scholarly journals Biopsy of small salivary glands in the diagnosis of Mikulicz-Sjögren's syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srbislav Ilic ◽  
Ljubisa Arsic ◽  
Ivica Milosavljevic ◽  
Miroslav Strbac ◽  
Gordana Tomasevic
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Lacrimal Glands ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Work

Background. Sj?gren's syndrome (SS) represents autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation, destruction and insufficiency of exocrine glands, particularly salivary and lacrimal glands, accompanied by dryness of mouths and eyes. Diagnostic work-up involves clinical laboratory tests, radiography, scintigraphy and bioptic histopathological examination. Examination of small salivary glands in the biopsy of the lower lip represents a 'golden standard' of diagnosis of SS, concerning the fact that the growth and the disfunction of salivary and lacrimal glands occurs in different pathologic states. Methods. Resected specimens of the lower lip were obtained from 47 patients with clinical diagnosis of SS. After standard histopathological treatment, slices were hematoxylin and eosin stained. Immunohistochemistry against smooth muscle actin was performed using LSAB+ method (AHSMA-M7558, DAKO 1:50). On the basis of generally accepted histopathological diagnostic criteria the results were categorized as: findings suspicious for SS; findings compatible with the diagnosis of SS (mild, moderate and high degree of inflammation); nonspecific inflammatory reaction and nonrepresentative biopsy samples. Results. Diagnosis of SS was confirmed in 32% of cases. In 2% of cases findings were suspected for SS, in 36% of cases findings were compatible with the diagnosis of nonspecific inflammation, and in 30% of cases material was not representative. Conclusions. By the biopsy of salivary glands of the lower lip the diagnosis of SS was confirmed in 50-60% of cases. Upon the precise diagnostic criteria it was also possible to determine the intensity of inflammation and tissue destruction in SS and identify other pathological conditions, which justified the biopsy. Surgical technique had to be adequate in order to obtain representative number of small salivary glands. In the presented material 30% of specimens were nonrepresentative which was very high percentage compared with literature data. This was most probably the reason why the diagnosis of SS was confirmed in only 32% of cases, i.e., in every third patient.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Mucocele by Using Diode Laser: Two Case Reports

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S Srinivasa ◽  
Sana Farista ◽  
Parul Agrawal ◽  
Priya Jain ◽  
Sushmita Deonani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Clinical Finding ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Lower Lip

Mucoceles are benign, mucus-containing cystic lesions of the minor salivary glands. They are not true cysts since most of them lack an epithelial lining. These lesion occur most commonly in the lower lip.  This case report presents two cases of mucocele on the lower and upper lips. This lesion was diagnosed based on history, clinical finding and histopathological examination. The excision of the lesion was planed using diode laser. After re-evaluation of both the patients healing was satisfactory.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v4i1.12167  

An adrenocortical oncocytoma with unusual mitochondrial inclusions and cytoplasmic crystals

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
W.T. Gunning ◽  
G.D. Haselhuhn ◽  
E.R. Phillips ◽  
S.H. Selman
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Microscopic Evidence

Within the last few years, adrenal cortical tumors with features concordant with the diagnostic criteria attributed to oncocytomas have been reported. To date, only nine reported cases exist in the literature. This report is the tenth case presentation of a presumptively benign neoplasm of the adrenal gland with a rare differentiation. Oncocytomas are well recognized benign tumors of the thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary glands and of the kidney. Other organs also give rise to these types of tumors, however with less frequency than the former sites. The characteristics generally used to classify a tumor as an oncocytoma include the following criteria: the tumor is 1) usually a solitary circumscribed mass with no gross nor microscopic evidence of metastasis (no tissue nor vascular invasion), 2) fairly bland in terms of mitotic activity and nuclear morphology, and 3) composed of large eosinophillic cells in which the cytoplasm is packed full of mitochondria (Figure 1).

Clinical diagnostic criteria of modern spice addiction

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s880-s880
Author(s):  
I. Sosin ◽  
Y. Chuev ◽  
G. Misko ◽  
O. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Psychological Testing ◽  
Synthetic Analogues ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic ◽  
Hoarse Voice ◽  
Sexual Disinhibition ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Clinical Diagnostic Criteria

IntroductionPopulations of spice addicts in Ukraine demonstrate distinct tendency for steady spreading, and transitory psychotic episodes, overdosing and fatal cases are being registered in consequence of smoking. “Spice” are synthetic analogues of tetrahydrocannabinol.Aims and objectivesTo develop an average personified clinical portrait of spice addict for more specified therapy.MethodTwelve patients who consumed spices systematically for 1–2 years were observed. Methods of examination: clinical psychopathological, psychological testing, clinical laboratory.ResultsMain spice addiction diagnostic criteria were: Spice smoking, obsessive and uncontrolled anosognosic desire and craving to test on themselves effects of their action, pathognomonic tolerance increase, specific post-intoxication consequences. After the first smoke inspiration heavy intoxication with euphoria and loss of surrounding real perception, sexual disinhibition and craving to repeat smoking manifested after the first smoke inspiration. Then, spice smoking became subjectively pleasant, caused condition of intoxication with increased mood, fussiness, was accompanied with feeling of hunger, thirst, and hoarse voice. In the patients rather quickly (for 2–3 weeks) twice reduced duration of intoxication state from 40 to 20 minutes, loss of situation and quantitative control over smoking was observed. Clinical specifics of addiction for spices smoking is rather quick (from 5 to 10 trials) formation of psychic equivalent of addiction, extremely intensive and emotionally saturated craving for smoking, quick rise of tolerance with loss of situational and quantitative control over smoking.ConclusionsDefinite rules in the development and formation of spice dependence is necessary to be considered while developing programs for therapy and prevention in clinical narcology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Piceatannol increases the expression of hepatocyte growth factor and IL-10 thereby protecting hepatocytes in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazem Abd-Elgawad ◽  
Nashwa Abu-Elsaad ◽  
Amr El-Karef ◽  
Tarek Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Piceatannol is a polyphenolic analog of resveratrol that selectively inhibits the non-receptor tyrosine kinase-Syk. This study investigates the potential ability of piceatannol to attenuate liver fibrosis and protect hepatocytes from injury. Thioacetamide was injected in adult male mice (100 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times/week) for 8 weeks. Piceatannol (1 or 5 mg/kg per day) was administered by oral gavage during the last 4 weeks. Liver function biomarkers, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), cytokeratin-18 (CK18), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured. Necroinflammation, fibrosis, expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) were scored by histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry. Obtained results showed ability of piceatannol (1 mg/kg) to restore liver function and reduce inflammation. It significantly (p < 0.001) reduced MDA, CK18, TGF-β1, and α-SMA expression, and increased HGF and IL-10. It can be concluded that piceatannol at low dose can inhibit TGF-β1 induced hepatocytes apoptosis and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect attenuating fibrosis progression.

scholarly journals Sestrin 2 Attenuates Rat Hepatic Stellate Cell (HSC) Activation and Liver Fibrosis via an mTOR/AMPK-Dependent Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 2111-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Bing Hu ◽  
Xiao-Ting Ye ◽  
Qing-Qing Zhou ◽  
Rong-Quan Fu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin

Background/Aims: Sestrin 2 is associated with the pathophysiology of several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of Sestrin 2 in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during liver fibrogenesis. Methods: In this study, Sestrin 2 protein expression was detected in rat HSC-T6 cells challenged with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and in mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a well-known model of hepatic fibrosis. Next, HSC-T6 cells and fibrotic mice were transfected with lentivirus. The mRNA expression levels of markers of liver fibrosis [alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen 1A1 (Col1A1)] were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cell death and proliferation were evaluated by the MTT assay, and biochemical markers of liver damage in serum [alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)] were also measured using a biochemical analyzer. Histopathological examination was used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis, and protein expression [phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), AMPK, phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and mTOR] was determined by western blotting. Results: We found that Sestrin 2 was elevated in both the HSC-T6 cell and hepatic fibrosis models. In vitro, overexpression of Sestrin 2 attenuated the mRNA levels of α-SMA and Col1A1, suppressed α-SMA protein expression, and modulated HSC-T6 cell proliferation. In vivo, overexpression of Sestrin 2 reduced the ALT and AST levels as well as the α-SMA and Col1A1 protein expression in the CCl4 model of liver fibrosis. Moreover, the degree of liver fibrosis was ameliorated. Interestingly, overexpression of Sestrin 2 increased p-AMPK but decreased p-mTOR protein expression. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that Sestrin 2 may attenuate the activation of HSCs and ameliorate liver fibrosis, most likely via upregulation of AMPK phosphorylation and suppression of the mTOR signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Anti-fibrosis effect for Hirsutella sinensis mycelium based on inhibition of mTOR p70S6K phosphorylation

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Yue ◽  
Yarong Zhao ◽  
Haining Wang ◽  
Feiya Ma ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Mtor Pathway ◽  
Cordyceps Sinensis ◽  
Tgf Β1

Hirsutella sinensis, cultured in vitro, is an attractive substitute for Cordyceps sinensis as health supplement. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether H. sinensis mycelium (HSM) attenuates murine pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using lung fibrosis modle induced by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (BLM; 4 mg/kg), we observed that the administration of HSM reduced HYP, TGF-β1 and the production of several pro-fibrosis cytokines (α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin and vimentin) in fibrotic mice lung sections. Histopathological examination of lung tissues also demonstrated that HSM improved BLM-induced pathological damage. Concurrently, HSM supplementation markedly reduced the chemotaxis of alveolar macrophages and potently suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Also, HSM influenced Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg imbalance and blocked the phosphorylation of mTOR pathway in vivo. Alveolar epithelial A549 cells acquired a mesenchymal phenotype and an increased expression of myofibroblast markers of differentiation (vimentin and fibronectin) after treatment with TGF-β1. HSM suppressed these markers and blocked the phosphorylation of mTOR pathway in vitro. The results provide evidence supporting the use of HSM in the intervention of pulmonary fibrosis and suggest that HSM is a potential therapeutic agent for lung fibrosis.

scholarly journals Intra-abdominal Solitary Myofibroma in a Child: A Rare Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Singh ◽  
Jyoti Garg ◽  
Kusha Sharma ◽  
Kiran Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Anaplastic Lymphoma ◽  
Abdominal Masses

Intra-abdominal masses in children are usually malignant. Benign tumours at this location are not seen frequently. It is even rarer to find solitary myofibromas intra-abdominally as these tumours are known to have predilection for the head and neck region. We present an unusual case of solitary myofibroma with abdominal localisation in a six-year-old male child who presented with abdominal distension since six months. Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen revealed a complex solid-cystic mass extending from umbilicus to right iliac fossa and measuring 9×6×4 cm. Histopathological examination revealed a tumour displaying biphasic nodular pattern with the presence of lighter staining fascicles of mature myoid cells along with darker staining and more cellular areas of smaller primitive cells. On Immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumour cells were positive for vimentin and Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) with variable reactivity for desmin while these were negative for CD34 and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase 1 (ALK). Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, final diagnosis of myofibroma was made. Recognition of these lesions is extremely challenging owing to their rare presentation intra-abdominally and also because of their close morphological overlap with other spindle cell tumours commonly found at this site. This case highlights the combined role played by histopathology and IHC in making a clear distinction between different entities. It is imperative for both clinicians and histopathologists to establish the correct diagnosis as excision of the solitary myofibroma is curative in most cases and offers better clinical course than the more commonly found malignant tumours at this site.

scholarly journals An unusual pleomorphic adenoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Christiano Sampaio QUEIROZ ◽  
Roberto Almeida de AZEVEDO ◽  
Antonio Irineu TRINDADE NETO ◽  
Caetano Guilherme Carvalho PONTES ◽  
Rafael de Queiroz MOURA
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Minor Salivary Gland ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
Recommended Treatment

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm in major and minor salivary glands. It constitutes approximately 90% of all benign salivary gland lesions and the parotid is the most affected location. When the minor salivary glands are affected, it mostly occurs at the junction of the hard and soft palates. The diagnosis is complex because of the great histological variety and biological behavior of this tumor, a histopathological examination being essential. The recommended treatment is surgical excision. For lesions located superficially in the parotid gland, superficial parotidectomy - identifying and preserving the facial nerve - is necessary. Lesions in the palate or gums sometimes demand a margin of safety, being excised below the periosteum, including the overlying mucosa. With correct surgical removal, the prognosis is excellent. The aim of this study is to report a case of an unusual minor salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in the hard palate, describing the most important aspects of this pathology.

scholarly journals Normal-Appearing Salivary Gland Ultrasonography Identifies a Milder Phenotype of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Zandonella Callegher ◽  
Alen Zabotti ◽  
Ivan Giovannini ◽  
Elena Treppo ◽  
Luca Quartuccio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Sjogren's Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽  
Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽  
Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Objective: Salivary gland ultrasound (SGUS) is emerging as a valid tool in the management of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). This study aimed to investigate whether pSS patients with normal-appearing or pathological SGUS findings showed different clinical, laboratory, and pathologic pSS-related features, and to compare the results by using two different SGUS scores.Methods: Consecutive pSS patients, according to the ACR-EULAR classification criteria, were evaluated. Salivary glands were scored using the early 1992 score by De Vita et al. and the latest 2019 OMERACT score, both being semiquantitative 0–3 scoring systems focused on ultrasonographic parenchymal inhomogeneity (grades 0 and 1, normal-appearing; grades 2 and 3, pathological). The patients were then divided into two groups: “SGUS normal-appearing” if all the salivary glands had normal-appearing parenchyma (grade 0 or 1), or “SGUS pathological” if the grade was 2 or 3 in at least one salivary gland. The associations between SGUS and pSS-related clinical, laboratory, and pathological features were then investigated in the two groups.Results: One hundred pSS patients were evaluated, the mean age (±SD) was 60.9 ± 12.0 years, and mean disease duration was 11.7 ± 7.2 years. Twenty-nine out of 100 (29%) patients were in the “SGUS normal-appearing” group and 71/100 (71%) were in the “SGUS pathological” group. A normal-appearing SGUS was significantly associated with the absence of anti-La/SSB antibodies (p &lt; 0.001) and normal unstimulated salivary flow rate (p = 0.02) by both univariate and multivariate analyses. By univariate analysis, a normal-appearing SGUS was significantly associated also with the absence of rheumatoid factor (p = 0.002) and of serum monoclonal component (p = 0.003), ESSDAI &lt; 5 (p = 0.03), and with a negative lip biopsy (p = 0.029). No associations were found with other items, including anti-Ro/SSA (p = 0.145), Schirmer's test (p = 0.793), ESSPRI (p = 0.47), and demographic data. No differences in these results were observed by using the two SGUS scoring systems.Conclusion: The SGUS allowed the identification of different phenotypes of pSS, and different SGUS scores focused on salivary gland inhomogeneity may be effective to this end.

scholarly journals Unusually Large Submandibular Sialoliths: Report of Two Cases

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meryem Toraman Alkurt ◽  
Ilkay Peker
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Floor Of The Mouth ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Wharton’S Duct

ABSTRACTSialoliths are the most common diseases of the salivary glands. They may occur in any of the salivary gland ducts but are most common in Wharton’s duct and the submandibular gland. This report presents clinical and radiographical signs of two unusually large sialoliths. There were painless swellings on the floor of the mouth in both cases. Radiographical examination revealed large irregular radioopaque mass superimposed right canine and premolar areas. After the lesions were removed, histopathological examination was performed and lesions were diagnosed as sialoliths. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:135-139)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document