained, although, the satisfaction levels of the patients who have taken service from Karabük State Hospital are high in terms of thedoctors and the nurses; it has been reached to the result that their satisfaction levels are low in terms of the materials that have been used at the presenting of the service and the management.

The Development of Agritourism in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship in the Light of International and National Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Mariola Tracz ◽  
Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska ◽  
Radosław Uliszak
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
District Offices ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Podkarpackie Voivodeship is one of the regions of Poland in which the number of agritourism entities is very high. Therefore tourism plays a significant role in its development strategy. The aim of the paper is to identify the current state of agritourism and the changes that have occurred in the region in the years 2000–2016. Specific objectives are to determine the distribution of agritourism farms and their offer, together with a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and socio-economic factors, as well as the impact of the Slovak-Ukrainian border. The report was developed on the statistical materials from the Polish Central Statistical Office, Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała and data collected from municipalities and district offices that is published on their websites, as well as through interviews with 100 owners of agritourism farms in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The research has shown, on the one hand, the decline in the number of farms in the region and, on the other hand, the increase in the diversity of the tourist offer of these entities. Distribution of agritourism farms is closely linked to the attractiveness of natural environment and quality of secondary tourism resources. Traditional agritourism has not yet fully used its countryside, as well as cross-border advantages of its location.

PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS: APPLYING US EXPERICENCE TO UKRAINAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Olha Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Research ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Current State

The article discusses the current state of professional training of engineers, in particular, electronics engineers in Ukrainian higher education institutions (HEIs) and explores best practices from US HEIs. The research outlines the features of professional training of electronics engineers and recent changes in Ukrainian HEIs. Such challenges for Ukrainian HEIs as lack of collaboration between higher education and science with industry, R&D cost reduction for HEIs, and downsizing the research and academic staff, the disparity between the available quality of human capital training and the demanded are addressed. The study attempts to identify successful practices of US HEIs professional training of engineers in order to suggest potential improvements in education, research, and innovation for training electronics engineers in Ukraine.

Drug Utilization Studies – An Overview

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 803-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini S ◽  
Ravichandran V ◽  
Saraswathi R ◽  
BK Mohanty ◽  
Dhanaraj S K
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Medical Prescription ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
Drug Utilization Studies ◽  
Drug Expenditures

 Aspire of the Drug Utilization Studies (DUS) is to appraise factors related to the prescribing, dispensing, administering and taking of medication, and it’s associated. Since the middle of twentieth century, interest in DUS has been escalating, first for market-only purposes, then for appraising the quality of medical prescription and comparing patterns of use of specific drugs. The scope of DUS is to evaluate the current state and future trends of drug usage, to estimate roughly disease pervasiveness, drug expenditures, aptness of prescriptions and adherence to evidence-based recommendations. The increasing magnitude of DUS as a valuable investigation resource in pharmacoepidemiology has been bridging it with other health allied areas, such as public health, rational use of drug, evidence based drug use, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, eco-pharmacovigilance and pharmacogenetics.

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